Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"glycoprotein"

Brief Communication

Molecular Prevalence and Genotypes of Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis in Patients with Acute Diarrhea in Korea, 2013-2016: Da-Won Ma, Myoung-Ro Lee, Sung-Hee Hong, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Sang-Eun Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(5):531-536.
Published online October 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.5.531

Abstract
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Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis are the main diarrhea-causing parasitic pathogens; however, their prevalence in Korea is unknown. Here, we conducted a survey to determine the prevalence and genotype distribution of these 2 pathogens causing acute diarrhea in 8,571 patients hospitalized in 17 Regional Institute of Health Environment sites in Korea, during 2013-2016. C. parvum and G. duodenalis were detected and genotyped by nested PCR, and the isolate were molecularly characterized by sequencing the glycoprotein 60 (Gp60) and β-giardin genes, respectively. The overall prevalence of C. parvum and G. duodenalis was 0.37% (n=32) and 0.55% (n=47), respectively, and both pathogens were more prevalent in children under 9 years old. Molecular epidemiological analysis showed that the C. parvum isolates belonged to the IIa family and were subtyped as IIaA13G2R1, IIaA14G2R1, IIaA15G2R1, and IIaA18G3R1. Analysis of the β-giardin gene fragment from G. duodenalis showed that all positive strains belong to assemblage A. This is the first report on the molecular epidemiology and subtyping of C. parvum and G. duodenalis in such a large number of diarrheal patients in Korea. These results highlight the need for continuous monitoring of these zoonotic pathogens and provide a basis for implementing control and prevention strategies. Further, the results might be useful for epidemiological investigation of the source of outbreak.

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Mini Review

Trypanosome Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Biosynthesis: Yeonchul Hong, Taroh Kinoshita; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(3):197-204.
Published online August 28, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.3.197

Abstract
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Trypanosoma brucei, a protozoan parasite, causes sleeping sickness in humans and Nagana disease in domestic animals in central Africa. The trypanosome surface is extensively covered by glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins known as variant surface glycoproteins and procyclins. GPI anchoring is suggested to be important for trypanosome survival and establishment of infection. Trypanosomes are not only pathogenically important, but also constitute a useful model for elucidating the GPI biosynthesis pathway. This review focuses on the trypanosome GPI biosynthesis pathway. Studies on GPI that will be described indicate the potential for the design of drugs that specifically inhibit trypanosome GPI biosynthesis.

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Brief Communications

Modification of carbohydrate compositions of 31/36 kDa proteins of plerocercoids (sparganum) of Spirometra mansoni grown in different intermediate hosts: Hyun-Jong Yang; Korean J Parasitol 2004;42(2):77-79.
Published online June 20, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2004.42.2.77

Abstract
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We purified specific 31/36 kDa antigenic molecules from sparganum in different intermediate hosts (snakes and mice) and analyzed their monosaccharide compositions. Compositional analysis showed that glucose and mannose concentrations were 2-3 fold higher in the 31/36 kDa molecule purified from snakes than those from mice. This result implies that antigenic glycoproteins of sparganum from snakes might be modified in mammalian sparganosis with respect to their carbohydrate composition.

Citations

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Serodiagnosis of experimental sparganum infections of mice and human sparganosis by ELISA using ES antigens of Spirometra mansoni spargana
Jing Cui, Nan Li, Zhong Quan Wang, Peng Jiang, Xi Meng Lin
Parasitology Research.2011; 108(6): 1551. CrossRef

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47 Download
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Comparison of carbohydrate moieties of sparganum proteins of the snake, mouse and those of adult worm: Hyun Jong Yang; Korean J Parasitol 2003;41(2):135-137.
Published online June 20, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.2.135

Abstract
PDF

The carbohydrate moieties of larval sparganum proteins in two different species, the snakes, Elaphe rufodorsata, the Balb/c mouse and those of the adult worm, Spirometra erinacei, were compared using five different lectins including GNA, SNA, MAA, PNA and DSA. The GNA positive 53 kDa molecule, which is excretory-secretory protease in the sparganum from the snake showed a stage specific and developmental regulation. We also suggested that sparganum glycosylation may be involved in immune evasion and differentiation into an adult worm.

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