Malaria remains a global health threat. Approximately 97% of the population is at risk in sub-Saharan countries, particularly Nigeria. This study compared the performance of 2 diagnostic methods in assessing malaria endemicity in the rural communities of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A total of 1,140 study participants were screened for malaria parasite using Rapid Diagnostic Test kits (RDT) in the field, while thick and thin films for microscopy were examined in the laboratory. Our result showed that malaria prevalence was 56.8 by RDT and 38.6% by microscopic test. Age group under 10 years had the highest prevalence of 28.9% (RDT) and 23.6% (microscopy), respectively. The highest prevalence of 19.5% by RDT was recorded in Onicha Local Government Area, while the highest prevalence of 13.4% with microscopy was recorded in Ezza North Local Government Area. The sensitivity and specificity of microscopic examination were both 100%, while those of RDT were 95.5% and 75.9%, respectively.
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Malaria is a potent burden on public healthcare worldwide due to requiring rapid diagnosis and treatment. Nowadays, prompt diagnosis with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) has been widely accepted as an effective diagnostic technique in malaria-endemic countries, primarily due to their easy operation, fast output, and straightforward interpretation. The global availability and use of RDTs have gradually grown over recent decades as field-applicable diagnostic tests for the reliable confirmation of malaria infection and proper case management. This study was conducted to evaluate diagnostic performance of 3 commercially available malaria RDT kits : BIOCREDITTM Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH), Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH/pHRPII), and Malaria Ag Pf/Pv(pLDH/pLDH) (where pLDH and pHRPII stand for plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase and histidine-rich protein 2, respectively) for the specific detection of Plasmodium falciparum. A total of 1,129 blood samples including 95 blood samples, confirmed as vivax malaria infection by microscopic examinations and a nested-PCR method, were tested for falciparum malaria infection. The overall sensitivity and specificity of Malaria Ag Pf(pLDH/pHRPII), Malaria Ag Pf/Pv(pLDH/pLDH), and Pf(pLDH) for P. falciparum were 99.0% and 100%, 95.8% and 100%, and 100% and 100%, respectively. It is proposed that the 3 RDT kits perform reliable level of diagnostic accuracy of detection for P. falciparum parasites.
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Performance and usability evaluation of three LDH-based malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Kédougou, Senegal Babacar Souleymane Sambe, Stephanie Zobrist, William Sheahan, Divya Soni, Aissatou Diagne, Ibrahima Sarr, Arona Sabene Diatta, Serigne Ousmane Mbacke Diaw, Allison Golden, Hannah Slater, Ihn Kyung Jang, Nerie Roa, Sampa Pal, Fatoumata Diene Sarr, Joseph F Parasites & Vectors.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Diagnostic accuracy and limit of detection of ten malaria parasite lactate dehydrogenase-based rapid tests for Plasmodium knowlesi and P. falciparum Angelica F. Tan, Sitti Saimah binti Sakam, Giri S. Rajahram, Timothy William, Mohammad Faruq Abd Rachman Isnadi, Sylvia Daim, Bridget E. Barber, Steven Kho, Colin J. Sutherland, Nicholas M. Anstey, Seda Yerlikaya, Donelly A. van Schalkwyk, Matthew J. Grig Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Recent Spatial and Temporal Trends of Malaria in Korea Yeong Hoon Kim, Hye-Jin Ahn, Dongjae Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Tong-Soo Kim, Ho-Woo Nam The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 585. CrossRef
Prompt diagnosis of malaria cases with rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) has been widely adopted as an effective malaria diagnostic tool in many malaria endemic countries, primarily due to their easy operation, fast result output, and straightforward interpretation. However, there has been controversy about the diagnostic accuracy of RDTs. This study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performances of the 2 commercially available malaria RDT kits, RapiGEN Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (pLDH/pLDH) and Asan EasyTestTM Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (HRP-2/pLDH) for their abilities to detect Plasmodium species in blood samples collected from Ugandan patients with malaria. To evaluate the diagnostic performances of these 2 RDT kits, 229 blood samples were tested for malaria infection by microscopic examination and a species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction. The detection sensitivities for P. falciparum of Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (pLDH/pLDH) and Asan EasyTestTM Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (HRP-2/pLDH) were 87.83% and 89.57%, respectively. The specificities of the 2 RDTs were 100% for P. falciparum and mixed P. falciparum/P. vivax infections. These results suggest that the 2 RDT kits showed reasonable levels of diagnostic performances for detection of the malaria parasites from Ugandan patients. However, neither kit could effectively detect P. falciparum infections with low parasitaemia (<500 parasites/μl).
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Performance of BIOCREDIT Pf/Pv lactate dehydrogenase-based malaria rapid diagnostic test among pregnant women with suspected malaria infection in Bahir Dar City Administration, northwest Ethiopia Banchamlak Tegegne, Endalkachew Nibret, Abaineh Munshea, Mekonnen Teferi, Mulat Yimer, Getaneh Alemu, Delenasaw Yewhalaw, Dylan R. Pillai, Samuel Kofi Tchum PLOS One.2025; 20(5): e0322362. CrossRef
Performance of a Novel P. falciparum Rapid Diagnostic Test in Areas of Widespread hrp2/3 Gene Deletion Aynalem Mandefro, Xavier C Ding, Jocelyn Farge, Gezahegn Solomon Alemayehu, Geletta Tadele, Bacha Mekonen, Yirgalem Gebrehiwot, Nega Berhe, Berhanu Erko, Hannah C Slater, Greg T Bizilj, Rebecca Barney, Allison Golden, Gonzalo J Domingo, Lemu Golassa Clinical Infectious Diseases.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Performance and usability evaluation of three LDH-based malaria rapid diagnostic tests in Kédougou, Senegal Babacar Souleymane Sambe, Stephanie Zobrist, William Sheahan, Divya Soni, Aissatou Diagne, Ibrahima Sarr, Arona Sabene Diatta, Serigne Ousmane Mbacke Diaw, Allison Golden, Hannah Slater, Ihn Kyung Jang, Nerie Roa, Sampa Pal, Fatoumata Diene Sarr, Joseph F Parasites & Vectors.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Assessment of the Performance of Lactate Dehydrogenase-Based Rapid Diagnostic Test for Malaria in Djibouti in 2022–2023 Rahma Abdi Moussa, Nasserdine Papa Mze, Houssein Yonis Arreh, Aicha Abdillahi Hamoud, Kahiya Mohamed Alaleh, Fatouma Mohamed Aden, Abdoul-Razak Yonis Omar, Warsama Osman Abdi, Samatar Kayad Guelleh, Abdoul-Ilah Ahmed Abdi, Leonardo K. Basco, Bouh Abdi Kha Diagnostics.2024; 14(3): 262. CrossRef
Comparison of three rapid diagnostic tests for Plasmodium falciparum diagnosis in Ghana Tolulope Adeyemi Kayode, Agyapong Kofi Addo, Thomas Kwame Addison, Austine Tweneboah, Stephen Opoku Afriyie, Dawood Ackom Abbas, Ayesha Seth, Abraham K. Badu-Tawiah, Kingsley Badu, Cristian Koepfli Malaria Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests: Literary Review and Recommendation for a Quality Assurance, Quality Control Algorithm Michael J. Kavanaugh, Steven E. Azzam, David M. Rockabrand Diagnostics.2021; 11(5): 768. CrossRef
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