Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Mina Selseleh"

Brief Communication

Production and Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant GRA7 for Serodiagnosis of Human Infections: Mina Selseleh, Hossein Keshavarz, Mehdi Mohebali, Saeedeh Shojaee, Monavar Selseleh, Mohammad Reza Eshragian, Fatemeh Mansouri, Mohammad Hossein Modarressi; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(3):233-238.
Published online August 13, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.3.233

Abstract
PDF

The precise diagnosis of the acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women and immunocompromsied patients has critical importance. Most of the commercially available assays use the whole Toxoplasma soluble extract as the antigen. However, the assays currently available for the detection of specific anti-Toxoplasma antibodies may vary in their abilities to detect serum immunoglobulins, due to the lack of a purified standardized antigen. The aim of this study was production and evaluation of the usefulness of the recombinant Toxoplasma gondii GRA7 antigen for the serodiagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG by ELISA. A total of 70 T. gondii IgM positive sera, 74 T. gondii IgG positive sera, and 60 sera from subjects who were not infected with T. gondii were examined. These sera were shown different absorbance values in ELISA test. To control the specificity of the rGRA7 other parasitic diseases, for example, echinococcosis, malaria, leishmaniasis, fascioliasis, and strongyloidiasis were tested of which none showed positive results. Sensitivity and specificity of the generated recombinant IgG ELISA in comparison with commercial ELISA (com ELISA) were 89% and 90%, and the sensitivity and specificity of the generated recombinant IgM ELISA were 96% and 90%, respectively. The results obtained here show that this antigen is useful for diagnostic purposes.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

IgM Antibody Detection as a Diagnostic Marker for Acute Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies and Main Limitations
Karolina Sołowińska, Lucyna Holec-Gąsior
Antibodies.2025; 14(2): 44. CrossRef
Design of a Multi-epitope Antigen for Toxoplasmosis Diagnosis: An Immunoinformatics Approach
Negar Asadi, Elham Yousefi, Sadegh Feizollahzadeh, Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh, Shahram Khademvatan, Gordon S. Howarth
Acta Parasitologica.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Spread of Toxoplasmosis in Women within Al-Rifai District
Rehab Issa Hashem Suhail, Shimaa Ahmed Mutab Nayef, Teeba Sabah Daham Mohammed, Yaqeen Mohammed Mahmud, Abdalrhman Falah Omar Ali
European Journal of Medical and Health Research.2024; 2(4): 257. CrossRef
Trend in serological and molecular diagnostic methods for Toxoplasma gondii infection
Min-ju Kim, Soeun J. Park, Hyunwoo Park
European Journal of Medical Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparative Performance of Recombinant GRA6, GRA7, and GRA14 for the Serodetection of T. gondii Infection and Analysis of IgG Subclasses in Human Sera from the Philippines
Rochelle Haidee Ybañez, Yoshifumi Nishikawa
Pathogens.2022; 11(2): 277. CrossRef
Utility of blood as the clinical specimen for the diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis using uracil DNA glycosylase-supplemented loop-mediated isothermal amplification and real-time polymerase chain reaction assays based on REP-529 sequence and B1 gene
Bahman Rahimi Esboei, Shirzad Fallahi, Mohammad Zarei, Bahram Kazemi, Mehdi Mohebali, Saeedeh Shojaee, Parisa Mousavi, Aref Teimouri, Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh, Mirataollah Salabati, Hossein Keshavarz Valian
BMC Infectious Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Four Chemotherapeutic Compounds That Limit Blood-Brain-Barrier Invasion by Toxoplasma gondii
Zijing Yan, Hao Yuan, Junjie Wang, Zipeng Yang, Pian Zhang, Yasser S. Mahmmod, Xiaohu Wang, Tanghui Liu, Yining Song, Zhaowen Ren, Xiu-Xiang Zhang, Zi-Guo Yuan
Molecules.2022; 27(17): 5572. CrossRef
Assessment of an In-House Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and IgG Avidity Test Based on SAG1 and GRA7 Proteins for Discriminating between Acute and Chronic Toxoplasmosis in Humans
Aref Teimouri, Mohammad Javad Abbaszadeh Afshar, Sina Mohtasebi, Sanaz Jafarpour Azami, Rasoul Alimi, Hossein Keshavarz, Bobbi S. Pritt
Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Enhancing Immune Responses to a DNA Vaccine Encoding Toxoplasma gondii GRA7 Using Calcium Phosphate Nanoparticles as an Adjuvant
Hong-Chao Sun, Jing Huang, Yuan Fu, Li-Li Hao, Xin Liu, Tuan-Yuan Shi
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Designing Diagnostic Kit for Toxoplasma gondii Based on GRA7, SAG1, and ROP1 Antigens: An In Silico Strategy
Amirreza Javadi Mamaghani, Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei, Mohammad Mehdi Ranjbar, Ali Haghighi, Adel Spotin, Parisa Ataee Dizaji, Hanieh Rezaee
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics.2020; 26(4): 2269. CrossRef
Serological detection of T. gondii infection in humans using an immunochromatographic assay based on dense granule protein 7
Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez, Yoshifumi Nishikawa
Parasitology International.2020; 76: 102089. CrossRef
Detection of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in cats using an immunochromatographic test based on GRA7 antigen
Rochelle Haidee D. YBAÑEZ, Hisako KYAN, Yoshifumi NISHIKAWA
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science.2020; 82(4): 441. CrossRef
Review on the Current Trends of Toxoplasmosis Serodiagnosis in Humans
Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez, Adrian P. Ybañez, Yoshifumi Nishikawa
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Identification of novel antigens for serum IgG diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis
Juntao Luo, Jingyi Wan, Ziru Tang, Shuang Shen
Experimental Parasitology.2019; 204: 107722. CrossRef
Candidate antigenic epitopes for vaccination and diagnosis strategies of Toxoplasma gondii infection: A review
Amirreza Javadi Mamaghani, Anwar Fathollahi, Adel Spotin, Mohammad mehdi Ranjbar, Meisam Barati, Somayeh Aghamolaie, Maryam Karimi, Niloofar Taghipour, Mohammad Ashrafi, Seyyed Javad Seyyed Tabaei
Microbial Pathogenesis.2019; 137: 103788. CrossRef
Advances in serological, imaging techniques and molecular diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection
Ali Rostami, Panagiotis Karanis, Shirzad Fallahi
Infection.2018; 46(3): 303. CrossRef
Antigens to Detect the Acute Phase of Toxoplasmosis in Pregnant Women: Standardized Comparison
Juan Gabriel Costa, María Julia Vilariño
Biomarkers in Medicine.2018; 12(5): 517. CrossRef
Detection of toxoplasma-specific immunoglobulin G in human sera: performance comparison of in house Dot-ELISA with ECLIA and ELISA
Aref Teimouri, Mohammad Hossein Modarressi, Saeedeh Shojaee, Mehdi Mohebali, Nima Zouei, Mostafa Rezaian, Hossein Keshavarz
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases.2018; 37(8): 1421. CrossRef
The association of latent toxoplasmosis and level of serum testosterone in humans
Nima Zouei, Saeedeh Shojaee, Mehdi Mohebali, Hossein Keshavarz
BMC Research Notes.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
The relation of secondary sex ratio and miscarriage history with Toxoplasma gondii infection
Saeedeh Shojaee, Aref Teimouri, Hossein Keshavarz, Sanaz Jafarpour Azami, Sahar Nouri
BMC Infectious Diseases.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infections in cattle in Mongolia
Baldorj Pagmadulam, Punsantsogvoo Myagmarsuren, Ragab M. Fereig, Makoto Igarashi, Naoaki Yokoyama, Badgar Battsetseg, Yoshifumi Nishikawa
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2018; 14: 11. CrossRef
Early detection of Toxoplasma gondii infection by using a interferon gamma release assay: A review
Shima Mahmoudi, Setareh Mamishi, Xun Suo, Hossein Keshavarz
Experimental Parasitology.2017; 172: 39. CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii GRA7-Targeted ASC and PLD1 Promote Antibacterial Host Defense via PKCα
Hyun-Jung Koh, Ye-Ram Kim, Jae-Sung Kim, Jin-Seung Yun, Kiseok Jang, Chul-Su Yang, Sarah M. Fortune
PLOS Pathogens.2017; 13(1): e1006126. CrossRef
Dense Granule Protein-7 (GRA-7) of Toxoplasma gondii inhibits viral replication in vitro and in vivo
Prasanna Weeratunga, Thilina U. B. Herath, Tae-Hwan Kim, Hyun-Cheol Lee, Jae-Hoon Kim, Byeong-Hoon Lee, Eun-Seo Lee, Kiramage Chathuranga, W. A. Gayan Chathuranga, Chul-Su Yang, Jin Yeul Ma, Jong-Soo Lee
Journal of Microbiology.2017; 55(11): 909. CrossRef
Cloning and Sequencing of Truncated Toxoplasma gondii Subtilisin-Like 1 Antigen
Ahmad Rouhizadeh, Ata A Ghadiri, Mohammad Razi Jalali, Masoud Ghorbanpour, Mohammad Hossein Razi Jalali
Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii GRA7-Induced TRAF6 Activation Contributes to Host Protective Immunity
Chul-Su Yang, Jae-Min Yuk, Young-Ha Lee, Eun-Kyeong Jo, J. H. Adams
Infection and Immunity.2016; 84(1): 339. CrossRef
Production and Evaluation of Recombinant Granule Antigen Protein GRA7 for Serodiagnosis ofToxoplasma gondiiInfection in Cattle
Zedong Wang, Wei Ge, Jiping Li, Mingxing Song, Hongchao Sun, Feng Wei, Quan Liu
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease.2014; 11(9): 734. CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii infection: What is the real situation?
Waenurama Chemoh, Nongyao Sawangjaroen, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Chitkasaem Suwanrath, Verapol Chandeying, Thanaporn Hortiwakul, Hemah Andiappan, Natthawan Sermwittayawong, Bunsri Charoenmak, Pisut Siripaitoon, Amorn Lekkla, Yaowalark Sukthana
Experimental Parasitology.2013; 135(4): 685. CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant Antigens as Tools for Serodiagnosis of Human Toxoplasmosis: Current Status of Studies
Lucyna Holec-Gąsior
Clinical and Vaccine Immunology.2013; 20(9): 1343. CrossRef

9,124 View
95 Download
Crossref

Original Article

Real-Time RT-PCR on SAG1 and BAG1 Gene Expression during Stage Conversion in Immunosuppressed Mice Infected with Toxoplasma gondii Tehran Strain: Monavar Selseleh, Mohammad Hossein Modarressi, Mehdi Mohebali, Saeedeh Shojaee, Mohammad Reza Eshragian, Mina Selseleh, Ebrahim Azizi, Hossein Keshavarz; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(3):199-205.
Published online August 13, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.3.199

Abstract
PDF

Toxoplasmic encephalitis is caused by reactivation of bradyzoites to rapidly dividing tachyzoites of the apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii in immunocompromised hosts. Diagnosis of this life-threatening disease is problematic, because it is difficult to discriminate between these 2 stages. Toxoplasma PCR assays using gDNA as a template have been unable to discriminate between an increase or decrease in SAG1 and BAG1 expression between the active tachyzoite stage and the latent bradyzoite stage. In the present study, real-time RT-PCR assay was used to detect the expression of bradyzoite (BAG1)- and tachyzoite-specific genes (SAG1) during bradyzoite/tachyzoite stage conversion in mice infected with T. gondii Tehran strain after dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DXM) administration. The conversion reaction was observed in the lungs and brain tissues of experimental mice, indicated by SAG1 expression at day 6 after DXM administration, and continued until day 14. Bradyzoites were also detected in both organs throughout the study; however, it decreased at day 14 significantly. It is suggested that during the reactivation period, bradyzoites not only escape from the cysts and reinvade neighboring cells as tachyzoites, but also converted to new bradyzoites. In summary, the real-time RT-PCR assay provided a reliable, fast, and quantitative way of detecting T. gondii reactivation in an animal model. Thus, this method may be useful for diagnosing stage conversion in clinical specimens of immunocompromised patients (HIV or transplant patients) for early identification of tachyzoite-bradyzoite stage conversion.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Human Retinal Organoid Model of Ocular Toxoplasmosis
Liam M. Ashander, Grace E. Lidgerwood, Amanda L. Lumsden, João M. Furtado, Alice Pébay, Justine R. Smith
Pathogens.2025; 14(3): 286. CrossRef
Comprehensive diagnostic approaches to feline toxoplasmosis: Bridging traditional methods and emerging technologies
Dan Zhao, Yanzhen Liao, Hao Liu, Jianwei Wang, Ruiying Liang, Rongqiong Zhou, Jiabo Ding, Sixin Zhang, Xinming Tang
Virulence.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
High Efficacy of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles for Treatment of Toxoplasma Gondii Infection Through Their Immunomodulatory, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Potency
Qais A.H. Majeed, Sultan F. Alnomasy, Abdullah F. Shater, Abdullah D. Alanazi
Acta Parasitologica.2024; 69(2): 1201. CrossRef
Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis Using Surface Antigen Grade 1 Detection by ELISA, Nano-Gold ELISA, and PCR in Pregnant Women
Nagwa SM Aly, Hye-Sook Kim, Yasmin M Marei, Azza S Elhamshary, Ibrahim R Bayoumi, Rabab E Omar, Dina A Mohammed, Shin-Ichi Miyoshi, Gehan A Rashed
International Journal of Nanomedicine.2023; Volume 18: 1335. CrossRef
Assessment of tissue levels of miR-146a and proinflammatory cytokines in experimental cerebral toxoplasmosis following atovaquone and clindamycin treatment: An in vivo study
Nima Zouei, Abdolhossein Dalimi, Majid Pirestani, Fatemeh Ghaffarifar
Microbial Pathogenesis.2023; 184: 106340. CrossRef
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii oocysts on organic and conventionally grown produce
Emily L. Lilly, Nathan J. Webster
Food Microbiology.2021; 99: 103798. CrossRef
Temporal expression of Toxoplasma stage-specific genes in brain tissue: coincidence with parasitological and histopathological findings in mice models
Mona H. El-Sayad, Neveen A. Hussein, A. H. Kazem, Omnya A. El Geddawi, Enas M. Rizk, Hend A. El-Taweel
Parasitology Research.2020; 119(7): 2299. CrossRef
Micronemal protein 13 contributes to the optimal growth of Toxoplasma gondii under stress conditions
Shu Ye, Ningbo Xia, Pengfei Zhao, Jichao Yang, Yanqin Zhou, Bang Shen, Junlong Zhao
Parasitology Research.2019; 118(3): 935. CrossRef
Nanoemulsion of atovaquone as a promising approach for treatment of acute and chronic toxoplasmosis
Sanaz Jafarpour Azami, Amir Amani, Hossein Keshavarz, Roqya Najafi-Taher, Mehdi Mohebali, Mohammad Ali Faramarzi, Mahmood Mahmoudi, Saeedeh Shojaee
European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.2018; 117: 138. CrossRef
ANK1 and DnaK-TPR, Two Tetratricopeptide Repeat-Containing Proteins Primarily Expressed in Toxoplasma Bradyzoites, Do Not Contribute to Bradyzoite Differentiation
Jichao Yang, Lihong Zhang, Huiyan Diao, Ningbo Xia, Yanqin Zhou, Junlong Zhao, Bang Shen
Frontiers in Microbiology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Deletion of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 inhibits development and growth of Toxoplasma gondii
Lili Cao, Zedong Wang, Shuchao Wang, Jiping Li, Xinglong Wang, Feng Wei, Quan Liu
Parasitology Research.2016; 115(2): 797. CrossRef
Brain cystogenesis capacity of Toxoplasma gondii, avirulent Tehran strain in mice
Mehrzad Saraei, Yosef Ghaderi, Tahereh Mosavi, Mojtaba Shahnazi, Hossein Keshavarz, Saeedeh Shojaee
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease.2014; 4: S739. CrossRef