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Migration and distribution of spargana in body of experimentally infected mice
Won Jin Choi
Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110, Korea.
Abstract
The migration and distribution pattern of spargana in mouse body was observed after experimental infection through mouth. The spargana were obtained from the snake, Natrix tigrina lateralis, caught in Hoengseong-gun, Kangwon-do. A total of 28 male mice (ICR strain), 21-25g in body weight, were fed each with 5 scolices (and necks) of spargana and killed after 10 minutes to 14 days. Systemic autopsy was performed on each mouse to recover the spargana.
The results are as follows:
1. The spargana were found to penetrate into the stomach or duodenal wall of mice as early as 10 minutes after infection. They completed the penetration within 30 minutes and appeared in abdominal cavity. It was observed that spargana did not migrate tangentially along the gut wall but directly perforated the wall.
2. After 1 hour to 1 day the majority of spargana distributed in abdominal cavity of mice except few which migrated to muscles or subcutaneous tissues.
3. It was within 7 days that nearly all of the spargana migrated to subcutaneous tissues. Out of total 28 in number found from subcutaneous tissues, 13 distributed around neck region, 12 around trunk and other 3 on head of mice and the most common sites were submandibular and subscapular areas. There was nearly no host tissue reaction to migrating spargana.
4. The initial length of spargana given was 4 mm in average but it increased to 12 mm after 7 days and to 35 mm after 14 days.
The results suggest that spargana orally given to mice penetrate the gut wall within 30 minutes followed by escaping into abdominal cavity, and after passing through thoracic cavity or abdominal wall they finally localize in subcutaneous tissues chiefly around neck region within 7 days.
Figures
Figs. 1-7 Fig. 1. Three spargana collected from the subcutaneous tissue of a snake, Unnecessary posterior portions had been cut off form easy experimental infection to mice.
Fig. 2. Eight spargana recovered 7 days after infection from subcutaneous tissues of mice. Note th enlarged size.
Fig. 3. Nine spargana recovered 14 days after infection from subcutaneous tissues of mice. Their size enlarged more.
Fig. 4. a sparganum(arrow) penetration the duodenal wall and escaping into the abdominal cavity, 10 minutes after infection.
Fig. 5. Two spargana (arrows) escaping from the duedenum, 10 minutes after infection.
Fig. 6. Mucosal (A) and serosal (B) views of mouse duodenum showing three spargana having penetrated into the wall, 20 minutes after infection. Direct perforation of the wall is suggestive in this figure.
Fig. 7. A sparganum (arrow) migrating on the mesentery adjacent to jejunum of a mouse, 30 minutes after infection.
*All scales in Fig. 1-7 are given in mm.
Fig. 8-11 Fig. 8. Cross section of a mouse duodenum penetrated by a sparganum, 10 minutes after infection. Direct perforation of the wall is evident in this figure. ×40.
Fig. 9. Section of another sparganum penetration the duodenal wall, 20 minutes after infection. ×40.
Fig. 10. Another sparganum penetration the duodenal wall 2 hours after infection. The serosa is relatively intact and this indicates that the site of perforation by sparganum may by very small, ×40.
Fig. 11.Ibid. The mucosal layer of mouse duodenum showing pressure atrophy by the penetrating sparganum. x100.
**Abbreviations: SC-scolex of sparganum, N-neck, IN-intestine of mouse.
Tables
Table 1 Recovery of spargana from mice after oral infection
Table 2 Extra-intestinal locations of spargana after experimental infection in mice
Table 3 Subcutaneous (or muscular) locations of spargana after experimental infection in mice
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