Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Heung-Chul Kim"

Brief Communications

Introduction of Non-Native Ticks Collected from Fresh Migratory Bird Carcasses on a Stopover Island in the Republic of Korea: Chang-Yong Choi, Heung-Chul Kim, Terry A. Klein, Hyun-Young Nam, Gi-Chang Bing; Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(1):57-63.
Published online February 23, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.1.57

Abstract
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When free-ranging birds are accidentally killed or die, there may be greater potential for their associated ticks to detach, seek alternate hosts, and become established. We examined 711 carcasses of 95 avian species for ticks at a stopover island of migratory birds in the Republic of Korea where only Ixodes nipponensis and I. persulcatus were previously reported from local mammals and vegetation. A total of 16 ticks, I. turdus and Haemaphysalis flava, were collected from 8 fresh carcasses belonging to 5 avian species. Despite their known abundance on migratory birds and mainland Korea, these species had not colonized the isolated insular ecosystem possibly due to the low abundance and diversity of local hosts. The results imply that increasing human impact, such as the anthropogenic mortality of migratory birds and the introduction of non-native mammalian hosts, will increase the potential invasion and colonization risk of ticks. This finding also suggests that tick surveillance consisting of fresh carcasses of dead migratory birds may provide additional information, often ignored in surveillance of ticks on live birds, for the potential introduction of non-native ticks and associated pathogens affecting animal and human health.

Citations

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Comparative population genetic structure of the mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene of Haemaphysalis flava (Acari: Ixodidae) between Nantong, China, and regions along the East Asia-Australasian Flyway
Jing Su, Wei-Bing Zhang, Bin Sun, Xin Zhang, Yun-Peng Zhai, Jian-Ming Yuan
Experimental and Applied Acarology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Ixodid ticks from wild and domestic animals in East and Central Asian flyways
Hye-Ryung Byun, Mi-Sun Rieu, Sun-Woo Han, Seong-Ryeong Ji, Hyun-Young Nam, Seulgi Seo, Chang-Yong Choi, Bui Khanh Linh, Hien Le Thanh, Morakot Kaewthamasorn, Ana Sahara, Remil L. Galay, Shang-Lin Wang, Tuvshinjargal Erdenechimeg, Nyambayar Batbayar, Shin
Acta Tropica.2024; 249: 107091. CrossRef

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Monitoring of Pyrethroid Resistance Allele Frequency in the Common Bed Bug (Cimex lectularius) in the Republic of Korea: Susie Cho, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Terry A. Klein, Deok Ho Kwon, Si Hyeock Lee, Ju Hyeon Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(1):99-102.
Published online February 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.1.99

Abstract
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Two-point mutations (V419L and L925I) on the voltage-sensitive sodium channel of bed bugs (Cimex lectularius) are known to confer pyrethroid resistance. To determine the status of pyrethroid resistance in bed bugs in Korea, resistance allele frequencies of bed bug strains collected from several US military installations in Korea and Mokpo, Jeollanamdo, from 2009-2019 were monitored using a quantitative sequencing. Most bed bugs were determined to have both of the point mutations except a few specimens, collected in 2009, 2012 and 2014, having only a single point mutation (L925I). No susceptible allele was observed in any of the bed bugs examined, suggesting that pyrethroid resistance in bed bug populations in Korea has reached a serious level. Large scale monitoring is required to increase our knowledge on the distribution and prevalence of pyrethroid resistance in bed bug populations in Korea. Based on present study, it is urgent to restrict the use of pyrethroids and to introduce effective alternative insecticides. A nation-wide monitoring program to determine the pyrethroid resistance level in bed bugs and to select alternative insecticides should be implemented.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Toxicodynamic and toxicokinetic mechanisms underlying deltamethrin resistance and dinotefuran cross-resistance in two resistant strains of common bed bug, Cimex lectularius
Susie Cho, Hyun Kyu Shin, Heung Chul Kim, J. Marshall Clark, Si Hyeock Lee, Ju Hyeon Kim
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology.2026; 217: 106874. CrossRef
Widespread fixation of kdr-associated mutations in temporal samples of Cimex lectularius collected from multi-unit buildings
Jin-Jia Yu, Warren Booth, Changlu Wang
Journal of Pest Science.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Multiple mechanisms associated with deltamethrin and imidacloprid resistance in field-collected common bed bug, Cimex lectularius L.
Jin-Jia Yu, Shao-Hung Lee, Chow-Yang Lee, Changlu Wang
Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology.2025; 210: 106357. CrossRef
Global Perspective of Insecticide Resistance in Bed Bugs and Management Options
Chow‐Yang Lee
Entomological Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Population genetics as a tool to understand invasion dynamics and insecticide resistance in indoor urban pest insects
Warren Booth
Current Opinion in Insect Science.2024; 62: 101166. CrossRef
Species identification and pyrethroid resistance genotyping of recently resurgent Cimex lectularius and Cimex hemipterus in Korea
Susie Cho, Heung Chul Kim, Hoonsik Eom, Jae Rok Lee, Chung Hyun Ko, E-hyun Shin, Won Kyu Lee, Si Hyeock Lee, Ju Hyeon Kim
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(2): 251. CrossRef
2023–2024년 국내에서 발생한 빈대의 분포 조사
기훈 김, 선란 조, 희일 이
Public Health Weekly Report.2024; 17(45): 1956. CrossRef
Decade long upsurge in mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in bed bug populations in the USA
Cari D. Lewis, Brenna A. Levine, Coby Schal, Edward L. Vargo, Warren Booth
Journal of Pest Science.2023; 96(1): 415. CrossRef
The Efficacy of a Pyrethroid-impregnated Mattress Liner on Multiple International Strains ofCimex lectularius(Hemiptera: Cimicidae) andCimex hemipterus(Hemiptera: Cimicidae)
Xin-Yeng Leong, Chow-Yang Lee, G Veera Singham, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Richard Naylor, Alexia Naylor, Dini M Miller, Morgan M Wilson, David G Lilly, Stephen L Doggett, Changlu Wang
Journal of Economic Entomology.2023; 116(1): 19. CrossRef
Insecticide Resistance of Cimex lectularius L. Populations and the Performance of Selected Neonicotinoid-Pyrethroid Mixture Sprays and an Inorganic Dust
Jin-Jia Yu, Sabita Ranabhat, Changlu Wang
Insects.2023; 14(2): 133. CrossRef
The first recent case ofCimex hemipterus(Hemiptera: Cimicidae) withsuper-kdrmutations in the Republic of Korea
Susie Cho, E-hyun Shin, Ho Cheol Ju, Eui Seok Jeong, Si Hyeock Lee, Ju Hyeon Kim, Warren Booth
Journal of Medical Entomology.2023; 60(4): 822. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Distribution of Rickettsia spp. in Ticks from Northwestern and Southwestern Provinces, Republic of Korea: Ju Jiang, Yeon-Joo Choi, Jeoungyeon Kim, Heung-Chul Kim, Terry A Klein, Sung-Tae Chong, Allen L. Richards, Hye-Jin Park, Sun-Hye Shin, Dayoung Song, Kyung-Hee Park, Won-Jong Jang; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(2):161-166.
Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.161

Abstract
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This study was done to characterize distribution of Rickettsia spp. in ticks in the northwestern and southwestern provinces in the Republic of Korea. A total of 2,814 ticks were collected between May and September 2009. After pooling, 284 tick DNA samples were screened for a gene of Rickettsia-specific 17-kDa protein using nested PCR (nPCR), and produced 88 nPCR positive samples. Of these positives, 75% contained 190-kDa outer membrane protein gene (ompA), 50% 120-kDa outer membrane protein gene (ompB), and 64.7% gene D (sca4). The nPCR products of ompA, ompB, and sca4 genes revealed close relatedness to Rickettsia japonica, R. heilongjiangensis, and R. monacensis. Most Rickettsia species were detected in Haemaphysalis longicornis. This tick was found a dominant vector of rickettsiae in the study regions in the Republic of Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Projecting the potential distribution of Rickettsia japonica in China and Asian adjacent regions under climate change using the Maxent model
Xiaoxu Wang, Meng Shang, Zihao Wang, Haoqiang Ji, Zhenxu Wang, Qiyong Liu
Frontiers in Public Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Diversity and spread of cytoplasmic incompatibility genes among maternally inherited symbionts
Julien Amoros, Marie Buysse, Anna Maria Floriano, Bouziane Moumen, Fabrice Vavre, Didier Bouchon, Olivier Duron, Seth Bordenstein
PLOS Genetics.2025; 21(9): e1011856. CrossRef
Molecular Identification of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae in Ticks in the Republic of Korea
Ji-Ye Seo, Jin-Seo Park, Hee-Il Lee, Jung-Won Ju
Pathogens.2024; 13(7): 575. CrossRef
Molecular Detection of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Humans in the Republic of Korea, 2021
Ji-Ye Seo, Yu-Jung Kim, Seong-Yoon Kim, Hee-Il Lee
Pathogens.2023; 12(6): 802. CrossRef
Spotted Fever Group Rickettsia Infecting Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae), Yak (Bos grunniens), and Tibetan Sheep (Ovis aries) in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau Area, China
Yong-Cai He, Ji-Xu Li, Ya-Li Sun, Ming Kang, Hong-Xuan He, Yun-Hai Guo, Ping Ma, Yao-Ping Wei, Rui-Shan Li, Wang-Kai Chen, Zhi-Hong Chen, Jing Li, Tong-Sheng Qi, Jin-Fang Yang, Qing-Xun Zhang, Ye Wang, Jin-Shan Cai, Quan-Bang Zhao, Guang-Wei Hu, Ji-Yong C
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Recent Progress on Tick-Borne Animal Diseases of Veterinary and Public Health Significance in China
Weijuan Jia, Si Chen, Shanshan Chi, Yunjiang He, Linzhu Ren, Xueli Wang
Viruses.2022; 14(2): 355. CrossRef
Utility of ultra-rapid real-time PCR for detection and prevalence of Rickettsia spp. in ticks
A-Tai Truong, Bo-Ram Yun, Mi-Sun Yoo, Jiyeon Lim, Subin Min, Soon-Seek Yoon, Young-Min Yun, Jong-Taek Kim, Yun Sang Cho
BMC Veterinary Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular detection of spotted fever group rickettsiae in hedgehogs (Erinaceus amurensis) and hedgehog-attached ticks in Xuyi County, Southeast China
Changqiang Zhu, Lele Ai, Yong Qi, Yunsheng Liu, Hong Li, Fuqiang Ye, Qiuwei Wang, Yizhe Luo, Weilong Tan, Chunmeng Shi
Experimental and Applied Acarology.2022; 88(1): 97. CrossRef
Detection of Multiple Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens in Haemaphysalis flava Ticks Collected from Hedgehogs in Central China
Li-Zhu Fang, Si-Cong Lei, Zhi-Jian Yan, Xiao Xiao, Jian-Wei Liu, Xiao-Qing Gong, Hao Yu, Xue-Jie Yu
Pathogens.2021; 10(2): 115. CrossRef
Geographic distribution and modeling of ticks in the Republic of Korea and the application of tick models towards understanding the distribution of associated pathogenic agents
Heidi K. St. John, Penny Masuoka, Ju Jiang, Ratree Takhampunya, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Jin-Won Song, Yu-Jin Kim, Christina M. Farris, Allen L. Richards
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2021; 12(4): 101686. CrossRef
Detection ofRickettsia lusitaniaeAmongOrnithodoros sawaiiSoft Ticks Collected From Japanese Murrelet Seabird Nest Material From Gugul Island, Republic of Korea
Heung-Chul Kim, Ju Jiang, Jun Hang, Su Yeon Kim, Seok-Min Yun, Chang-uk Park, Miran Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Christina M Farris, Allen L Richards, Terry A Klein, Kevin Macaluso
Journal of Medical Entomology.2021; 58(3): 1376. CrossRef
iSeq 100 for metagenomic pathogen screening in ticks
Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Alghurabi Areej Sabri Mahdi, Tai-Soon Yong
Parasites & Vectors.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Identification and distribution of nine tick-borne spotted fever group Rickettsiae in the Country of Georgia
Roena Sukhiashvili, Ekaterine Zhgenti, Ekaterine Khmaladze, Irma Burjanadze, Paata Imnadze, Ju Jiang, Heidi St. John, Christina M. Farris, Theresa Gallagher, Richard J. Obiso, Allen L. Richards
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2020; 11(5): 101470. CrossRef

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Identification of Tick Species Collected from Wild Boars and Habitats of Wild Boars and Domestic Pigs in the Republic of Korea: Jeong-Byoung Chae, Jun-Gu Kang, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, In-Yong Lee, Nam-Shik Shin, Joon-Seok Chae; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(2):185-191.
Published online April 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.2.185

Abstract
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Tick is one of the most important arthropods in the transmission of vector-borne diseases. In this study, we investigated the abundance and species of ticks associated with swine and their habitats to assess the risk of spread of tick-borne diseases in host species, such as wild boars. Ticks were collected from 24 grazing or traditionally reared domestic pig farms and 8 habitats of wild boars in 8 provinces and 1 city in the Republic of Korea, by using the dragging and flagging methods. Ticks were also collected directly from 49 wild boars by using fine forceps. A total of 9,846 hard ticks were collected, including 4,977 Haemaphysalis longicornis, 4,313 Haemaphysalis flava, 508 Ixodes nipponensis, 1 Ixodes turdus, and 47 Amblyomma testudinarium. A total of 240 hard ticks were collected from 49 wild boars, including 109 H. flava, 84 H. longicornis, and 47 A. testudinarium. A total of 578 hard ticks were collected from areas around domestic pig farms. Only 2 hard tick species, 546 H. longicornis and 32 H. flava, were collected from these areas. A total of 9,028 hard ticks were collected from wild boars of 8 habitats, including 4,347 H. longicornis, 4,172 H. flava, 508 I. nipponensis, and 1 I. turdus. A. testudinarium was collected only from wild boars, and I. nipponensis and I. turdus were collected only from the habitats of wild boars.

Citations

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Comparative distribution and population genetics of bisexual and parthenogenetic Asian longhorned tick (Haemaphysalis longicornis) in the Republic of Korea
Jiseok Kim, Donghun Kim
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2025; 16(4): 102507. CrossRef
First Serologic Analysis of Antibodies Against African Swine Fever Virus Detected in Domestic Pig Farms in South Korea from 2019 to 2024
Seong-Keun Hong, Mugyeom Moon, Ki-Hyun Cho, Hae-Eun Kang, Jong-Soo Lee, Yeon-Hee Kim
Pathogens.2025; 14(6): 581. CrossRef
Detection of Porcine Circovirus Type 3 in Free-Ranging Wild Boars and Ticks in Jiangsu Province, China
Fanqi Sun, Meng Li, Yi Wang, Wangkun Cheng, Meirong Li, Changlin Deng, Xianwei Wang, Zhen Yang
Viruses.2025; 17(8): 1049. CrossRef
Checklist of hosts, illustrated geographical range, and ecology of tick species from the genus Ixodes (Acari, Ixodidae) in Russia and other post-Soviet countries
Denis Fedorov, Sándor Hornok
ZooKeys.2024; 1201: 255. CrossRef
Three Years of African Swine Fever in South Korea (2019–2021): A Scoping Review of Epidemiological Understanding
Jun-Sik Lim, Mathieu Andraud, Eutteum Kim, Timothée Vergne, Theodore J. D. Knight-Jones
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
Molecular detection of Rickettsia amblyommatis and Rickettsia parkeri in ticks collected from wild pigs in Campeche, Mexico
Andrés M. López-Pérez, Sokani Sánchez-Montes, Brenda Aline Maya-Badillo, Guillermo Orta-Pineda, Saúl Reveles-Félix, Ingeborg Becker, Karla Bárcenas-Barreto, Adán Torres-Monroy, Rafael Ojeda-Flores, José Iván Sánchez-Betancourt
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2022; 13(1): 101844. CrossRef
Understanding the transmission of African swine fever in wild boars of South Korea: A simulation study for parameter estimation
Jun‐Hee Han, Dae‐Sung Yoo, Son‐Il Pak, Eu‐Tteum Kim
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Introduction of Non-Native Ticks Collected from Fresh Migratory Bird Carcasses on a Stopover Island in the Republic of Korea
Chang-Yong Choi, Heung-Chul Kim, Terry A. Klein, Hyun-Young Nam, Gi-Chang Bing
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(1): 57. CrossRef
Molecular Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia Species in Ticks Removed from Humans in the Republic of Korea
Yu-Jung Kim, Ji Ye Seo, Seong Yoon Kim, Hee Il Lee
Microorganisms.2022; 10(6): 1224. CrossRef
Comparative mitogenomics elucidates the population genetic structure of Amblyomma testudinarium in Japan and a closely related Amblyomma species in Myanmar
Wessam Mohamed Ahmed Mohamed, Mohamed Abdallah Mohamed Moustafa, May June Thu, Keita Kakisaka, Elisha Chatanga, Shohei Ogata, Naoki Hayashi, Yurie Taya, Yuma Ohari, Doaa Naguib, Yongjin Qiu, Keita Matsuno, Saw Bawm, Lat Lat Htun, Stephen C. Barker, Ken Ka
Evolutionary Applications.2022; 15(7): 1062. CrossRef
Detection of Japanese Encephalitis Virus RNA in Host-Questing Ticks in Japan, 2019–2020
Daisuke Kobayashi, Ryusei Kuwata, Toshiya Kimura, Astri Nur Faizah, Faustus Akankperiwen Azerigyik, Yukiko Higa, Toshihiko Hayashi, Kyoko Sawabe, Haruhiko Isawa
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2022; 106(6): 1725. CrossRef
Seasonal activity of Haemaphysalis longicornis and Haemaphysalis flava (Acari: Ixodida), vectors of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus, and their SFTS virus harboring rates in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea
Hong Geun Kim, Minhyung Jung, Doo-Hyung Lee
Experimental and Applied Acarology.2022; 87(1): 97. CrossRef
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Laura H. Backus, Emily L. Pascoe, Janet Foley
Trends in Parasitology.2022; 38(9): 805. CrossRef
Detection of Multiple Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens in Haemaphysalis flava Ticks Collected from Hedgehogs in Central China
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Olaf Ciebiera, Andżelina Łopińska, Grzegorz Gabryś
Parasitology Research.2021; 120(5): 1781. CrossRef
Seasonal distribution of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) and detection of SFTS virus in Gyeongbuk Province, Republic of Korea, 2018
JaeSeok Lee, KyungHwan Moon, Myeonghwan Kim, Wook-Gyo Lee, Hee-II Lee, Jong Kyun Park, Young Ho Kim
Acta Tropica.2021; 221: 106012. CrossRef
Transmission Dynamics of African Swine Fever Virus, South Korea, 2019
Dae Sung Yoo, Younjung Kim, Eune Sub Lee, Jun Sik Lim, Seong Keun Hong, Il Seob Lee, Chung Sik Jung, Ha Chung Yoon, Sung Hwan Wee, Dirk U. Pfeiffer, Guillaume Fournié
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2021; 27(7): 1909. CrossRef
iSeq 100 for metagenomic pathogen screening in ticks
Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Alghurabi Areej Sabri Mahdi, Tai-Soon Yong
Parasites & Vectors.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Hard Ticks as Vectors Tested Negative for Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome in Ganghwa-do, Korea during 2019-2020
Kyoung Jin, Yeon-Ja Koh, Seong Kyu Ahn, Joonghee Cho, Junghwan Lim, Jaeyong Song, Jinyoung Lee, Young Woo Gong, Mun Ju Kwon, Hyung Wook Kwon, Young Yil Bahk, Tong-Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 281. CrossRef
A survey of proteins in midgut contents of the tick, Haemaphysalis flava, by proteome and transcriptome analysis
Li-Li Feng, Tian-Yin Cheng
Experimental and Applied Acarology.2020; 80(2): 269. CrossRef
Red meat allergy: clinical characteristics
Sejin Kim, Jaechun Lee, Ara Ko
Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease.2020; 8(3): 142. CrossRef
Identification and molecular analysis of Ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting wild boars (Sus scrofa) and tick-borne pathogens at the Meihua mountain of southwestern Fujian, China
Xin Wang, Xiaoshuang Sun, Yankuo Sun, Kexin Chen, Kaiyao Zhang, Weihua Xu, Kewei Fan, Weiming Lin, Tengteng Chen, Xipan Lin, Kaixiong Lin, Hung-chuan Chiu, Cuiqin Huang
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Seasonal Occurrence of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) and Haemaphysalis flava, Vectors of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) in South Korea
Minhyung Jung, Jung-Wook Kho, Wook-Gyo Lee, Jong Yul Roh, Doo-Hyung Lee
Journal of Medical Entomology.2019; 56(4): 1139. CrossRef
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Jeong-Byoung Chae, Young-Sun Cho, Yoon-Kyoung Cho, Jun-Gu Kang, Nam-Shik Shin, Joon-Seok Chae
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(3): 319. CrossRef
Four Year Surveillance of the Vector Hard Ticks for SFTS, Ganghwa-do, Republic of Korea
Myung-Deok Kim-Jeon, Seung Jegal, Hojong Jun, Haneul Jung, Seo Hye Park, Seong Kyu Ahn, Jinyoung Lee, Young Woo Gong, Kwangsig Joo, Mun Ju Kwon, Jong Yul Roh, Wook-Gyo Lee, Young Yil Bahk, Tong-Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 691. CrossRef

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29 Web of Science
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Brief Communications

Ornithodoros sawaii (Ixodida: Argasidae) Larvae Collected from Hydrobates monorhis on Sogugul and Gaerin Islands, Jeollanam-do (Province), Republic of Korea: Heung-Chul Kim, Chang-Yong Choi, Young-Soo Kwon, Seok-Min Yun, Won-Ja Lee, Sung-Tae Chong, Richard G. Robbins, Terry A. Klein; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(2):233-238.
Published online April 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.2.233

Abstract
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The 65th Medical Brigade and Public Health Command District-Korea, in collaboration with the Migratory Bird Research Center, National Park Research Institute, conducted migratory bird tick surveillance at Sogugul and Gaerin Islands (small rocky bird nesting sites), Jeollanam-do (Province), Republic of Korea (ROK), on 30 July and 1 August 2009. Breeding seabirds captured by hands in their nesting burrows were banded, identified to species, and carefully examined for ticks during the nesting season. A total of 9 Ornithodoros sawaii larvae were removed from 4 adult Hydrobates monorhis (Swinhoe’s storm petrel). The identification of the larvae of O. sawaii collected from migratory seabirds were molecularly confirmed using mitochondrial 16S rDNA primer sets.

Citations

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Surveillance of African swine fever infection in wildlife and environmental samples in Gangwon-do
Sangjin Ahn, Jong-Taek Kim
Korean Journal of Veterinary Service.2022; 45(1): 13. CrossRef
Detection ofRickettsia lusitaniaeAmongOrnithodoros sawaiiSoft Ticks Collected From Japanese Murrelet Seabird Nest Material From Gugul Island, Republic of Korea
Heung-Chul Kim, Ju Jiang, Jun Hang, Su Yeon Kim, Seok-Min Yun, Chang-uk Park, Miran Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Christina M Farris, Allen L Richards, Terry A Klein, Kevin Macaluso
Journal of Medical Entomology.2021; 58(3): 1376. CrossRef
First detection of Borrelia and Rickettsia species from Ornithodoros ticks in the Republic of Korea
Sun-Woo Han, Jeong-Byoung Chae, Young-Sun Jo, Yoon-Kyoung Cho, Jun-Gu Kang, Nam-Shik Shin, Hee-Jeong Youn, Hwa-Young Youn, Hyang-Mi Nam, Hyun-Joo Kim, Hae-Eun Kang, Joon-Seok Chae
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2021; 12(4): 101689. CrossRef
Infestation of small seabirds by Ornithodoros maritimus ticks: Effects on chick body condition, reproduction and associated infectious agents
Ana Sanz-Aguilar, Ana Payo-Payo, Andreu Rotger, Lena Yousfi, Sara Moutailler, Cecile Beck, Marine Dumarest, José Manuel Igual, Miguel Ángel Miranda, Mariana Viñas Torres, Virginia Picorelli, Amandine Gamble, Thierry Boulinier
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2020; 11(1): 101281. CrossRef
First Report of Newly Identified Ornithodoros Species in the Republic of Korea
Sun-Woo Han, Jeong-Byoung Chae, Young-Sun Jo, Yoon-Kyoung Cho, Jun-Gu Kang, Nam-Shik Shin, Hee-Jeong Youn, Hwa-Young Youn, Hyang-Mi Nam, Hyun-Joo Kim, Hae-Eun Kang, Joon-Seok Chae
Journal of Parasitology.2020; 106(5): 546. CrossRef

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Prevalence of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. in Ticks Collected from Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus): Jun-Gu Kang, Sungjin Ko, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Terry A. Klein, Jeong-Byoung Chae, Yong-Sun Jo, Kyoung-Seong Choi, Do-Hyeon Yu, Bae-Keun Park, Jinho Park, Joon-Seok Chae; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):87-91.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.87

Abstract
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Deer serve as reservoirs of tick-borne pathogens that impact on medical and veterinary health worldwide. In the Republic of Korea, the population of Korean water deer (KWD, Hydropotes inermis argyropus) has greatly increased from 1982 to 2011, in part, as a result of reforestation programs established following the Korean War when much of the land was barren of trees. Eighty seven Haemaphysalis flava, 228 Haemaphysalis longicornis, 8 Ixodes nipponensis, and 40 Ixodes persulcatus (21 larvae, 114 nymphs, and 228 adults) were collected from 27 out of 70 KWD. A total of 89/363 ticks (266 pools, 24.5% minimum infection rate) and 5 (1.4%) fed ticks were positive for Anaplasma phagocytophilum using nested PCR targeting the 16S rRNA and groEL genes, respectively. The 16S rRNA gene fragment sequences of 88/89 (98.9%) of positive samples for A. phagocytophilum corresponded to previously described gene sequences from KWD spleen tissues. The 16S rRNA gene fragment sequences of 20/363 (5.5%) of the ticks were positive for A. bovis and were identical to previously reported sequences. Using the ITS specific nested PCR, 11/363 (3.0%) of the ticks were positive for Bartonella spp. This is the first report of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. detected in ticks collected from KWD, suggesting that ticks are vectors of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. between reservoir hosts in natural surroundings.

Citations

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Nationwide Geographical and Temporal Distribution of Tick-Borne Diseases in Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)
Beoul Kim, Su-Jin Chae, You-Jeong Lee, Haksub Shin, Sunmin Kwak, Hyesung Jeong, Suwoong Lee, Dongmi Kwak, Min-Goo Seo
Animals.2025; 15(10): 1499. CrossRef
Molecular detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Rickettsia monacensis in trombiculid mite pools collected from wild rodents in Korea: Implications for potential mite-borne transmission
Dong-Jae Yu, Dong-Min Kim, Choon-Mee Kim, Hyeon Je Song, Jeong-Chi Lee
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2025; 133: 105789. CrossRef
Phylogeny analysis of Bartonella genus in hard tick samples associated to domestic animals in west of Iran
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Intestinal Nematodes from Small Mammals Captured near the Demilitarized Zone, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea: Deok-Gyu Kim, Jae-Hwan Park, Jae-Lip Kim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sarah Jiyoun Jeon, Hyemi Lim, Mi Youn Lee, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Jin-Won Song, Luck-Ju Baek, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(1):135-139.
Published online February 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.1.135

Abstract
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A total of 1,708 small mammals (1,617 rodents and 91 soricomorphs), including Apodemus agrarius (n = 1,400), Microtus fortis (167), Crocidura lasiura (91), Mus musculus (32), Myodes (= Eothenomys) regulus (9), Micromys minutus (6), and Tscherskia (= Cricetulus) triton (3), were live-trapped at US/Republic of Korea (ROK) military training sites near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) of Paju, Pocheon, and Yeoncheon, Gyeonggi Province from December 2004 to December 2009. Small mammals were examined for their intestinal nematodes by necropsy. A total of 1,617 rodents (100%) and 91 (100%) soricomorphs were infected with at least 1 nematode species, including Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia obvelata, Heterakis spumosa, Protospirura muris, Capillaria spp., Trichuris muris, Rictularia affinis, and an unidentified species. N. brasiliensis was the most common species infecting small mammals (1,060; 62.1%) followed by H. polygyrus (617; 36.1%), S. obvelata (370; 21.7%), H. spumosa (314; 18.4%), P. muris (123; 7.2%), and Capillaria spp. (59; 3.5%). Low infection rates (0.1-0.8%) were observed for T. muris, R. affinis, and an unidentified species. The number of recovered worms was highest for N. brasiliensis (21,623 worms; mean 20.4 worms/infected specimen) followed by S. obvelata (9,235; 25.0 worms), H. polygyrus (4,122; 6.7 worms), and H. spumosa (1,160; 3.7 worms). A. agrarius demonstrated the highest prevalence for N. brasiliensis (70.9%), followed by M. minutus (50.0%), T. triton (33.3%), M. fortis (28.1%), M. musculus (15.6%), C. lasiura (13.2%), and M. regulus (0%). This is the first report of nematode infections in small mammals captured near the DMZ in ROK.

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Original Article

Ticks Collected from Wild and Domestic Animals and Natural Habitats in the Republic of Korea: Baek-Jun Kim, Hyewon Kim, Sohyun Won, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Terry A. Klein, Ki-Gyoung Kim, Hong-Yul Seo, Joon-Seok Chae; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(3):281-285.
Published online June 26, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.3.281

Abstract
PDF

Ticks were collected from 35 animals from 5 provinces and 3 metropolitan cities during 2012. Ticks also were collected by tick drag from 4 sites in Gyeonggi-do (2) and Jeollabuk-do (2) Provinces. A total of 612 ticks belonging to 6 species and 3 genera were collected from mammals and a bird (n=573) and by tick drag (n=39). Haemaphyalis longicornis (n=434) was the most commonly collected tick, followed by H. flava (158), Ixodes nipponensis (11), Amblyomma testudinarium (7), H. japonica (1), and H. formosensis (1). H. longicornis and H. flava were collected from all animal hosts examined. For animal hosts (n>1), the highest Tick Index (TI) was observed for domestic dogs (29.6), followed by Siberian roe deer (17.4), water deer (14.4), and raccoon dogs (1.3). A total of 402 H. longicornis (adults 86, 21.4%; nymphs 160, 39.8%; larvae 156, 38.9%) were collected from wild and domestic animals. A total of 158 H. flava (n=158) were collected from wild and domestic animals and 1 ring-necked pheasant, with a higher proportion of adults (103, 65.2%), while nymphs and larvae only accounted for 12.7% (20) and 22.2% (35), respectively. Only 7 A. testudinarium were collected from the wild boar (6 adults) and Eurasian badger (1 nymph), while only 5 I. nipponensis were collected from the water deer (4 adults) and a raccoon dog (1 adult). One adult female H. formosensis was first collected from vegetation by tick drag from Mara Island, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do Province.

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Brief Communications

Larval Chigger Mites Collected from Small Mammals in 3 Provinces, Korea: In-Yong Lee, Hyeon-Je Song, Yeon-Joo Choi, Sun-Hye Shin, Min-Kyung Choi, So-Hyun Kwon, E-Hyun Shin, Chan Park, Heung-Chul Kim, Terry A. Klein, Kyung-Hee Park, Won-Jong Jang; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(2):225-229.
Published online April 18, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.2.225

Abstract
PDF

A total of 9,281 larval chigger mites were collected from small mammals captured at Hwaseong-gun, Gyeonggi-do (Province) (2,754 mites from 30 small mammals), Asan city, Chungcheongnam-do (3,358 mites from 48 mammals), and Jangseong-gun, Jeollanam-do (3,169 for 62 mammals) from April-November 2009 in the Republic of Korea (= Korea) and were identified to species. Leptotrombidium pallidum was the predominant species in Hwaseong (95.8%) and Asan (61.2%), while Leptotrombidium scutellare was the predominant species collected from Jangseong (80.1%). Overall, larval chigger mite indices decreased from April (27.3) to June (4.9), then increased in September (95.2) and to a high level in November (169.3). These data suggest that L. pallidum and L. scutellare are the primary vectors of scrub typhus throughout their range in Korea. While other species of larval chigger mites were also collected with some implications in the transmission of Orientia tsutsugamushi, they only accounted for 11.2% of all larval chigger mites collected from small mammals.

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Seroepidemiological Survey of Zoonotic Diseases in Small Mammals with PCR Detection of Orientia tsutsugamushi in Chiggers, Gwangju, Korea
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Echinostome Infections in the Striped-Field Mouse, Apodemus agrarius, and the Ussuri White-Toothed Shrew, Crocidura lasiura, Caught Near the Demilitarized Zone, Gyeonggi-do (Province), Republic of Korea: Jong-Yil Chai, Jae-Hwan Park, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sang-Mee Guk, Jae-Lip Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Luck Ju Baek, Jin-Won Song; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(3):311-314.
Published online August 28, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.3.311

Abstract
PDF

A total of 1,498 small mammals (rodents and insectivores), including Apodemus agrarius (n = 1,366), Crocidura lasiura (54), Mus musculus (32), Micronytus fortis (28), Eothenomys regulus (9), Micronys minutes (6), and Cricetulus triton (3), were live-trapped in Gyeonggi-do (Province) (Paju-si, Pocheon-gun, and Yeoncheon-gun) near the demilitarized zone (DMZ) from December 2004 to September 2005. A. agrarius was found to be infected with 3 species of echinostomes (Echinostoma hortense, Echinostoma cinetorchis, and Euparyphium murinum), while C. lasiura was infected with 1 species (Echinochasmus japonicas) of echinostome. Other mammals were free from echinostome infections. Total 16 E. hortense were detected in 7 (0.5%) mice, 9 E. cinetorchis from 5 (0.4%), and 3 E. murinum from 2 (0.1%) out of 1.366 A. agrarius examined. E. japonicus was found only in 1 (1.9%; total 3 specimens) C. lasiura. These results demonstrate that A. agrarius and C. lasiura, inhabiting near the DMZ of Gyeonggi-do serve as the natural definitive hosts for several species of echinostomes, although their infection rates are low. This is the first record of natural infections of A. agrarius with E. cinetorchis and C. lasiura with E. japonicus in the Republic of Korea.

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Seongjun Choe, Dongmin Lee, Hansol Park, Mihyeon Oh, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Youngsun Lee, Ki-Jeong Na, Youngjun Kim, Hang Lee, Keeseon S. Eom
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(5): 513. CrossRef
Intestinal Helminthic Infections in Striped Field Mice,Apodemus agrarius, from Two Southern Regions of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Hyeon-Je Song, Chung-Mo Kim, Gi-Jin Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(4): 419. CrossRef
Intestinal Parasites among Wild Rodents in Northern Gangwon-do, Korea
Young-Il Lee, Hee-Jang Pyeon, Min Seo
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2013; 51(5): 603. CrossRef
Trematodes Recovered in the Small Intestine of Stray Cats in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Young Yil Bahk, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2013; 51(1): 99. CrossRef
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Jong-Yil Chai
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Apodemus agrarius as a new definitive host for Neodiplostomum seoulense: Jong-Yil Chai, Jae-Hwan Park, Sang-Mee Guk, Jae-Lip Kim, Hyo-Jin Kim, Won-Hee Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Jin-Won Song, Luck-Ju Baek; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(2):157-161.
Published online June 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.2.157

Abstract
PDF

A total of 1,496 rodents and insectivores were live-trapped at Yeoncheon-gun (n = 351), Paju-shi (804), and Pocheon-gun (343), Gyeonggi-do (Province), and examined for intestinal helminths, including Neodiplostomum seoulense, seasonally from December 2004 to September 2005. Six species of rodents, including Apodemus agrarius (1,366), Mus musculus (32), Micronytus fortis (28), Eothenomys regulus (9), Micronys minutus (6), and Cricetulus triton (3), and 1 species of insectivores Crocidura lasiura (54) were collected. A total of 321 adult N. seoulense were collected from 19 (1.4%) A. agrarius. The worm burden ranged from 1 to 101 per A. agrarius (mean; 16.9). No N. seoulense was observed in other rodent or insectivore species examined. The infection rate during autumn (4.5%) was higher than those during spring (0.8%), summer (0.8%), and winter (0.5%). The average number of N. seoulense in infected A. agrarius was the highest in spring (66.0 specimens), followed by autumn (15.2), winter (4.5), and summer (3.3). This study first confirms that A. agrarius is a natural definitive host for N. seoulense, and demonstrates that the infection rates and intensities vary seasonally and geographically.

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Intestinal Helminthic Infections in Striped Field Mice,Apodemus agrarius, from Two Southern Regions of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Hyeon-Je Song, Chung-Mo Kim, Gi-Jin Nam
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(4): 419. CrossRef
Trematodes Recovered in the Small Intestine of Stray Cats in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Young Yil Bahk, Woon-Mok Sohn
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Echinostome Infections in the Striped-Field Mouse, Apodemus agrarius, and the Ussuri White-Toothed Shrew, Crocidura lasiura, Caught Near the Demilitarized Zone, Gyeonggi-do (Province), Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Jae-Hwan Park, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sang-Mee Guk, Jae-Lip Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Luck Ju Baek, Jin-Won Song
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(3): 311. CrossRef
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Plagiorchis muris infection in Apodemus agrarius from northern Gyeonggi-do (Province) near the demilitarized zone: Jong-Yil Chai, Jae-Hwan Park, Sang-Mee Guk, Jae-Lip Kim, Hyo-Jin Kim, Won-Hee Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Jin-Won Song, Luck-Ju Baek; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(2):153-156.
Published online June 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.2.153

Abstract
PDF

The small intestines of 6 species of rodents and 1 species of insectivore were examined seasonally for Plagiorchis muris infection in 3 different localities in northern Gyeonggi-do (Province), near the demilitarized zone (DMZ). A total of 1,496 animals, including 1,366 Apodemus agrarius, 54 Crocidura lasiura (insectivore), 32 Mus musculus, 28 Micronytus fortis, 9 Eothenomys regulus, 6 Micronys minutus, and 3 Cricetulus triton, were live-trapped at Yeoncheon-gun (n = 351), Paju-shi (804) and Pocheon-gun (343) at 3-mo intervals from December 2004 to September 2005. A total of 1,647 P. muris were collected from 72 (5.3%) A. agrarius. The infection rate was the highest in Pocheon-gun (8.2%), followed by Yeoncheon-gun (5.0%) and Paju-shi (4.2%). A higher infection rate was observed in A. agrarius captured during September (19.4%) than those captured during December (3.0%), June (2.6%), or April (0%). However, the worm burden was the highest in June (av. 32.1/animal), followed by September (24.7), December (4.0), and April (0). None of the other animal species were found infected with P. muris. The results reveal that A. agrarius is a natural definitive host for P. muris, and infection rates and worm burdens vary seasonally and geographically.

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Jong-Yil Chai, Jae-Hwan Park, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sang-Mee Guk, Jae-Lip Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Luck Ju Baek, Jin-Won Song
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Original Article

Late season commercial mosquito trap and host seeking activity evaluation against mosquitoes in a malarious area of the Republic of Korea: Douglas A. Burkett, Won-Ja Lee, Kwan-Woo Lee, Heung-Chul Kim, Hee-Il Lee, Jong-Soo Lee, E-Hyun Shin, Robert A. Wirtz, Hae-Wol Cho, David M. Claborn, Russel E. Coleman, Wan Y Kim, Terry A. Klein; Korean J Parasitol 2002;40(1):45-54.
Published online March 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2002.40.1.45

Abstract
PDF

Field trials evaluating selected commercially available mosquito traps variously baited with light, carbon dioxide, and/or octenol were conducted from 18-27 September 2000 in a malarious area near Paekyeon-ri (Tongil-Chon ) and Camp Greaves in Paju County, Kyonggi Province, Republic of Korea. The host-seeking activity for common mosquito species, including the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis, Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles, was determined using hourly aspirator collections from a human and propane lantern-baited Shannon trap during hours when temperatures exceeded 15℃. The total number of mosquitoes and number of each species captured during the test was compared using a block design. Significant differences were observed for the total number of mosquitoes collected, such that, the Mosquito MagnetTM with octenol > Shannon trap > ABC light trap with light and dry ice > Miniature Black Light trap (manufactured by John W. Hock) ≥ New Jersey Trap > ABC light trap with light only. Significant differences in numbers collected among traps were noted for several species including: Aedes vexans (Meigen), Anopheles lesteri Baisas and Hu, An. sinensis Weidemann, An. sineroides Yamada, An. yatsushiroensis Miyazaki, Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett L., Cx. orientalis Edwards and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus. Host-seeking activity for most common species showed a similar bimodal pattern. Results from these field trap evaluations can significantly enhance current vector and disease surveillance efforts especially for the primary vector of Japanese encephalitis, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus.

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