Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"nested-PCR"

Original Articles

Comparison of Placenta PCR and Maternal Serology of Aborted Women for Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Ardabil, Iran: Somaie Matin, Gholamreza Shahbazi, Shervin Tabrizian Namin, Rouhallah Moradpour, Farideh Feizi, Hadi Piri-dogahe; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(6):607-612.
Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.6.607

Abstract
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Primary maternal infection with toxoplasmosis during pregnancy is frequently associated with transplacental transmission of the parasite to the fetus. This study was conducted to test the utility of PCR assay to detect recent infections with Toxoplasma in aborted women at various gestational ages who referred to Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Alavi Hospital in Ardabil during 2014 and 2016. Two hundred women with a history of single or repeated abortion were investigated in this study. Blood samples were tested for specific anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies by ELISA. According to the results, 53.5% of the women under study were positive for anti-Toxoplasma antibodies: 4.0% of them had IgM, 43.0% had IgG, and 6.5% had both IgM and IgG. Subsequently, Nested-PCR analysis was used to detect T. gondii DNA in the placenta of subjects. In 10.5% of the women, the results were positive for 529 bp element of T. gondii. Among them, 5 (23.8%) cases were IgM positive, 1 (4.8%) case was IgG positive, and 11 (52.4%) were both IgM and IgG positive. In 4 (19.0%) patients, none of the antibodies were found to be positive. In total, 16 patients had positive results in both ELISA and PCR methods, and 174 cases had negative results for new infection. The findings of this study revealed that T. gondii might be one of the significant factors leading to abortion, and that the analysis of placenta can be important in order to achieve increased detection sensitivity.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Seroepidemiology, molecular detection, and isolation attempts of Toxoplasma gondii in dairy goats from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Igor Falco Arruda, Patricia Riddell Millar, Fernanda da Silva Lopes, Caroline Martins da Costa, Mario Felipe Alvarez Balaro, Lucas Almeida Zangirolami, Raissa Cristina Ferreira Ramos, Thamires Francisco Bonifácio, Julia Araujo Panza Ribeiro, Maria Regina
Veterinary Research Communications.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection in the Iranian Women of Reproductive Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Data Published Between 2010 - 2024
Forouzan Rahmani, Shabnam Hasani, Masoumeh Sadat Mousavi, Leila Kianfard
Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Unraveling the link: serological and molecular insights into Toxoplasma gondii infection in women with spontaneous abortion history
Narges Arbabi, Nima Firouzeh, Seyed Ghader Azizi, Ahmad Mehravaran, Soudabeh Etemadi, Reza Shafiei, Hadi Mirahmadi
Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
IgG avidity and placenta real-time PCR in detection of active maternal toxoplasmosis: relation to pregnancy outcomes
Amal Farahat Allam, Amel Youssef Shehab, Nashwa Abdelaleem Ahmed, Amel Gaber Elshereedy, Hoda Fahmy Farag, Sarah Mohamed Abdo, Heba Said Ibrahim
Experimental Parasitology.2025; 279: 109065. CrossRef
Comparison of immunological and molecular methods for laboratory diagnosis of ocular toxoplasmosis in blood, serum and tears in Brazil
Raissa Cristina Ferreira Ramos, Alynne da Silva Barbosa, Ana Luisa Quintella do Couto Aleixo, Igor Falco Arruda, Maria Regina Reis Amendoeira, Khaled Abd EL-Hamid Abd EL-Razik
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(2): e0298393. CrossRef
Serological and molecular detection of Toxoplasma gondii in ß. thalassemia patients
Naglaa Fathi Abd El-Latif, Aziza Ibrahim Salem, Nadia Aly Sadek, Sally A. M. Salah, Doaa Gaber Shalaby, Heba Elhadad
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2023; 47(4): 778. CrossRef
Infectious and environmental placental insults: from underlying biological pathways to diagnostics and treatments
Samuel Chenge, Harrison Ngure, Bernard N Kanoi, Amanda N Sferruzzi-Perri, Francis M Kobia
Pathogens and Disease.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection among women with miscarriage and their aborted fetuses in the northwest of Iran
Shiva Zeinali, Shahram Khademvatan, Rasool Jafari, Shabnam Vazifekhah, Elham Yousefi, Tahereh Behroozi-Lak, Bibi Razieh Hosseini Farash
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(10): e0283493. CrossRef
Toksoplazma serolojisi pozitif gebelerde intrauterin toksoplazmoz riskinin değerlendirilmesi
Ümit GÖRKEM, Cagdaş KOCAMAN, Djursun KARASARTOVA, Deniz TAŞKIRAN, Ayşe GÜRESER, Cahit BABÜR, Nezahat KOŞAR, Ayşegül TAYLAN ÖZKAN
Avrasya Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2022; 5(3): 54. CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii-associated Placentitis in the absence of maternal seroconversion
Christen Rune Stensvold, Lone Storgaard, Lisa Leth Maroun, Jørgen Anders Lindholm Kurtzhals, Henrik Vedel Nielsen
Parasite Epidemiology and Control.2022; 19: e00279. CrossRef
Detection and genetic characterisation of Toxoplasma gondii circulating in free-range chickens, pigs and seropositive pregnant women in Benue state, Nigeria
Ifeoma N. Nzelu, Jacob K. P. Kwaga, Junaidu Kabir, Idris A. Lawal, Christy Beazley, Laura Evans, Damer P. Blake, Arnau Casanovas-Massana
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2021; 15(6): e0009458. CrossRef
Toxoplasma gondii infection and spontaneous abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Narges Kalantari, Tahmineh Gorgani-Firouzjaee, Zahra Moulana, Mohammad Chehrazi, Salman Ghaffari
Microbial Pathogenesis.2021; 158: 105070. CrossRef
Genetic characterization of Toxoplasma gondii isolates from human spontaneous aborted fetuses in Jahrom, southern Iran
Salar Maani, Hassan Rezanezhad, Kavous Solhjoo, Mohsen Kalantari, Saiedeh Erfanian
Microbial Pathogenesis.2021; 161: 105217. CrossRef
Detection of Acute and Chronic Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Women with History of Abortion in the Southwest of Iran
Jasem Saki, Maryam Zamanpour, Mahin Najafian, Niloofar Mohammadpour, Masoud Foroutan, José F. Silveira
Journal of Parasitology Research.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
The global seroprevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in women who had spontaneous abortion: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Tooran Nayeri, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Afsaneh Amouei, Zahra Hosseininejad, Ahmad Daryani, Maria Angeles Gómez-Morales
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(3): e0008103. CrossRef
Factors associated with spontaneous abortion: a systematic review
Maria Tânia Silva Oliveira, Caline Novais Teixeira Oliveira, Lucas Miranda Marques, Cláudio Lima Souza, Márcio Vasconcelos Oliveira
Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil.2020; 20(2): 361. CrossRef
Molecular genotyping and serological evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii in mothers and their spontaneous aborted fetuses in Southwest of Iran
Nasir Arefkhah, Bahman Pourabbas, Qasem Asgari, Abdolali Moshfe, Fataneh Mikaeili, Gordafarin Nikbakht, Bahador Sarkari
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.2019; 66: 101342. CrossRef
Evaluation of Toxoplasma gondii B1 gene in Placental Tissues of Pregnant Women with Acute Toxoplasmosis
Khosro Sardarian, Amir Hossein Maghsood, Marzieh Farimani, Mehrdad Hajiloii, Massoud Saidijam, Mahsa Rezaeepoor, Hanie Mahaki, Alireza Zamani
Advanced Biomedical Research.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Characteristics of Imported Malaria and Species of Plasmodium Involved in Shandong Province, China (2012-2014): Chao Xu, Qing-Kuan Wei, Jin Li, Ting Xiao, Kun Yin, Chang-Lei Zhao, Yong-Bin Wang, Xiang-Li Kong, Gui-Hua Zhao, Hui Sun, Xin Liu, Bing-Cheng Huang; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(4):407-414.
Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.407

Abstract
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Malaria remains a serious public health problem in Shandong Province, China; therefore, it is important to explore the characteristics of the current malaria prevalence situation in the province. In this study, data of malaria cases reported in Shandong during 2012-2014 were analyzed, and Plasmodium species were confirmed by smear microscopy and nested-PCR. A total of 374 malaria cases were reported, 80.8% of which were reported from 6 prefectures. Of all cases, P. falciparum was dominant (81.3%), followed by P. vivax (11.8%); P. ovale and P. malariae together accounted for 6.4% of cases. Notably, for the first time since 2012, no indigenous case had been reported in Shandong Province, a situation that continued through 2014. Total 95.2% of cases were imported from Africa. The ratio of male/female was 92.5:1, and 96.8% of cases occurred in people 20-54 years of age. Farmers or laborers represented 77.5% of cases. No significant trends of monthly pattern were found in the reported cases. All patients were in good condition after treatment, except for 3 who died. These results indicate that imported malaria has increased significantly since 2012 in Shandong Province, especially for P. falciparum, and there is an emergence of species diversity.

Citations

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Toward the Elimination of Malaria in China: A Retrospective Analysis of Malaria-Endemic Characteristics and Prevention Effects in Yantai, Shandong Province, 1951 to 2017
Xiao Song, Yang Wang, Xiangli Kong, Haifang Wang, Xiaodan Huang, Hongmei Liu, Lijuan Liu, Xiuxia Guo, Chongxing Zhang, Yuqiang Zhao, Jingxuan Kou, Huaiwei Wang, Peng Cheng, Maoqing Gong
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2020; 20(3): 197. CrossRef
The impact of imported malaria by gold miners in Roraima: characterizing the spatial dynamics of autochthonous and imported malaria in an urban region of Boa Vista
Jaime Louzada, Nathália Coelho Vargas de Almeida, Joao Luiz Pereira de Araujo, Júlio Silva, Thiago M Carvalho, Ananias A Escalante, Joseli Oliveira-Ferreira
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular epidemiological surveillance of Africa and Asia imported malaria in Wuhan, Central China: comparison of diagnostic tools during 2011–2018
Yiting Xie, Kai Wu, Weijia Cheng, Tingting Jiang, Yi Yao, Mingxing Xu, Yan Yang, Huabing Tan, Jian Li
Malaria Journal.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Misidentification of Plasmodium ovale as Plasmodium vivax malaria by a microscopic method: a meta-analysis of confirmed P. ovale cases
Manas Kotepui, Frederick Ramirez Masangkay, Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui, Giovanni De Jesus Milanez
Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Monitoring and evaluation of intervals from onset of fever to diagnosis before “1-3-7” approach in malaria elimination: a retrospective study in Shanxi Province, China from 2013 to 2018
Ting Wang, Shui-Sen Zhou, Jun Feng, Myo Minn Oo, Jing Chen, Chang-Fu Yan, Yi Zhang, Ping Tie
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Surveillance of Antimalarial Resistance Pfcrt, Pfmdr1, and Pfkelch13 Polymorphisms in African Plasmodium falciparum imported to Shandong Province, China
Chao Xu, Qingkuan Wei, Kun Yin, Hui Sun, Jin Li, Ting Xiao, Xiangli Kong, Yongbin Wang, Guihua Zhao, Song Zhu, Jingxuan Kou, Ge Yan, Bingcheng Huang
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Epidemiological analysis of 133 malaria cases in Shanxian county, Shandong Province, China
Qi-Qi Shi, Peng Cheng, Chong-Xing Zhang, Xiu-Xia Guo, Li-Juan Liu, Hai-Fang Wang, Jing-Xuan Kou, Xiao-Dan Huang, Huai-Wei Wang, Mao-Qing Gong
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8 Web of Science
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Toxoplasma gondii B1 Gene Detection in Feces of Stray Cats around Seoul, Korea and Genotype Analysis of Two Laboratory-Passaged Isolates: Bong-Kwang Jung, Sang-Eun Lee, Hyemi Lim, Jaeeun Cho, Deok-Gyu Kim, Hyemi Song, Min-Jae Kim, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):259-263.
Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.259

Abstract
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The increasing prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the human population in the Republic of Korea (= Korea) is due to various reasons such as an increase in meat consumption. However, the importance of cats in transmitting T. gondii infection through oocysts to humans has seldom been assessed. A total of 300 fecal samples of stray cats captured around Seoul from June to August 2013 were examined for T. gondii B1 gene (indicating the presence of oocysts) using nested-PCR. Fourteen (4.7%) of 300 cats examined were positive for B1 gene. Female cats (7.5%) showed a higher prevalence than male cats (1.4%). Cats younger than 3 months (5.5%) showed a higher prevalence than cats (1.5%) older than 3 months. For laboratory passage of the positive samples, the fecal suspension (0.2 ml) of B1 gene positive cats was orally inoculated into experimental mice. Brain tissues of the mice were obtained after 40 days and examined for the presence of tissue cysts. Two isolates were successfully passaged (designated KNIH-1 and KNIH-2) and were molecularly analyzed using the SAG5D and SAG5E gene sequences. The SAG5D and SAG5E gene sequences showed high homologies with the ME49 strain (less virulent strain). The results indicated the importance of stray cats in transmitting T. gondii to humans in Korea, as revealed by detection of B1 gene in fecal samples. T. gondii isolates from cats were successfully passaged in the laboratory for the first time in Korea.

Citations

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Hakim Azizi, Maryam Hataminejad, Ali Taghipour, Maryam Norouzi, Aliyar Mirzapour
Veterinary and Animal Science.2024; 25: 100389. CrossRef
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Mohammad Taher Ismail, Abeer Al‐Kafri
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine.2023; 37(3): 976. CrossRef
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Mian Abdul Hafeez, Muntazir Mehdi, Faiza Aslam, Kamran Ashraf, Muhammad Tahir Aleem, Abdur Rauf Khalid, Adeel Sattar, Syeda Fakhra Waheed, Abdulaziz Alouffi, Omar Obaid Alharbi, Muhammad Abu Bakr Shabbir, Umer Chaudhry, Mashal M. Almutairi
Pathogens.2022; 11(4): 437. CrossRef
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara cati Among Stray and Household Cats and Cat Owners in Tehran, Iran
Poorya Karimi, Soheila Shafaghi-Sisi, Ahmad Reza Meamar, Gelareh Nasiri, Elham Razmjou
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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Chittakun Suwancharoen, Chorpaka Phuangsri, Khanuengnij Prakhammin, Ornampai Japa
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Yeojin Park, Jinhyeong Noh, Hyun-Ji Seo, Keun-Ho Kim, Subin Min, Mi-Sun Yoo, Bo-Ram Yun, Jong-Ho Kim, Eun-Jin Choi, Doo-Sung Cheon, Sung-Jong Hong, Soon-Seek Yoon, Yun Sang Cho
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Majid Khodaverdi, Gholamreza Razmi
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Nested-PCR and a New ELISA-Based NovaLisa Test Kit for Malaria Diagnosis in an Endemic Area of Thailand: Pimwan Thongdee, Wanna Chaijaroenkul, Jiraporn Kuesap, Kesara Na-Bangchang; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(4):377-381.
Published online August 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.4.377

Abstract
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Microscopy is considered as the gold standard for malaria diagnosis although its wide application is limited by the requirement of highly experienced microscopists. PCR and serological tests provide efficient diagnostic performance and have been applied for malaria diagnosis and research. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic performance of nested PCR and a recently developed an ELISA-based new rapid diagnosis test (RDT), NovaLisa test kit, for diagnosis of malaria infection, using microscopic method as the gold standard. The performance of nested-PCR as a malaria diagnostic tool is excellent with respect to its high accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and ability to discriminate Plasmodium species. The sensitivity and specificity of nested-PCR compared with the microscopic method for detection of Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and P. falciparum/P. vivax mixed infection were 71.4 vs 100%, 100 vs 98.7%, and 100 vs 95.0%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the ELISA-based NovaLisa test kit compared with the microscopic method for detection of Plasmodium genus were 89.0 vs 91.6%, respectively. NovaLisa test kit provided comparable diagnostic performance. Its relatively low cost, simplicity, and rapidity enables large scale field application.

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