Naegleria fowleri, a ubiquitous free-living ameba, causes fatal primary amebic meningoencephalitis in humans. N. fowleri trophozoites are known to induce cytopathic changes upon contact with microglial cells, including necrotic and apoptotic cell death and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. In this study, we treated rat microglial cells with amebic lysate to probe contact-independent mechanisms for cytotoxicity, determining through a combination of light microscopy and scanning and transmission electron microscopy whether N. fowleri lysate could effect on both necrosis and apoptosis on microglia in a time- as well as dose-dependent fashion. A 51Cr release assay demonstrated pronounced lysate induction of cytotoxicity (71.5%) toward microglial cells by 24 hr after its addition to cultures. In an assay of pro-inflammatory cytokine release, microglial cells treated with N. fowleri lysate produced TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, though generation of the former 2 cytokines was reduced with time, and that of the last increased throughout the experimental period. In summary, N. fowleri lysate exerted strong cytopathic effects on microglial cells, and elicited pro-inflammatory cytokine release as a primary immune response.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Providing an in vitro depiction of microglial cells challenged with immunostimulatory extracellular vesicles of Naegleria fowleri Lissette Retana Moreira, Alberto Cornet-Gomez, M. Rosario Sepulveda, Silvia Molina-Castro, Johan Alvarado-Ocampo, Frida Chaves Monge, Mariana Jara Rojas, Antonio Osuna, Elizabeth Abrahams Sandí Frontiers in Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Transcriptomic profiling of “brain-eating amoeba” Naegleria fowleri infection in mice: the host and the protozoa perspectives Vincent Guerlais, Nina Allouch, E. Ashley Moseman, Alicja W. Wojciechowska, Jakub W. Wojciechowski, Isabel Marcelino Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Pro-inflammatory cytokine responses to Naegleria fowleri infection Ching-wen Chen, E. Ashley Moseman Frontiers in Tropical Diseases.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Naegleria fowleri Extracellular Vesicles Induce Proinflammatory Immune Responses in BV-2 Microglial Cells Hương Giang Lê, Jung-Mi Kang, Tuấn Cường Võ, Won Gi Yoo, Byoung-Kuk Na International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(17): 13623. CrossRef
Three encephalitis-causing amoebae and their distinct interactions with the host Maarten J. Sarink, Nadia L. van der Meijs, Kristin Denzer, Leo Koenderman, Aloysius G.M. Tielens, Jaap J. van Hellemond Trends in Parasitology.2022; 38(3): 230. CrossRef
Naegleria fowleri Cathepsin B Induces a Pro-Inflammatory Immune Response in BV-2 Microglial Cells via NF-κB and AP-1 Dependent-MAPK Signaling Pathway Hương Giang Lê, Jung-Mi Kang, Tuấn Cường Võ, Byoung-Kuk Na International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(15): 8388. CrossRef
Parasite infections, neuroinflammation, and potential contributions of gut microbiota Jérémy Alloo, Ines Leleu, Corinne Grangette, Sylviane Pied Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Fowlerstefin, a cysteine protease inhibitor of Naegleria fowleri, induces inflammatory responses in BV-2 microglial cells in vitro Thị Lam Thái, Jung-Mi Kang, Hương Giang Lê, Jinyoung Lee, Won Gi Yoo, Ho-Joon Shin, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na Parasites & Vectors.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Toll-like receptors participate in Naegleria fowleri recognition Moisés Martínez-Castillo, Leopoldo Santos-Argumedo, José Manuel Galván-Moroyoqui, Jesús Serrano-Luna, Mineko Shibayama Parasitology Research.2018; 117(1): 75. CrossRef
Morphological and functional changes of microglia cultured under different oxygen concentrations and the analysis of related mechanisms Xing Wu, Tengbo Yu, Hongyan Xu, Xiuming Sun, Dewei Kou, Liping Li Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Biology and pathogenesis of Naegleria fowleri Ruqaiyyah Siddiqui, Ibne Karim M. Ali, Jennifer R. Cope, Naveed Ahmed Khan Acta Tropica.2016; 164: 375. CrossRef
NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in THP-1 Target Cells Triggered by Pathogenic Naegleria fowleri Jong-Hyun Kim, Hae-Jin Sohn, Jong-Kyun Yoo, Heekyoung Kang, Gi-Sang Seong, Yong-Joon Chwae, Kyongmin Kim, Sun Park, Ho-Joon Shin, J. A. Appleton Infection and Immunity.2016; 84(9): 2422. CrossRef
Novel cathepsin B and cathepsin B-like cysteine protease of Naegleria fowleri excretory–secretory proteins and their biochemical properties Jinyoung Lee, Jong-Hyun Kim, Hae-Jin Sohn, Hee-Jong Yang, Byoung-Kuk Na, Yong-Joon Chwae, Sun Park, Kyongmin Kim, Ho-Joon Shin Parasitology Research.2014; 113(8): 2765. CrossRef
First
Prev
