Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"ivermectin"

Case Report

First Infestation Case of Sarcoptic Mange from a Pet Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus in Republic of Korea: Seongjun Choe, Sungryong Kim, Ki-Jeong Na, Tilak Chandra Nath, Barakaeli Abdieli Ndosi, Yeseul Kang, Mohammed Mebarek Bia, Dongmin Lee, Hansol Park, Chatanun Eamudomkarn, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(3):315-319.
Published online June 26, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.315

Abstract
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In November 2019 a 5-month-old mixed-breed rabbit presented to Chungbuk National University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea (Korea) with symptoms comprising pruritus, crusts on skin, poor appetite and reduced defecation. The rabbit was purchased 2 months prior from a pet shop located in a big market, and that the symptoms were first observed about 2 weeks prior to the hospital visit. Physical examination revealed that the patient had crust formation and alopecia on the nose together with lesions on the digits. A skin scraping test was performed using mineral oil and a high density of mites was observed by microscopy. Each mite showed a round, tortoise-like body with 4 comparatively short pairs of legs. The anus was located at the terminal unlike with suspected pathogen, Notoedres cati. Based on morphological characteristics, we identified the mite as Sarcoptes sp. Ivermectin was administered weekly by subcutaneous injection at a dosage of 0.4 mg/kg, and 4 weeks of follow-up study revealed the patient was fully recovered. And no more mites were detected from the case. This is the first case report of sarcoptic mange in a pet rabbit in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Genetic and Serological Survey of Sarcoptic Mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in South Korea
Sanghyun Lee, Garam Kim, So-Jeong Kim, Weon-Hwa Jheong, Dong-Hyuk Jeong
Animals.2024; 14(23): 3490. CrossRef
Zoonotic Episodes of Scabies: A Global Overview
Barbara Moroni, Luca Rossi, Charlotte Bernigaud, Jacques Guillot
Pathogens.2022; 11(2): 213. CrossRef
Mange in Rabbits: An Ectoparasitic Disease with a Zoonotic Potential
Wafaa A. Abd El-Ghany, Remo Lobetti
Veterinary Medicine International.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Prevalence and Alternative Treatment of Head-Lice Infestation in Rural Thailand: A Community-Based Study: On-uma Singhasivanon, Saranath Lawpoolsri, Mathirut Mungthin, Surapon Yimsamran, Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri, Srivicha Krudsood; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(5):499-504.
Published online October 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.5.499

Abstract
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Head-lice infestation, pediculosis capitis, remains a public-health burden in many countries. The widely used first-line pediculicides and alternative treatments are often too costly for use in poor socio-economic settings. Ivermectin has been considered an alternate treatment for field practice. This study was composed of 2 parts, a cross-sectional survey and an intervention study. The main
objective
s were to determine the prevalence and potential factors associated with head-lice infestation, and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral ivermectin administration. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 890 villagers in rural areas along Thai-Myanmar border. Females with infestations were eligible for the intervention study, and 181 participated in the intervention study. A post-treatment survey was conducted to assess acceptance of ivermectin as a treatment choice. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and a generalized-estimation-equation model adjusted for cluster effect. The study revealed the prevalence of head-lice infestation was 50% among females and only 3% among males. Age stratification showed a high prevalence among females aged <20 years, and among 50% of female school-children. The prevalence was persistent among those with a history of infestation. The major risk factors were residing in a setting with other infected cases, and sharing a hair comb. The study also confirmed that ivermectin was safe and effective for field-based practice. It was considered a preferable treatment option. In conclusion, behavior-change communication should be implemented to reduce the observed high prevalence of headlice infestation. Ivermectin may be an alternative choice for head-lice treatment, especially in remote areas.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparative Efficacy of Commercial Antilice Shampoos Against Head Lice in a High‐Prevalence Primary School in Thailand
Sirima Kitvatanachai, Utsanee Supcharoengoon, Nutnicha Suphakhonchuwong, Aree Taylor, Pochong Rhongbutsri, Semonti Nandi
Journal of Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Correlates of pediculosis preventive behaviors among female adolescents using a theoretical framework: A case of health belief model
Masumeh Naseri, Mohtasham Ghaffari, Sakineh Rakhshanderou
Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact factors and genetic characteristics of head lice infestation in schoolchildren: a cross-sectional study from 2018 to 2023 in central China
Yi-Tian Fu, Yuan-Ping Deng, Yue Xie, Hui-Mei Wang, Yan-Yan Peng, Guo-Hua Liu, Xiang Wu
Parasites & Vectors.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and Intensity of Pediculus humanus capitis in Kindergarten and Primary School Children in Poland
Marcin Padzik, Gabriela Olędzka, Anita Gromala-Milaniuk, Ewa Kopeć, Edyta Beata Hendiger-Rizo
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(11): 3942. CrossRef
COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF EPIDEMIOLOGY, RESISTANCE AND TREATMENT OF PEDICULUS CAPITIS IN THAILAND
Picha Suwannahitatorn, Lakhanawan Charoensuk, Saiwasan Buathong
Journal of Southeast Asian Medical Research.2025; 9: e0248. CrossRef
Pediculosis capitis risk factors in schoolchildren: hair thickness and hair length
M.A. Valero, J. Haidamak, T.C. de Oliveira Santos, I. Cristine Prüss, A. Bisson, C. Santosdo Rosário, M.C. Fantozzi, M. Morales-Suárez-Varela, D.R. Klisiowicz
Acta Tropica.2024; 249: 107075. CrossRef
Pediculus capitis (Anoplura: Pedicullidae) infestation in preschool and primary school students and the community: a global-scale evidence review
Hassan Nasirian, Seyyed Amir Yasin Ahmadi
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science.2024; 44(2): 441. CrossRef
Toxicity of 6-gingerol and Cymbopogon citratus against Pediculus humanus capitis De Geer (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae): Mortality, detoxifying enzymes, and morphological ultrastructure alterations in lice
Rizal Subahar, Rizqy Hadyansyah, Rachmanin Aldilla, Yulhasri Yulhasri, Rawina Winita, Surya Dwira, Gulshan Fahmi El Bayani
Research in Veterinary Science.2024; 177: 105364. CrossRef
The association between knockdown resistance and treatment outcome of 1% permethrin lotion in head lice infestations in Nonthaburi province, Thailand
Narisa Brownell, Sakone Sunantaraporn, Nirin Seatamanoch, Chanat Kumtornrut, Padet Siriyasatien
Archives of Dermatological Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Head Lice Infestation in Pre-High School Girls, Lak Hok Suburban Area, Pathum Thani Province, in Central Thailand
Sirima Kitvatanachai, Kanyanan Kritsiriwutthinan, Aree Taylor, Pochong Rhongbutsri, José F. Silveira
Journal of Parasitology Research.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
Prevalence of head louse infestation among primary schoolchildren in the Republic of Korea: nationwide observation of trends in 2011-2019
Seungwan Ryoo, Sooji Hong, Taehee Chang, Hyejoo Shin, Jae Young Park, Jeonggyu Lee, Eun-Hee Nah, Eun Hee Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(1): 53. CrossRef
Comparative efficacy of chemical and botanical pediculicides in Thailand and 4% dimeticone against head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis
Manachai Yingklang, Chadaporn Nuchjangreed Gordon, Patchana Hengboriboonpong Jaidee, Phonpilas Thongpon, Somchai Pinlaor, Joshua Kamani
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(6): e0287616. CrossRef
Treatment Modalities of Pediculosis Capitis: A Narrative Review
Rahul Apet, Lekhavardhini Prakash, Kritika H Shewale, Sugat Jawade, Rishi Dhamecha
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Ovicidal and Pediculicidal Activity of Indigofera suffruticosa Mill. Leaf Oil on Pediculus humanus capitis Egg to Adult Stages
Patwarapohn Udonsan, Ratchadawan Aukkanimart, Jatuporn Prathumtet, Somchai Butnan, Pranee Sriraj
Acta Parasitologica.2023; 68(4): 853. CrossRef
Broadening the range of use cases for ivermectin – a review of the evidence
Christian Kositz, John Bradley, Harry Hutchins, Anna Last, Umberto D'Alessandro, Michael Marks
Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2022; 116(3): 201. CrossRef
Indicaciones de la ivermectina oral en dermatología
Daniel Morgado-Carrasco, Jaime Piquero-Casals, Sebastian Podlipnik
Piel.2022; 37(2): 113. CrossRef
Estonian Parents’ Awareness of Pediculosis and Its Occurrence in Their Children
Ave Kutman, Ülle Parm, Anna-Liisa Tamm, Birgit Hüneva, Diana Jesin
Medicina.2022; 58(12): 1773. CrossRef
Assessing the link between head lice infestation and selected cognitive-behavioral factors in a sample of Iranian female adolescents
Towhid Babazadeh, Kamiar Kouzekanani, Shahram Oliaei, Saber Gaffari-fam, Ghader Dargahi Abbasabad, Khalil Maleki Chollou, Sohrab Heidari
Heliyon.2020; 6(5): e03959. CrossRef
Pediculosis capitis in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire: Epidemiological profile and associated risk factors
V. Djohan, K.E. Angora, S. Miezan, A.K. Bédia, A. Konaté, A.H. Vanga-Bosson, F.K. Kassi, PCM Kiki-Barro, W. Yavo, E.I. Menan
Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2020; 11: e00159. CrossRef
Prevenção da COVID-19? Efeitos adversos da ivermectina em posologia inapropriada
Fernanda Cândido Pereira, Mariana Lima Montenegro, Bruna Benedetti Barbéro, Débora Barbosa da Silva Parente, Isabela Maria Arantes, João Luís de Arruda Pereira Zoobi, Mateus Gomes Frota, Rafael Lucas Simões dos Santos, Rafaela de Albuquerque Cunha, Andrez
Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento.2020; : 129. CrossRef
Presence of the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in the head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) collected from primary school children of Thailand
Narisa Brownell, Sakone Sunantaraporn, Kobpat Phadungsaksawasdi, Nirin Seatamanoch, Switt Kongdachalert, Atchara Phumee, Padet Siriyasatien, Kosta Y. Mumcuoglu
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(12): e0008955. CrossRef

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Therapeutic Potential of Myrrh and Ivermectin against Experimental Trichinella spiralis Infection in Mice: Maha M.A. Basyoni, Abdel-Aleem A. El-Sabaa; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):297-304.
Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.297

Abstract
PDF

Trichinosis is a parasitic zoonosis caused by the nematode Trichinella spiralis. Anthelmintics are used to eliminate intestinal adults as well as tissue-migrating and encysted larvae. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ivermectin and myrrh obtained from the aloe-gum resin of Commiphora molmol on experimental trichinosis. Ninety albino mice were orally infected with 300 T. spiralis larvae. Drugs were tested against adult worms at day 0 and day 5 and against encysted larvae on day 15 and day 35 post-infection (PI). Mature worms and encysted larvae were counted in addition to histopathological examination of muscle specimens. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total protein, albumin, globulin, urea, and creatinine values were estimated. Significant reductions in mean worm numbers were detected in ivermectin treated mice at day 0 and day 5 PI achieving efficacies of 98.5% and 80.0%, while efficacies of myrrh in treated mice were 80.7% and 51.5%, respectively. At days 15 and 35 post-infection, ivermectin induced significant reduction in encysted larval counts achieving efficacies of 76.5% and 54.0%, respectively, while myrrh efficacies were 76.6% and 35.0%, respectively. AST, ALT, urea, and creatinine levels were reduced, while total proteins were increased in response to both treatments compared to their values in the infected non-treated mice. Ivermectin use for controlling T. spiralis could be continued. Myrrh was effective and could be a promising drug against the Egyptian strains of T. spiralis with results nearly comparable to ivermectin.

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Khadyga Hussein Abdel Fadil, Eman Mohammed Mahmoud, Saedia Abdel Hady Sayed El-Ahl, Amany Ahmed Abd-Elaal, Amal Abdel-Aziz M. El-Shafaey, Mohammed Sharaf El Din Zaky Badr, Yasmine Fathy Elesawy, Amal M. Mahfoz, Alshaimaa Mohamed Raafat Hamed, Iman Raafat
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A. M. R. Hamed, I. R. Abdel-Shafi, M. D. A. Elsayed, A. M. Mahfoz, S. E. Tawfeek, M. S. A. Abdeltawab
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Asmaa M. El-kady, Iman A. M. Abdel-Rahman, Eman Sayed, Majed H. Wakid, Hussah M. Alobaid, Khalil Mohamed, Eman Abdullah Alshehri, Hayam Elshazly, Wafa Abdullah I. Al-Megrin, Furhan Iqbal, Hatem A. Elshabrawy, Ashraf G. Timsah
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Dalia A. Elmehy, Marwa A. Hasby Saad, Gamal M. El Maghraby, Mona F. Arafa, Nema A. Soliman, Heba H Elkaliny, Dina I. Elgendy
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Marwa Ahmed Mohamed Salama, Nahed E. Mostafa, Naglaa Fathy Abd El-Aal, Eman M. Mostafa, Samar Kamel Hammad, Rasha Adel, Howayda Said Fouad Moawad
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Assessment of Loiasis and Outcomes of Ivermectin Masstreatment in Ijebu-North, Nigeria: A. A. Hassan, B. Akinsanya, N. Iyase, F. O. Owagboriaye; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(2):153-159.
Published online June 14, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.2.153

Abstract
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A total of 286 individuals from 3 selected communities (Areedi-Aje, Ipakodo/Ojokodo, and Ijebu-Igbo) of Ijebu-North, southwestern Nigeria were examined for Loa loa microfilaremia using finger prick blood smear, between December 2008 and March 2009. Rapid assessment procedure for loiasis (RAPLOA) was used to obtain information, from 187 Ijebu-Igbo residents, on adverse reactions experienced from retrospective treatments with ivermectin and history of eye worm. Only 33.9% of the respondents reported having had a history of eye worm while 33.2% had microfilaremia. The demographic factor of gender was not significant determinants of the prevalence (P>0.05) while age was significant (P<0.05). The highest prevalence of eye worm history and microfilaremia were recorded in 61-70 and 15-20 years of age categories, respectively. Ijebu-Igbo had 27.3% eye worm history, 32.1% microfilaremia, and the highest intensity of 140 microfilariae (mf)/ml. Ipakodo area had the highest eye worm history of 54.4% and the highest intensity of 420 mf/ml. Areedi-Aje had the highest occurrence of 45.2% microfilaremia and the highest intensity of 460 mf/ml. Predictably, Areedi-Aje and Ipakodo areas were high risk communities. The low intensity of L. loa infection with an insignificant (2.1%; P>0.05) adverse reactions from 187 subjects involved in the retrospective ivermectin administration confirmed that ivermectin delivery may be considered safe. The community-directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) programme was most probably responsible for the low prevalence and intensity.

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Comparative Efficacy of Ivermectin and Levamisole for Reduction of Migrating and Encapsulated Larvae of Baylisascaris transfuga in Mice: Yan Fu, Hua-Ming Nie, Li-Li Niu, Yue Xie, Jia-Bo Deng, Qiang Wang, Guang-You Yang, Xiao-Bin Gu, Shu-Xian Wang; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(2):145-151.
Published online June 14, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.2.145

Abstract
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The comparative efficacy of 2 anthelmintics (ivermectin and levamisole) against Baylisascaris transfuga migrating and encapsulated larvae was studied in mice. A total of 60 BALB/c mice inoculated each with about 1,000 embryonated B. transfuga eggs were equally divided into 6 groups (A-F) randomly. Mice of groups A and B were treated with ivermectin and levamisole, respectively, on day 3 post-infection (PI). Mice of groups A-C were killed on day 13 PI. Similarly, groups D and E were treated with ivermectin and levamisole, respectively, on day 14 PI, and all mice of groups D-F were treated on day 24 PI. The groups C and F were controls. Microexamination was conducted to count the larvae recovering from each mouse. The percentages of reduction in the number of migrating larvae recovered from group A (ivermectin) and B (levamisole) were 88.3% and 81.1%, respectively. In addition, the reduction in encapsulated larvae counts achieved by ivermectin (group D) and levamisole (group E) was 75.0% and 49.2%, respectively. The results suggested that, to a certain extent, both anthelmintics appeared to be more effective against migrating larvae than encapsulated larvae. However, in the incipient stage of infection, ivermectin may be more competent than levamisole as a larvicidal drug for B. transfuga.

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