This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of fructose-1,6-bis phosphate aldolase (SMALDO) DNA vaccination against Schistosoma mansoni infection using different routes of injection. The SMALDO has been cloned into the eukaryotic
expression vector pcDNA3.1/V5-His TOPO-TA and was used in injecting Swiss albino mice intramuscularly (IM), subcutaneously
(SC), or intraperitoneally (IP) (50 ?g/mouse). Mice vaccinated with non-recombinant pcDNA3.1 served as controls. Each group was immunized 4 times at weeks 0, 2, 4, and 6. Two weeks after the last booster dose, all mice groups were infected with 80 S. mansoni cercariae via tail immersion. At week 8 post-infection, animals were sacrificed for assessment of parasitological and histopathological parameters. High anti-SMALDO IgG antibody titers were detected
in sera of all vaccinated groups (P<0.01) compared to the control group. Both the IP and SC vaccination routes resulted
in a significant reduction in worm burden (46.2% and 28.9%, respectively, P<0.01). This was accompanied by a significant reduction in hepatic and intestinal egg counts (41.7% and 40.2%, respectively, P<0.01) in the IP group only. The number of dead eggs was significantly increased in both IP and IM groups (P<0.01). IP vaccination recorded the highest significant reduction in granuloma number and diameter (54.7% and 29.2%, respectively, P<0.01) and significant increase in dead miracidia (P<0.01). In conclusion, changing the injection route of SMALDO DNA vaccination significantly influenced the efficacy of vaccination. SMALDO DNA vaccination via IP route could be a promising protective and anti-pathology vaccine candidate against S. mansoni infection.
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Multifunctional Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase as a Therapeutic Target David B. Pirovich, Akram A. Da’dara, Patrick J. Skelly Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Fascioliasis is one of the public health problems in the world. Cysteine proteinases (CP) released by Fasciola gigantica play a key role in parasite feeding, migration through host tissues, and in immune evasion. There has been some evidence from several parasite systems that proteinases might have potential as protective antigens against parasitic infections. Cysteine proteinases were purified and tested in vaccine trials of sheep infected with the liver fluke. Multiple doses (2 mg of CP in Freund's adjuvant followed by 3 booster doses 1 mg each at 4 week intervals) were injected intramuscularly into sheep 1 week prior to infect orally with 300 F. gigantica metacercariae. All the sheep were humanely slaughtered 12 weeks after the first immunization. Changes in the worm burden, ova count, and humoral and cellular responses were evaluated. Significant reduction was observed in the worm burden (56.9%), bile egg count (70.7%), and fecel egg count (75.2%). Immunization with CP was also found to be associated with increases of total IgG, IgG1, and IgG2 (P<0.05). Data showed that the serum cytokine levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-12, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, revealed significant decreases (P<0.05). However, the anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, IL-10, TGF-β, and IL-6, showed significant increases (P<0.05). In conclusion, it has been found that CP released by F. gigantica are highly important candidates for a vaccine antigen because of their role in the fluke biology and host-parasite relationships.
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Oral delivery of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing cysteine protease of Clonorchis sinensis to grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus ): Induces immune responses and has no damage on liver and intestine function Zeli Tang, Hengchang Sun, TingJin Chen, Zhipeng Lin, Hongye Jiang, Xinyi Zhou, Cunbin Shi, Houjun Pan, Ouqin Chang, Pengli Ren, Jinyun Yu, Xuerong Li, Jin Xu, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu Fish & Shellfish Immunology.2017; 64: 287. CrossRef
Comparative analysis of immune effects in mice model: Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease generated from recombinant Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis spores Zhanshuai Wu, Zeli Tang, Mei Shang, Lu Zhao, Lina Zhou, Xiangzhan Kong, Zhipeng Lin, Hengchang Sun, Tingjin Chen, Jin Xu, Xuerong Li, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu Parasitology Research.2017; 116(7): 1811. CrossRef
The immunological characteristics and probiotic function of recombinant Bacillus subtilis spore expressing Clonorchis sinensis cysteine protease Zeli Tang, Mei Shang, Tingjin Chen, Pengli Ren, Hengchang Sun, Hongling Qu, Zhipeng Lin, Lina Zhou, Jinyun Yu, Hongye Jiang, Xinyi Zhou, Xuerong Li, Yan Huang, Jin Xu, Xinbing Yu Parasites & Vectors.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Immunological features of LPS from Ochrobactrum intermedium on sheep experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica J.M. Martínez-Pérez, D. Robles-Pérez, F.A. Rojo-Vázquez, M. Martínez-Valladares Research in Veterinary Science.2014; 97(2): 329. CrossRef
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