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Original Articles

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Alpha Stabilization in Human Macrophages during Leishmania major Infection Is Impaired by Parasite Virulence
Ali Ben-Cheikh, Aymen Bali, Fatma Z Guerfali, Chiraz Atr, Hanène Attia, Dhafer Laouini
Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(5):317-325.
Published online October 21, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.5.317
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is one of the master regulators of immune and metabolic cellular functions. HIF-1α, a transcriptional factor whose activity is closely related to oxygen levels, is a target for understanding infectious disease control. Several studies have demonstrated that HIF-1α plays an important role during the infectious process, while its role in relation to parasite virulence has not been addressed. In this work, we studied the expression levels of HIF-1α and related angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in human macrophages infected with promastigotes of hypo- or hyper-virulent Leishmania major human isolates. L. major parasites readily subverted host macrophage functions for their survival and induced local oxygen consumption at the site of infection. In contrast to hypo-virulent parasites that induce high HIF-1α expression levels, hyper-virulent L. major reduced HIF-1α expression in macrophages under normoxic or hypoxic conditions, and consequently impeded the expression of VEGF-A mRNA. HIF-1α may play a key role during control of disease chronicity, severity, or outcome.

Citations

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  • Lack of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α Influences on Macrophages Ability to Deal with Leishmania braziliensis In Vitro and Affects Pathology In Vivo
    Rodrigo C.O. Sanches, Leonardo G. Vaz, Fabio V. Marinho, Erika S. Guimarães, Edgar M. Carvalho, Lucas P. Carvalho, Sergio C. Oliveira
    JID Innovations.2025; 5(3): 100347.     CrossRef
  • Host–parasite interactions after in vitro infection of human macrophages by Leishmania major: Dual analysis of microRNA and mRNA profiles reveals regulation of key processes through time kinetics
    Chiraz Atri, Ghada Mkannez, Hanène Attia, Rabiaa Manel Sghaier, Aymen Bali, Ali Ben-Cheikh, Imen Rabhi, Béatrice Regnault, David Piquemal, Kais Ghedira, Koussay Dellagi, Dhafer Laouini, Fatma Zahra Guerfali
    Microbes and Infection.2025; 27(4): 105502.     CrossRef
  • Stub1 Acetylation by CBP/p300 Attenuates Chronic Hypoxic-Driven Pulmonary Hypertension by Suppressing HIF-2α
    Amanda Czerwinski, Paul Sidlowski, Emily Mooers, Yong Liu, Ru-Jeng Teng, Kirkwood Pritchard, Xigang Jing, Suresh Kumar, Amy Y. Pan, Pengyuan Liu, Girija G. Konduri, Adeleye J. Afolayan
    American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology.2025; 73(3): 369.     CrossRef
  • mTOR signaling pathway regulation HIF-1 α effects on LPS induced intestinal mucosal epithelial model damage
    Zeyong Huang, Wenbin Teng, Liuxu Yao, Kai Xie, Suqin Hang, Rui He, Yuhong Li
    BMC Molecular and Cell Biology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Regulatory Functions of Hypoxia in Host–Parasite Interactions: A Focus on Enteric, Tissue, and Blood Protozoa
    Emily DeMichele, Olivia Sosnowski, Andre G. Buret, Thibault Allain
    Microorganisms.2023; 11(6): 1598.     CrossRef
  • 3,521 View
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Molecular Characteristics and Potent Immunomodulatory Activity of Fasciola hepatica Cystatin
Kai Zhang, Yucheng Liu, Guowu Zhang, Xifeng Wang, Zhiyuan Li, Yunxia Shang, Chengcheng Ning, Chunhui Ji, Xuepeng Cai, Xianzhu Xia, Jun Qiao, Qingling Meng
Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(2):117-126.
Published online April 20, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.2.117
Cystatin, a cysteine protease inhibitor found in many parasites, plays important roles in immune evasion. This study analyzed the molecular characteristics of a cystatin from Fasciola hepatica (FhCystatin) and expressed recombinant FhCystatin (rFhcystatin) to investigate the immune modulatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced proliferation, migration, cytokine secretion, nitric oxide (NO) production, and apoptosis in mouse macrophages. The FhCystatin gene encoded 116 amino acids and contained a conserved cystatin-like domain. rFhCystatin significantly inhibited the activity of cathepsin B. rFhCystatin bound to the surface of mouse RAW264.7 cells, significantly inhibited cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, rFhCystatin inhibited the expression of cellular nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α, and promoted the expression of transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-10. These results showed that FhCystatin played an important role in regulating the activity of mouse macrophages. Our findings provide new insights into mechanisms underlying the immune evasion and contribute to the exploration of potential targets for the development of new drug to control F. hepatica infection.

Citations

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  • Cystatin from the helminth Ascaris lumbricoides upregulates mevalonate and cholesterol biosynthesis pathways and immunomodulatory genes in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells
    Nathalie Acevedo, Ana Lozano, Josefina Zakzuk, Kevin Llinás-Caballero, David Brodin, Peter Nejsum, Andrew R. Williams, Luis Caraballo
    Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Helminth-derived molecules: Pathogenic and pharmacopeial roles
    Yu Zhang, Chunxiang Shen, Xinyi Zhu, Chiuan Yee Leow, Minjun Ji, Zhipeng Xu
    The Journal of Biomedical Research.2024; 38(6): 547.     CrossRef
  • An evolutionary molecular adaptation of an unusual stefin from the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica redefines the cystatin superfamily
    Michal Buša, Zuzana Matoušková, Pavla Bartošová-Sojková, Petr Pachl, Pavlína Řezáčová, Ramon Marc Eichenberger, Peter Deplazes, Martin Horn, Saša Štefanić, Michael Mareš
    Journal of Biological Chemistry.2023; 299(3): 102970.     CrossRef
  • Type I Cystatin Derived from Fasciola gigantica Suppresses Macrophage-Mediated Inflammatory Responses
    Pathanin Chantree, Mayuri Tarasuk, Parisa Prathaphan, Jittiporn Ruangtong, Mantana Jamklang, Sirilak Chumkiew, Pongsakorn Martviset
    Pathogens.2023; 12(3): 395.     CrossRef
  • Cystatins from the Human Liver Fluke Opisthorchis viverrini: Molecular Characterization and Functional Analysis
    Amornrat Geadkaew-Krenc, Rudi Grams, Sinee Siricoon, Nanthawat Kosa, Dawid Krenc, Wansika Phadungsil, Pongsakorn Martviset
    Pathogens.2023; 12(7): 949.     CrossRef
  • Antigens from the Helminth Fasciola hepatica Exert Antiviral Effects against SARS-CoV-2 In Vitro
    Judit Serrat, Clara Francés-Gómez, David Becerro-Recio, Javier González-Miguel, Ron Geller, Mar Siles-Lucas
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(14): 11597.     CrossRef
  • Cysticercus pisiformis-derived novel-miR1 targets TLR2 to inhibit the immune response in rabbits
    Guoliang Chen, Guiting Pu, Liqun Wang, Yanping Li, Tingli Liu, Hong Li, Shaohua Zhang, Xuelin Wang, Xiaolei Liu, Xuenong Luo
    Frontiers in Immunology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Fasciolosis: pathogenesis, host-parasite interactions, and implication in vaccine development
    Luis Miguel Flores-Velázquez, María Teresa Ruiz-Campillo, Guillem Herrera-Torres, Álvaro Martínez-Moreno, Francisco Javier Martínez-Moreno, Rafael Zafra, Leandro Buffoni, Pablo José Rufino-Moya, Verónica Molina-Hernández, José Pérez
    Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,490 View
  • 205 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
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Involvement of Macrophages in Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells Infected with Trichomonas vaginalis
Kyu-Shik Kim, Hong-Sang Moon, Sang-Su Kim, Jae-Sook Ryu
Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(6):557-564.
Published online December 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.6.557
Macrophages play a key role in chronic inflammation, and are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. We investigated whether an interaction between inflamed prostate cancer cells stimulated with Trichomonas vaginalis and macrophages stimulates the proliferation of the cancer cells. Conditioned medium was prepared from T. vaginalis-infected (TCM) and uninfected (CM) mouse prostate cancer (PCa) cell line (TRAMP-C2 cells). Thereafter conditioned medium was prepared from macrophages (J774A.1 cell line) after incubation with CM (MCM) or TCM (MTCM). When TRAMP-C2 cells were stimulated with T. vaginalis, protein and mRNA levels of CXCL1 and CCL2 increased, and migration of macrophages toward TCM was more extensive than towards CM. Macrophages stimulated with TCM produced higher levels of CCL2, IL-6, TNF-α, their mRNAs than macrophages stimulated with CM. MTCM stimulated the proliferation and invasiveness of TRAMP-C2 cells as well as the expression of cytokine receptors (CCR2, GP130, CXCR2). Importantly, blocking of each cytokine receptors with anti-cytokine receptor antibody significantly reduced the proliferation and invasiveness of TRAMP-C2 cells. We conclude that inflammatory mediators released by TRAMP-C2 cells in response to infection by T. vaginalis stimulate the migration and activation of macrophages and the activated macrophages stimulate the proliferation and invasiveness of the TRAMP-C2 cells via cytokine-cytokine receptor binding. Our results therefore suggested that macrophages contribute to the exacerbation of PCa due to inflammation of prostate cancer cells reacted with T. vaginalis.

Citations

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  • The role of proinflammatory cytokines and CXC chemokines (CXCL1–CXCL16) in the progression of prostate cancer: insights on their therapeutic management
    Amin Ullah, Wang Jiao, Bairong Shen
    Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • CysLT receptor-mediated NOX2 activation is required for IL-8 production in HMC-1 cells induced by Trichomonas vaginalis-derived secretory products
    Young Ah Lee, Myeong Heon Shin
    Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(3): 270.     CrossRef
  • Point-of-Care Diagnostic for Trichomonas vaginalis, the Most Prevalent, Non-Viral Sexually Transmitted Infection
    John F. Alderete, Hermes Chan
    Pathogens.2023; 12(1): 77.     CrossRef
  • 4,561 View
  • 124 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Polarization of M2 Macrophages by Interaction between Prostate Cancer Cells Treated with Trichomonas vaginalis and Adipocytes
Hyo-Yeoung Chung, Jung-Hyun Kim, Ik-Hwan Han, Jae-Sook Ryu
Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(3):217-227.
Published online June 26, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.3.217
Trichomonas vaginalis causes inflammation of the prostate and has been detected in tissues of prostate cancers (PCa), prostatitis and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Obesity is a risk factor for PCa and causes a chronic subclinical inflammation. This chronic inflammation further exacerbates adipose tissue inflammation as results of migration and activation of macrophages. Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells in the PCa microenvironment. M2 macrophages, known as Tumor-Associated Macrophages, are involved in increasing cancer malignancy. In this study, conditioned medium (TCM) of PCa cells infected with live trichomonads contained chemokines that stimulated migration of the mouse preadipocytes (3T3-L1 cells). Conditioned medium of adipocytes incubated with TCM (ATCM) contained Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13). Macrophage migration was stimulated by ATCM. In macrophages treated with ATCM, expression of M2 markers increased, while M1 markers decreased. Therefore, it is suggested that ATCM induces polarization of M0 to M2 macrophages. In addition, conditioned medium from the macrophages incubated with ATCM stimulates the proliferation and invasiveness of PCa. Our findings suggest that interaction between inflamed PCa treated with T. vaginalis and adipocytes causes M2 macrophage polarization, so contributing to the progression of PCa.

Citations

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  • Interplay of obesity and parasitic infection: current evidence of immunogenesis, tumorigenesis and leptin receptor involvement
    Enas El Saftawy, Mansour Alghamdi, Basma Emad Aboulhoda
    Nutrition & Metabolism.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Adipocyte–Tumor Interactions in the Bone Marrow Niche: Implications for Metastasis and Therapy
    Alhomam Dabaliz, Mohammad Nawar Al Hakawati, Najmuddeen Alrashdan, Sarah Alrashdan, Mohamad Bakir, Khalid S. Mohammad
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2025; 26(19): 9781.     CrossRef
  • Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Three-Dimensional-Cultured Human Umbilical Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevent Inflammation and Dedifferentiation in Pancreatic Islets
    Eunwon Lee, Seungyeon Ha, Gyuri Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Patricia Murray
    Stem Cells International.2023; 2023: 1.     CrossRef
  • The correlation between Trichomonas vaginalis infection and reproductive system cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Zhenchao Zhang, Dongxian Li, Yuhua Li, Rui Zhang, Xianghuan Xie, Yi Yao, Linfei Zhao, Xiaowei Tian, Zhenke Yang, Shuai Wang, Xuejing Yue, Xuefang Mei
    Infectious Agents and Cancer.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Roles of Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Prostate Cancer
    Chenglin Han, Yuxuan Deng, Wenchao Xu, Zhuo Liu, Tao Wang, Shaogang Wang, Jihong Liu, Xiaming Liu, Eshan Khan
    Journal of Oncology.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
  • Sevoflurane activates the IL-6/HO-1 pathway to promote macrophage M2 polarization and prostate cancer lung metastasis
    Fang Yu, Tao Bai
    International Immunopharmacology.2022; 113: 109380.     CrossRef
  • Signaling Role of Adipocyte Leptin in Prostate Cell Proliferation Induced by Trichomonas vaginalis
    Jung-Hyun Kim, Ik-Hwan Han, Su-Jin Shin, Sung-Yul Park, Hyo-Yeoung Chung, Jae-Sook Ryu
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(3): 235.     CrossRef
  • Proliferation of Mouse Prostate Cancer Cells Inflamed by Trichomonas vaginalis
    Sang-Su Kim, Kyu-Shik Kim, Ik-Hwan Han, Yeseul Kim, Seong Sik Bang, Jung-Hyun Kim, Yong-Suk Kim, Soo-Yeon Choi, Jae-Sook Ryu
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 547.     CrossRef
  • Involvement of Macrophages in Proliferation of Prostate Cancer Cells Infected with Trichomonas vaginalis
    Kyu-Shik Kim, Hong-Sang Moon, Sang-Su Kim, Jae-Sook Ryu
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(6): 557.     CrossRef
  • Is Trichomonas vaginalis a Risk Factor for Prostate Cancer? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Gianpaolo Perletti, Vittorio Magri, Louise Beckers-Perletti, Alberto Trinchieri, Konstantinos Stamatiou
    Hellenic Urology.2021; 33(1): 12.     CrossRef
  • 8,871 View
  • 192 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Production of IL-1β and Inflammasome with Up-Regulated Expressions of NOD-Like Receptor Related Genes in Toxoplasma gondii-Infected THP-1 Macrophages
Jia-Qi Chu, Ge Shi, Yi-Ming Fan, In-Wook Choi, Guang-Ho Cha, Yu Zhou, Young-Ha Lee, Juan-Hua Quan
Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(6):711-717.
Published online December 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.711
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite that stimulates production of high levels of proinflammatory cytokines, which are important for innate immunity. NLRs, i.e., nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, play a crucial role as innate immune sensors and form multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes, which mediate caspase-1-dependent processing of pro-IL-1β. To elucidate the role of inflammasome components in T. gondii-infected THP-1 macrophages, we examined inflammasome-related gene expression and mechanisms of inflammasome-regulated cytokine IL-1β secretion. The results revealed a significant upregulation of IL-1β after T. gondii infection. T. gondii infection also upregulated the expression of inflammasome sensors, including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP6, NLRP8, NLRP13, AIM2, and NAIP, in a time-dependent manner. The infection also upregulated inflammasome adaptor protein ASC and caspase-1 mRNA levels. From this study, we newly found that T. gondii infection regulates NLRC4, NLRP6, NLRP8, NLRP13, AIM2, and neuronal apoptosis inhibitor protein (NAIP) gene expressions in THP-1 macrophages and that the role of the inflammasome-related genes may be critical for mediating the innate immune responses to T. gondii infection.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Investigating the possible role of toxoplasmosis and Interleukin-1β variants on the immune response in Egyptian diabetic patients
    Asmaa Ibrahim, Nancy O. kamel, Fatma Rageh, Rasha Elgamal, Mohamed A. Sakr, Eman M. Osman, Samar s. Ahmed, Hend A. Yassin, Yasmine N. Kamel, Reham F. Othman, Manar Ezzelarab Ramadan
    Microbes and Infection.2025; 27(7): 105559.     CrossRef
  • Early responses of primary human and bovine monocytes, monocytic THP-1 cells and THP-1 cell-derived macrophages to vital Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites
    Dominik Hanke, Zahady D. Velásquez, Kathrin Büttner, Andreas Krueger, Ralf Ross, Andreas Hecker, Sybille Mazurek, Veronika Grau, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla, Katrin Richter, Iván Conejeros
    Frontiers in Immunology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Unraveling the NLRP family: Structure, function, activation, critical influence on tumor progression, and potential as targets for cancer therapy
    Xueqing Zhou, Yongguang Tao, Ying Shi
    Cancer Letters.2024; 605: 217283.     CrossRef
  • Role of inflammasomes in Toxoplasma and Plasmodium infections
    Zhi-xin Wang, Wan-jun Jiao, Yong Yang, Hong-li Liu, Hai-long Wang
    Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • NLRP13 inflammasome complex is hypermethylated in familial Mediterranean fever and global methylation correlates with the disease severity
    Feyzanur Yildirimtepe Caldiran, Koksal Deveci, Ercan Cacan
    Annals of Human Genetics.2023; 87(3): 115.     CrossRef
  • Overview of Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Inflammatory Processes in Toxoplasma gondii Infected Cells
    Ehsan Ahmadpour, Farhad Babaie, Tohid Kazemi, Sirous Mehrani Moghaddam, Ata Moghimi, Ramin Hosseinzadeh, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Abdol Sattar Pagheh
    Pathogens.2023; 12(2): 253.     CrossRef
  • P2X7 Receptor Modulation of the Gut Microbiota and the Inflammasome Determines the Severity of Toxoplasma gondii-Induced Ileitis
    Aline Cristina Abreu Moreira-Souza, Hayandra Ferreira Nanini, Thuany Prado Rangel, Sthefani Rodrigues Batista da Silva, Beatriz Pêgo Damasceno, Beatriz Elias Ribeiro, Cynthia M. Cascabulho, Fabiano Thompson, Camille Leal, Patrícia Teixeira Santana, Siane
    Biomedicines.2023; 11(2): 555.     CrossRef
  • The role of NOD-like receptors in innate immunity
    Cássio Luiz Coutinho Almeida-da-Silva, Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio, Robson Coutinho-Silva, David M. Ojcius
    Frontiers in Immunology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • NLRP3 Plays a Key Role in Antihelminth Immunity in the Enteral and Parenteral Stages of Trichinella spiralis-Infected Mice
    Tian-Xu Pan, Hai-Bin Huang, Hui-Nan Lu, Guang-Xun Zhao, Yu Quan, Jun-Yi Li, Ying Xue, Zhi-Yu Zhu, Yue Wang, Chun-Wei Shi, Nan Wang, Gui-Lian Yang, Chun-Feng Wang, De’Broski R. Herbert
    Infection and Immunity.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Toxoplasma gondii profilin induces NLRP3 activation and IL-1β production/secretion in THP-1 cells
    Hossein Pazoki, Hamed Mirjalali, Maryam Niyyati, Seyed Javad Seyed Tabaei, Nariman Mosaffa, Shabnam Shahrokh, Hamid Asadzadeh Ahdaei, Andreas Kupz, Mohammad Reza Zali
    Microbial Pathogenesis.2023; 180: 106120.     CrossRef
  • Possible therapeutic targets for NLRP3 inflammasome-induced breast cancer
    Xixi Wang, Junyi Lin, Zhe Wang, Zhi Li, Minghua Wang
    Discover Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Toxoplasma gondii Induces Pyroptosis in Human Placental Trophoblast and Amniotic Cells by Inducing ROS Production and Activation of Cathepsin B and NLRP1/NLRP3/NLRC4/AIM2 Inflammasome
    Juan-Hua Quan, Fei Fei Gao, Tian-Zhong Ma, Wei Ye, Xiang Gao, Ming-Zhu Deng, Lan-Lan Yin, In-Wook Choi, Jae-Min Yuk, Guang-Ho Cha, Young-Ha Lee, Jia-Qi Chu
    The American Journal of Pathology.2023; 193(12): 2047.     CrossRef
  • Role of Microgliosis and NLRP3 Inflammasome in Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis and Therapy
    Fillipe M. de Araújo, Lorena Cuenca-Bermejo, Emiliano Fernández-Villalba, Silvia L. Costa, Victor Diogenes A. Silva, Maria Trinidad Herrero
    Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology.2022; 42(5): 1283.     CrossRef
  • Latent Upregulation of Nlrp3, Nlrc4 and Aim2 Differentiates between Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Trichomonas vaginalis Infection
    Sonal Yadav, Vivek Verma, Rakesh Singh Dhanda, Sumeeta Khurana, Manisha Yadav
    Immunological Investigations.2022; 51(5): 1127.     CrossRef
  • P. aeruginosa biofilm activates the NLRP3 inflammasomes in vitro
    Qi Tan, Qing Ai, Yu He, Fang Li, Jialin Yu
    Microbial Pathogenesis.2022; 164: 105379.     CrossRef
  • In silico analysis of expression and DNA methylation profiles of NLRP13 inflammasome in tumor cells
    Feyzanur Yildirimtepe Caldiran, Caglar Berkel, Koksal Deveci, Ercan Cacan
    Human Gene.2022; 33: 201067.     CrossRef
  • The strategies of NLRP3 inflammasome to combat Toxoplasma gondii
    Chanjin Yoon, Yu Seong Ham, Woo Jin Gil, Chul-Su Yang
    Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Expression profiles of NOD-like receptors and regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in Toxoplasma gondii-infected human small intestinal epithelial cells
    Jia-Qi Chu, Fei Fei Gao, Weiyun Wu, Chunchao Li, Zhaobin Pan, Jinhui Sun, Hao Wang, Cong Huang, Sang Hyuk Lee, Juan-Hua Quan, Young-Ha Lee
    Parasites & Vectors.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • RIPK3 Facilitates Host Resistance to Oral Toxoplasma gondii Infection
    Patrick W. Cervantes, Bruno Martorelli Di Genova, Billy Joel Erazo Flores, Laura J. Knoll, Jeroen P. J. Saeij
    Infection and Immunity.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Soluble total antigen derived from Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites increased the expression levels of NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and the release of mature form of IL1β, but downregulated the expression of IL1β and IL18 genes in THP-1cell line
    Hossein Pazoki, Hanieh Mohammad Rahimi, Hamed Mirjalali, Maryam Niyyati, Nariman Mosaffa, Seyed Javad Seyed Tabaei, Shabnam Shahrokh, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, Mohammad Reza Zali
    Microbial Pathogenesis.2021; 158: 105072.     CrossRef
  • Host inflammatory responses to intracellular invaders: Review study
    Ramesh Chandra Rai
    Life Sciences.2020; 240: 117084.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of mice with S4B6 IL-2 complex prevents lethal toxoplasmosis via IL-12- and IL-18-dependent interferon-gamma production by non-CD4 immune cells
    Andreas Kupz, Saparna Pai, Paul R. Giacomin, Jennifer A. Whan, Robert A. Walker, Pierre-Mehdi Hammoudi, Nicholas C. Smith, Catherine M. Miller
    Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Neospora caninum infection induces an isolate virulence-dependent pro-inflammatory gene expression profile in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages
    Marta García-Sánchez, Laura Jiménez-Pelayo, Pilar Horcajo, Esther Collantes-Fernández, Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora, Javier Regidor-Cerrillo
    Parasites & Vectors.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Comparison of Transcriptional Diversity of Swine Macrophages Infected With TgHB1 Strain of Toxoplasma gondii Isolated in China
    Yongle Song, Lindong Song, Xiaoting Wan, Bang Shen, Rui Fang, Min Hu, Junlong Zhao, Yanqin Zhou
    Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cytosolic Recognition of Microbes and Pathogens: Inflammasomes in Action
    Jenni A. Hayward, Anukriti Mathur, Chinh Ngo, Si Ming Man
    Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • P2X7 receptor mediates NLRP3-dependent IL-1β secretion and parasite proliferation in Toxoplasma gondii-infected human small intestinal epithelial cells
    Juan-Hua Quan, Rui Huang, Zhuang Wang, Shuai Huang, In-Wook Choi, Yu Zhou, Young-Ha Lee, Jia-Qi Chu
    Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 12,707 View
  • 294 Download
  • 27 Web of Science
  • Crossref

Brief Communication

Chronic Opisthorchis viverrini Infection and Associated Hepatobiliary Disease Is Associated with Iron Loaded M2-like Macrophages
Moses T. Bility, Banchob Sripa
Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):695-699.
Published online December 23, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.695

Chronic Opisthorchis viverrini-induced hepatobiliary disease is associated with significant leukocyte infiltration, including activated macrophages; however, the polarization of infiltrating macrophages remains to be fully characterized. In this study, we characterized macrophage polarization and phenotype in chronic O. viverrini-induced hepatobiliary disease in humans and hamsters using gene expression and histochemical analysis. Chronic O. viverrini infection and associated hepatobiliary diseases were associated with iron loaded M2-like macrophages in both humans and hamsters. This study provides suggestive evidence that iron loaded M2-like macrophages promote hepatobiliary disease in chronic O. viverrini infection.

Citations

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  • Liver Fluke-Derived Molecules Accelerate Skin Repair Processes in a Mouse Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Anna Kovner, Yaroslav Kapushchak, Oxana Zaparina, Dmitry Ponomarev, Maria Pakharukova
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(22): 12002.     CrossRef
  • Exploring the role of macrophages in determining the pathogenesis of liver fluke infection
    Susel Loli Quinteros, Bronwyn O'Brien, Sheila Donnelly
    Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1364.     CrossRef
  • Wound healing approach based on excretory-secretory product and lysate of liver flukes
    Anna V. Kovner, Alena A. Tarasenko, Oxana Zaparina, Olga V. Tikhonova, Maria Y. Pakharukova, Viatcheslav A. Mordvinov
    Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The pathogenic potential of the combined action of chronic Opisthorchis felineus infection and repeated social defeat stress in C57BL/6 mice
    Damira Avgustinovich, Anna Kovner, Elena Kashina, Natalia Shatskaya, Galina Vishnivetskaya, Natalia Bondar, Maria Lvova
    International Journal for Parasitology.2021; 51(5): 353.     CrossRef
  • High macrophage activities are associated with advanced periductal fibrosis in chronic Opisthorchis viverrini infection
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Original Articles

Anti-Apoptotic Effects of SERPIN B3 and B4 via STAT6 Activation in Macrophages after Infection with Toxoplasma gondii
Kyoung Ju Song, Hye-Jin Ahn, Ho-Woo Nam
Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):1-6.
Published online March 6, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.1

Toxoplasma gondii penetrates all kinds of nucleated eukaryotic cells but modulates host cells differently for its intracellular survival. In a previous study, we found out that serine protease inhibitors B3 and B4 (SERPIN B3/B4 because of their very high homology) were significantly induced in THP-1-derived macrophages infected with T. gondii through activation of STAT6. In this study, to evaluate the effects of the induced SERPIN B3/B4 on the apoptosis of T. gondii-infected THP-1 cells, we designed and tested various small interfering (si-) RNAs of SERPIN B3 or B4 in staurosporine-induced apoptosis of THP-1 cells. Anti-apoptotic characteristics of THP-1 cells after infection with T. gondii disappeared when SERPIN B3/B4 were knock-downed with gene specific si-RNAs transfected into THP-1 cells as detected by the cleaved caspase 3, poly-ADP ribose polymerase and DNA fragmentation. This anti-apoptotic effect was confirmed in SERPIN B3/B4 overexpressed HeLa cells. We also investigated whether inhibition of STAT6 affects the function of SERPIN B3/B4, and vice versa. Inhibition of SERPIN B3/B4 did not influence STAT6 expression but SERPIN B3/B4 expression was inhibited by STAT6 si-RNA transfection, which confirmed that SERPIN B3/B4 was induced under the control of STAT6 activation. These results suggest that T. gondii induces SERPIN B3/B4 expression via STAT6 activation to inhibit the apoptosis of infected THP-1 cells for longer survival of the intracellular parasites themselves.

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Use of In Vivo and In Vitro Systems to Select Leishmania amazonensis Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein
Solange dos Santos Costa, Marjorie de Assis Golim, Bartira Rossi-Bergmann, Fabio Trindade Maranh?o Costa, Selma Giorgio
Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(4):357-364.
Published online December 16, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.4.357

Various Leishmania species were engineered with green fluorescent protein (GFP) using episomal vectors that encoded an antibiotic resistance gene, such as aminoglycoside geneticin sulphate (G418). Most reports of GFP-Leishmania have used the flagellated extracellular promastigote, the stage of parasite detected in the midgut of the sandfly vector; fewer studies have been performed with amastigotes, the stage of parasite detected in mammals. In this study, comparisons were made regarding the efficiency for in vitro G418 selection of GFP-Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes and amastigotes and the use of in vivo G418 selection. The GFP-promastigotes retained episomal plasmid for a prolonged period and G418 treatment was necessary and efficient for in vitro selection. In contrast, GFP-amastigotes showed low retention of the episomal plasmid in the absence of G418 selection and low sensitivity to antibiotics in vitro. The use of protocols for G418 selection using infected BALB/c mice also indicated low sensitivity to antibiotics against amastigotes in cutaneous lesions.

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Parasitic Helminth Cystatin Inhibits DSS-Induced Intestinal Inflammation Via IL-10+F4/80+ Macrophage Recruitment
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Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(3):245-254.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.3.245

Many immune down-regulatory molecules have been isolated from parasites, including cystatin (cystain protease inhibitor). In a previous study, we isolated and characterized Type I cystatin (CsStefin-1) of the liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis. To investigate whether the CsStefin-1 might be a new host immune modulator, we induced intestinal inflammation in mice by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) and treated them with recombinant CsStefin-1 (rCsStefin-1). The disease activity index (DAI) increased in DSS only-treated mice. In contrast, the DAI value was significantly reduced in rCsStefin-1-treated mice than DSS only-treated mice. In addition, the colon length of DSS only-treated mice was shorter than that of rCsStefin-1 treated mice. The secretion levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were significantly increased by DSS treatment, but the level of TNF-α in MLNs was significantly decreased by rCsStefin-1 treatment. IL-10 production in both spleen and MLNs was significantly increased, and IL-10+F4/80+ macrophage cells were significantly increased in the spleen and MLNs of rCsStefin-1 treated mice after DSS treatment. In conclusion, rCsStefin-1 could reduce the intestinal inflammation occurring after DSS treatment, these effects might be related with recruitment of IL-10 secreting macrophages.

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Proinflammatory Cytokine and Nitric Oxide Production by Human Macrophages Stimulated with Trichomonas vaginalis
Ik-Hwan Han, Sung Young Goo, Soon-Jung Park, Se-Jin Hwang, Yong-Seok Kim, Michael Sungwoo Yang, Myoung-Hee Ahn, Jae-Sook Ryu
Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(3):205-212.
Published online August 28, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.3.205

Trichomonas vaginalis commonly causes vaginitis and perhaps cervicitis in women and urethritis in men and women. Macrophages are important immune cells in response to T. vaginalis infection. In this study, we investigated whether human macrophages could be involved in inflammation induced by T. vaginalis. Human monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDM) were co-cultured with T. vaginalis. Live, opsonized-live trichomonads, and T. vaginalis lysates increased proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 by HMDM. The involvement of nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway in cytokine production induced by T. vaginalis was confirmed by phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of p65 NF-κB. In addition, stimulation with live T. vaginalis induced marked augmentation of nitric oxide (NO) production and expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) levels in HMDM. However, trichomonad-induced NF-κB activation and TNF-α production in macrophages were significantly inhibited by inhibition of iNOS levels with L-NMMA (NO synthase inhibitor). Moreover, pretreatment with NF-κB inhibitors (PDTC or Bay11-7082) caused human macrophages to produce less TNF-α. These results suggest that T. vaginalis stimulates human macrophages to produce proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α, and NO. In particular, we showed that T. vaginalis induced TNF-α production in macrophages through NO-dependent activation of NF-κB, which might be closely involved in inflammation caused by T. vaginalis.

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Suppressed Production of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines by LPS-Activated Macrophages after Treatment with Toxoplasma gondii Lysate
Eun-Jung Lee, Yoo-Mi Heo, Jong-Hak Choi, Hyun-Ouk Song, Jae-Sook Ryu, Myoung-Hee Ahn
Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(3):145-151.
Published online September 20, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.3.145

During Toxoplasma gondii infection, macrophages, dendritic cells, and neutrophils are important sources of pro-inflammatory cytokines from the host. To counteract the pro-inflammatory activities, T. gondii is known to have several mechanisms inducing down-regulation of the host immunity. In the present study, we analyzed the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines from a human myelomonocytic cell line, THP-1 cells, in response to treatment with T. gondii lysate or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Treatment of THP-1 cells with LPS induced production of IL-12, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-10. Co-treatment of THP-1 cells with T. gondii lysate inhibited the LPS-induced IL-12, IL-8 and TNF-α expression, but increased the level of IL-10 synergistically. IL-12 and IL-10 production was down-regulated by anti-human toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 and TLR4 antibodies. T. gondii lysate triggered nuclear factor (NF)-κB-dependent IL-8 expression in HEK293 cells transfected with TLR2. It is suggested that immunosuppression induced by T. gondii lysate treatment might occur via TLR2-mediated NF-κB activation.

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    Jonathan G. Boucher, Kelley A. Parato, Fiona Frappier, Peter Fairman, Aurelia Busca, Mansi Saxena, Maria A. Blahoianu, Wei Ma, Niranjala Gajanayaka, Robin J. Parks, Ashok Kumar, Jonathan B. Angel
    Viral Immunology.2010; 23(1): 17.     CrossRef
  • Proinflammatory Cytokine and Nitric Oxide Production by Human Macrophages Stimulated with Trichomonas vaginalis
    Ik-Hwan Han, Sung Young Goo, Soon-Jung Park, Se-Jin Hwang, Yong-Seok Kim, Michael Sungwoo Yang, Myoung-Hee Ahn, Jae-Sook Ryu
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(3): 205.     CrossRef
  • 10,190 View
  • 110 Download
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Mini Review

Trichomonas vaginalis and trichomoniasis in the Republic of Korea
Jae-Sook Ryu, Duk-Young Min
Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(2):101-116.
Published online June 20, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.2.101

Vaginal trichomoniasis, caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, is the most common sexually transmitted disease. More than 170 million people worldwide are annually infected by this protozoan. In the Republic of Korea, 10.4% of women complaining of vaginal symptoms and signs were found to be infected with T. vaginalis. However, despite its high prevalence, the pathogenesis of T. vaginalis infection has not been clearly characterized although neutrophil infiltration is considered to be primarily responsible for the cytologic changes associated with this infection. We hypothesized that trichomonads in the vagina sometime after an acute infection secrete proteins like excretory-secretory product that have a chemotactic effect on neutrophils, and that these neutrophils are further stimulated by T. vaginalis to produce chemokines like IL-8 and GRO-α, which further promote neutrophil recruitment and chemotaxis. Thus, neutrophil accumulation is believed to maintain or aggravate inflammation. However, enhanced neutrophil apoptosis induced by live T. vaginalis could contribute to resolution of inflammation. Macrophages may constitute an important component of host defense against T. vaginalis infection. For example, mouse macrophages alone and those activated by lymphokines or nitric oxide are known to be involved in the extracellular killing of T. vaginalis. In the host, T. vaginalis uses a capping phenomenon to cleave host immunoglobulins with proteinases and thus escape from host immune responses. Recently, we developed a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique using primers based on a repetitive sequence cloned from T. vaginalis (TV-E650), and found that the method enables the detection of T. vaginalis at concentrations as low as 1 cell per PCR mixture.

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    Eduardo Apolinário, Maria Leonor Castro, Manuela Pintado, João Paulo Ferreira, Sara Baptista-Silva, Sandra Borges
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    Maryam Alikhani, Mohammad Akhoundi, Denis Sereno, Jahangir Abdi, Razi Naserifar, Mohammad Reza Mahmoudi, Asad Mirzaei
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  • Spatiotemporal Clusters and Trend of Trichomonas vaginalis Infection in Korea
    Yeong Hoon Kim, Hye-Jin Ahn, Dongjae Kim, Ho-Woo Nam
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(2): 97.     CrossRef
  • Mast cell tryptase‐PAR2 pathway in proliferation of prostatic stromal cells reacted with Trichomonas vaginalis
    Chang‐Suk Noh, Hyo‐Yeoung Chung, Ik‐Hwan Han, Jung‐Hyun Kim, Yu‐Mi Kim, Jae‐Sook Ryu
    Parasite Immunology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Trichomoniasis in a tertiary hospital of Madrid, Spain (2013–2017): prevalence and pregnancy rate, coinfections, metronidazole resistance, and endosymbiosis
    Celia Bolumburu, Vega Zamora, María Muñoz-Algarra, Francisca Portero-Azorín, José Antonio Escario, Alexandra Ibáñez-Escribano
    Parasitology Research.2020; 119(6): 1915.     CrossRef
  • Neutrophil interactions with the sexually transmitted parasite Trichomonas vaginalis: implications for immunity and pathogenesis
    Suhani B. Bhakta, Jose A. Moran, Frances Mercer
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    Sung-Tae Hong, Tai-Soon Yong
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    Paul Barrow, Jean Claude Dujardin, Nicolas Fasel, Alex D. Greenwood, Klaus Osterrieder, George Lomonossoff, Pier Luigi Fiori, Robert Atterbury, Matteo Rossi, Marco Lalle
    Virology Journal.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Lactobacillus inersIs Associated with Vaginal Dysbiosis in Healthy Pregnant Women: A Preliminary Study
    Nengneng Zheng, Renyong Guo, Yinyu Yao, Meiyuan Jin, Yiwen Cheng, Zongxin Ling
    BioMed Research International.2019; 2019: 1.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis in Women Visiting 2 Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics in Daegu, South Korea
    Youn-Kyoung Goo, Won-Sik Shin, Hye-Won Yang, So-Young Joo, Su-Min Song, Jae-Sook Ryu, Won-Myung Lee, Hyun-Hee Kong, Won-Ki Lee, Sang-Eun Lee, Won-Ja Lee, Dong-Il Chung, Yeonchul Hong
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(1): 75.     CrossRef
  • Epidemiology of Trichomoniasis in South Korea and Increasing Trend in Incidence, Health Insurance Review and Assessment 2009-2014
    So-Young Joo, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Jae-Sook Ryu, Sang-Eun Lee, Won Kee Lee, Dong-Il Chung, Yeonchul Hong, Zhefeng Meng
    PLOS ONE.2016; 11(12): e0167938.     CrossRef
  • Prostatic Disease Associated withTrichomonas vaginalis
    Jae-Sook Ryu
    The Korean Journal of Urogenital Tract Infection and Inflammation.2014; 9(2): 61.     CrossRef
  • Inhibitory effect of bee venom on the growth of Trichomonas vaginalis
    Ji-Hae Kim, Jae-Sook Ryu, Mi-Young Lee
    Toxicology and Environmental Health Sciences.2014; 6(1): 48.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of Seeplex® STD6 ACE Detection kit for the diagnosis of six bacterial sexually transmitted infections
    Seung-Ju Lee, Dong Sup Lee, Hyun-Sop Choe, Dong Choon Park, Yong-Hyun Cho
    Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2012; 18(4): 494.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Implications of Multiplex PCR Detection of Fastidious Microorganisms in Vaginitis Patients
    Nae Yu, Mi-Kyung Lee
    Korean Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2011; 14(1): 30.     CrossRef
  • Lactobacillus acidophilusContributes to a Healthy Environment for Vaginal Epithelial Cells
    Woojin Pi, Jae-Sook Ryu, Jaesook Roh
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(3): 295.     CrossRef
  • Trichomoniasis
    Jae-Sook Ryu
    Hanyang Medical Reviews.2010; 30(3): 213.     CrossRef
  • Structural details and composition of Trichomonas vaginalis lipophosphoglycan in relevance to the epithelial immune function
    Bibhuti N. Singh, Gary R. Hayes, John J. Lucas, Ulf Sommer, Nelly Viseux, Ekaterina Mirgorodskaya, Radiana T. Trifonova, Rosaria Rita S. Sassi, Catherine E. Costello, Raina N. Fichorova
    Glycoconjugate Journal.2009; 26(1): 3.     CrossRef
  • A Case of Pulmonary Trichomoniasis in a Young Healthy Male
    Sung Soo La, Jae Hwan Kong, Chang Seok Bang, Sung Hwhan Hahn, Na-Hye Myong, Doh Hyung Kim
    Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases.2008; 64(5): 387.     CrossRef
  • 18,453 View
  • 125 Download
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Original Articles
Production of nitric oxide by murine macrophages induced by lipophosphoglycan of Leishmania major
Gholamreza Kavoosi, Sussan K. Ardestani, Amina Kariminia, Zahra Tavakoli
Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(1):35-41.
Published online March 20, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.1.35

Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania cause a number of important human diseases. One of the key determinants of parasite infectivity and survival is the surface glycoconjugate lipophosphoglycan (LPG). In addition, LPG is shown to be useful as a transmission blocking vaccine. Since culture supernatant of parasite promastigotes is a good source of LPG, we made attempts to characterize functions of the culture supernatant, and membrane LPG isolated from metacyclic promastigotes of Leishmania major. The purification scheme included anion-exchange chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and cold methanol precipitation. The purity of supernatant LPG (sLPG) and membrane LPG (mLPG) was determined by SDS-PAGE and thin layer chromatography. The effect of mLPG and sLPG on nitric oxide (NO) production by murine macrophages cell line (J774.1A) was studied. Both sLPG and mLPG induced NO production in a dose dependent manner but sLPG induced significantly higher amount of NO than mLPG. Our results show that sLPG is able to promote NO production by murine macrophages.

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    Teshager Dubie, Yasin Mohammed, Patrice Xavier Petit
    Journal of Immunology Research.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Zoheir Dahmani, Lynda Addou-Klouche, Florence Gizard, Sara Dahou, Aida Messaoud, Nihel Chahinez Djebri, Mahmoud Idris Benaissti, Meriem Mostefaoui, Hadjer Terbeche, Wafa Nouari, Marwa Miliani, Gérard Lefranc, Anne Fernandez, Ned J. Lamb, Mourad Aribi, Sal
    PLOS ONE.2020; 15(10): e0240982.     CrossRef
  • Future Prospects in the Treatment of Parasitic Diseases: 2-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles in Leishmaniasis
    Georgeta Serban
    Molecules.2019; 24(8): 1557.     CrossRef
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    Adil M. Allahverdiyev, Rabia Cakir Koc, Melahat Bagirova, Serhat Elcicek, Serap Yesilkir Baydar, Olga Nehir Oztel, Emrah Sefik Abamor, Sezen Canim Ates, Murat Topuzogullari, Sevil Isoglu Dincer, Zeynep Akdeste
    Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2017; 10(9): 877.     CrossRef
  • Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
    Maria Fátima Horta, Bárbara Pinheiro Mendes, Eric Henrique Roma, Fátima Soares Motta Noronha, Juan Pereira Macêdo, Luciana Souza Oliveira, Myrian Morato Duarte, Leda Quercia Vieira
    Journal of Parasitology Research.2012; 2012: 1.     CrossRef
  • DNA damage and nitric oxide production in mice following infection with L. chagasi
    Larissa Ragozo Cardoso de Oliveira, Gláucia Aparecida Gomes Cezário, Carlos Roberto Gonçalves de Lima, Vanessa Cristina Nicolete, Eliana Peresi, Maria Tereza de Síbio, Mariele Cristina Modolo Picka, Sueli Aparecida Calvi
    Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis.2011; 723(2): 177.     CrossRef
  • Antileishmanial Activity of 1,3,4-Thiadiazolium-2-Aminide in Mice Infected withLeishmania amazonensis
    Raquel F. Rodrigues, Karen S. Charret, Edson F. da Silva, Áurea Echevarria, Verônica F. Amaral, Leonor L. Leon, Marilene M. Canto-Cavalheiro
    Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2009; 53(2): 839.     CrossRef
  • Pharmacological evaluation of anti-leishmanial activity by in vivo nitric oxide modulation in Balb/c mice infected with Leishmania major MRHO/IR/75/ER: An Iranian strain of cutaneous leishmaniasis
    Hossein Nahrevanian, Mahin Farahmand, Zohreh Aghighi, Mehdi Assmar, Aref Amirkhani
    Experimental Parasitology.2007; 116(3): 233.     CrossRef
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Toxoplasma gondii: Ultrastructural localization of specific antigens and inhibition of intracellular multiplication by monoclonal antibodies
Boo-Young Lee, Myoung-Hee Ahn, Hyun-Chul Kim, Duk-Young Min
Korean J Parasitol 2001;39(1):67-75.
Published online March 31, 2001
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2001.39.1.67

This experiment was focused on the characterization of anti-Toxoplasma monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and the effect of mAbs on the parasite invasion of mouse peritoneal macrophages. Twenty eight mAbs including M110, M556, R7A6 and M621 were characterized by Ab titer, immunoglobulin isotyping and western blot pattern. Antibody titer (optical density) of 4 mAbs, M110, M556, R7A6 and M621, were 0.53, 0.67, 0.45 and 0.39 (normal mouse serum; 0.19) with the same IgG1 isotypes shown by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blot analysis showed that M110, M556, R7A6 and M621 reacted with the 33 kDa (p30), 31 kDa (p28), 43 kDa and 36 kDa protein. Immunogold labelling of mAbs M110, M556, R7A6 and M621 reacted with the surface membrane, dense granules and parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM), rhoptries and cytoplasm of tachyzoite, respectively. For in vitro assay, preincubation of tachyzoites with four mAbs, M110, M556, R7A6 and M621 resulted in the decrease of the number of infected macrophages (p < 0.05) and the suppression of parasite multiplication at 18 h postinfection. Four monoclonal antibodies including M110 (SAG1) were found to have an important role in the inhibition of macrophage invasion and T. gondii multiplication in vitro, and these mAbs may be suitable for vaccine candidates, diagnostic kit and for chemotherapy.

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  • Engineering and Functional Evaluation of Neutralizing Antibody Fragments Against Congenital Toxoplasmosis
    Anne di Tommaso, Matthieu O Juste, Zineb Lakhrif, Marie-Noëlle Mévélec, Coraline Borowczyk, Pierre Hammeni, Guillaume Désoubeaux, Nathalie Van Langendonck, Françoise Debierre-Grockiego, Nicolas Aubrey, Isabelle Dimier-Poisson
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2021; 224(4): 705.     CrossRef
  • Molecular cloning and characterization ofNcROP2Fam-1, a member of the ROP2 family of rhoptry proteins inNeospora caninumthat is targeted by antibodies neutralizing host cell invasionin vitro
    FERIAL ALAEDDINE, ANDREW HEMPHILL, KARIM DEBACHE, CHRISTOPHE GUIONAUD
    Parasitology.2013; 140(8): 1033.     CrossRef
  • Toxoplasma gondii: Ultrastructure study of the entry of tachyzoites into mammalian cells
    Fawzia H. Toulah, Saedia A. Sayed Al-Ahl, Dawlat M. Amin, Mona H. Hamouda
    Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences.2011; 18(2): 151.     CrossRef
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    Robert W. Li, Wenbin Tuo
    Experimental Parasitology.2011; 129(4): 346.     CrossRef
  • Generation of a Neutralizing Human Monoclonal Antibody Fab Fragment to Surface Antigen 1 ofToxoplasma gondiiTachyzoites
    Yong-Feng Fu, Meng Feng, Kenji Ohnishi, Tamon Kimura, Johbu Itoh, Xun-Jia Cheng, Hiroshi Tachibana, J. H. Adams
    Infection and Immunity.2011; 79(1): 512.     CrossRef
  • Multiplex PCR-aided Differential Diagnosis of Taeniid Species

    Journal of Life Science.2010; 20(6): 955.     CrossRef
  • Rab11A-Controlled Assembly of the Inner Membrane Complex Is Required for Completion of Apicomplexan Cytokinesis
    Carolina Agop-Nersesian, Bernina Naissant, Fathia Ben Rached, Manuel Rauch, Angelika Kretzschmar, Sabine Thiberge, Robert Menard, David J. P. Ferguson, Markus Meissner, Gordon Langsley, L. David Sibley
    PLoS Pathogens.2009; 5(1): e1000270.     CrossRef
  • Effects of specific monoclonal antibodies to dense granular proteins on the invasion of Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and in vivo
    Dong Yeob Cha, In Kwan Song, Gye Sung Lee, Ok-Sun Hwang, Hyung-Jun Noh, Seung-Dong Yeo, Dae-Whan Shin, Young-Ha Lee
    The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2001; 39(3): 233.     CrossRef
  • 8,815 View
  • 87 Download
  • Crossref
Non-specific activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages by a freshwater ciliate, Tetrahymena pyriformis
Younghun Jung, Ki-Sun Kim, Pyung-Rim Chung
Korean J Parasitol 2000;38(2):65-74.
Published online June 30, 2000
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2000.38.2.65

Toxoplasma-killing activities of mouse peritoneal macrophages activated by the extracts of Tetrahymena pyriformis (Korean and Chinese strains) were evaluated, and the active protein fractions from both strains were partially characterized by a method including chromatographies and SDS-PAGE. The first peak in Korean strain and the second peak in Chinese strain of T. pyriformis obtained by DEAE-Sephadex A-50 chromatography were most effective in the activation of macrophages to kill Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in vitro. Subsequent fractionations of obtained peak fractions were performed on a Sephadex G-200 gel. The first peaks fractionated from both strains of T. pyriformis had the highest toxoplasmacidal activities, and when subjected to the SDS-PAGE, one prominent band was visualized for each of the strains showing the same molecular weight of ca. 52.6 kDa. This active protein is suggested to be related to non-specific activation of mouse peritoneal macrophages.

  • 7,069 View
  • 67 Download
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