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Original Article

Foodborne Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Northern Vietnam and Their Adults Recovered from Experimental Hamsters

Jong-Yil Chai1, Nguyen Van De2, Woon-Mok Sohn3
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2012;50(4):317-325.
Published online: November 26, 2012

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Corresponding author (wmsohn@gnu.ac.kr)
• Received: July 15, 2012   • Revised: August 12, 2012   • Accepted: August 29, 2012

© 2012, Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Foodborne Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Northern Vietnam and Their Adults Recovered from Experimental Hamsters
Korean J Parasitol. 2012;50(4):317-325.   Published online November 26, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.317
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Foodborne Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Northern Vietnam and Their Adults Recovered from Experimental Hamsters
Korean J Parasitol. 2012;50(4):317-325.   Published online November 26, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.317
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Foodborne Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Northern Vietnam and Their Adults Recovered from Experimental Hamsters
Image Image Image
Fig. 1 Surveyed areas (▪) (Hanoi City and Nam Dinh Province), located in northern Vietnam.
Fig. 2 FBT metacercariae detected in fish hosts from Hanoi and Nam Dinh Province, Vietnam. A) P. varium metacercaria; elliptical and 187×147 µm in average size, having yellowish-brown pigment granules, a pair of eyespots, a muscular oral sucker (OS) and a submedian ventral sucker (VS), a thick-walled expulser, and a D-shaped excretory bladder (EB) with grouped granules. Scale bar=50 µm. B) S. falcatus metacercaria; elliptical and 297×232 µm in average size, having yellowish-brown pigment granules, a muscular oral sucker (OS), and a submedian ventral sucker (VS), a thick-walled expulser (E), and a V-shaped excretory bladder (EB). Scale bar=50 µm. C) H. continua metacercaria; round with relatively thick cyst wall and 458×453 µm in average size, having brownish pigments scattered all over the body, a muscular oral sucker (OS) and a ventral sucker (VS) located median, a genital sucker located just behind the ventral sucker, and a Y-shaped excretory bladder (EB). Scale bar=100 µm.
Fig. 3 Adult heterophyid flukes recovered from experimental hamsters at day 8 post-infection. All scale bars=100 µm. A) H. taichui adult. Body small, 655×305 µm in average size, having a muscular oral sucker (OS) and pharynx (P), a ventrogenital sac (VGS) armed with 11-18 rodlets, a saccular seminal vesicle (SV) and seminal receptacle (SR), a spherical ovary (O), single globular testis (T), and follicular vitellaria distributed in post-ovarian fields. B) H. pumilio adult. Body small, 496×217 µm in average size, having a muscular oral sucker (OS) and pharynx (P), a ventrogenital sac (VGS) equipped with 36-42 deer horn-like minute spines, a saccular seminal vesicle (SV) and seminal receptacle (SR), a spherical ovary (O), single globular testis (T), and follicular vitellaria distributed in post-ovarian fields. C) P. varium adult. Body small, 434×223 µm in average size, having a muscular oral sucker (OS) and a pharynx (P), a small ventral sucker and a long and thick-walled expulsor (E), a spherical ovary (O), single globular testis (T), and follicular vitellaria distributing in post-ovarian fields. D) S. falcatus adult. Body small, 481×239 µm in average size, having a muscular oral sucker (OS) and pharynx (P), a small ventral sucker (VS) and a long and thick-walled expulsor (E), a spherical ovary (O), 2 globular testes (T), and follicular vitellaria distributed in post-ovarian fields. E) C. formosanus adult (left, unstained; right, acetocarmine-stained). Body very small, 367×207 µm in average size, having an oral sucker (OS) armed with 32 circumoral spines (arrow marks), a muscular pharynx (P), a well-developed ventral sucker (VS), a spherical ovary (O), 2 globular testes (T), and follicular vitellaria distributed along extracecal margins from the pharyngeal level to the posterior end.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Foodborne Trematode Metacercariae in Fish from Northern Vietnam and Their Adults Recovered from Experimental Hamsters
Species of fish No. of fish examined Length (cm)
Weight (g)
Range Average Range Average Fish from Hanoia  Cirrhinus molitorella 18 6.0-8.2 7.1 3.4-10.8 7.4  Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 10 6.0-6.8 6.4 2.4-3.9 3.3  Carassius auratus 10 5.0-7.0 6.1 3.3-10.6 6.5  Anabas testudineus 10 5.0-6.6 5.8 4.1-8.9 6.5  Albulichthys albuloides 10 5.2-7.5 6.1 2.6-7.9 4.6  Parabramis pekinensis 7 7.0-8.6 7.6 7.0-14.2 9.0  Puntius semifasciolatus 5 4.0-4.7 4.3 1.5-3.4 2.2  Barbodes balleroides 3 4.5-5.2 4.7 2.1-3.6 2.7  Ctenopharyngodon idella 3 7.3-11.4 9.2 6.2-25.3 14.9 Fish from Nam Dinhb  Carassius auratus 21 4.6-8.2 5.8 2.6-12.6 5.4  Ctenopharyngodon idella 11 5.7-10.0 7.8 4.0-16.2 9.1  Mugil cephalus 10 7.4-11.0 9.4 7.8-19.3 14.0  Anabas testudineus 10 5.5-8.3 6.8 5.6-16.7 10.4  Puntius semifasciolatus 10 4.5-5.8 5.0 2.7-5.5 3.7  Rasbora aurotaenia 5 8.9-9.8 9.5 6.0-11.3 9.2  Coilia lindmani 5 16.2-17.6 17.0 21.0-31.0 25.5  Trichogaster trichopterus 5 6.4-7.1 6.8 9.5-12.4 10.9  Acheilognathus barbatulus 2 4.8-5.9 5.4 3.4-4.8 4.1 Species of fish No. of fish examined No. (%) of fish infected No. of metacercariae detected
Total Range Average Fish from Hanoi  Cirrhinus molitorella 18 18 (100) 431 11-50 23.9  Hypophthalmichthys molitrix 10 9 (90.0) 92 3-22 10.2  Carassius auratus 10 3 (30.0) 5 1-2 1.7  Albulichthys albuloides 10 5 (50.0) 10 1-6 2.0  Parabramis pekinensis 7 6 (85.7) 46 2-14 7.7  Ctenopharyngodon idella 3 3 (100) 5,217 1,360-2,118 1,739  Barbodes balleroides 3 1 (33.3) 1 - 1.0  Subtotal 61 45 (73.8) 5,802 1-2,118 128.9 Fish from Nam Dinh  Carassius auratus 21 20 (95.2) 188 1-26 9.4  Anabas testudineus 10 10 (100) 465 1-218 46.5  Ctenopharyngodon idella 11 9 (81.8) 191 1-43 21.2  Puntius semifasciolatus 10 8 (80.0) 27 1-8 3.4  Rasbora aurotaenia 5 4 (80.0) 14 2-8 3.5  Coilia lindmani 5 3 (60.0) 11 1-9 3.7  Trichogaster trichopterus 5 4 (80.0) 17 3-6 4.3  Acheilognathus barbatulus 2 1 (50.0) 35 - 35.0  Subtotal 69 59 (85.5) 878 1-218 14.9 Total 130 104 (80.0) 6,680 1-2,118 64.2 Species of fish No. of fish examined No. (%) of fish infected No. of metacercariae detected
Total Range Average Fish from Hanoi  Cirrhinus molitorella 18 9 (50.0) 36 1-9 4.0  Anabas testudineus 10 9 (90.0) 403 7-194 44.8  Parabramis pekinensis 7 7 (100) 69 1-22 9.9  Barbodes balleroides 3 1 (33.3) 4 - 4.0  Subtotal 38 26 (68.4) 512 1-194 19.7 Fish from Nam Dinh  Carassius auratus 21 1 (4.8) 1 - 1.0  Anabas testudineus 10 4 (40.0) 9 1-4 2.3  Ctenopharyngodon idella 11 4 (36.4) 20 1-10 5.0  Puntius semifasciolatus 10 1 (10.0) 1 - 1.0  Acheilognathus barbatulus 2 1 (50.0) 2 - 2.0  Subtotal 54 11 (20.4) 33 1-10 3.0 Total 92 37 (40.2) 545 1-194 14.7 Species of fish No. of fish examined No. (%) of fish infected No. of metacercariae detected
Total Range Average Fish from Hanoi  Anabas testudineus 10 10 (100) 4,655 25-1,928 465.5 Fish from Nam Dinh  Anabas testudineus 10 3 (30.0) 37 5-21 13.5  Mugil cephalus 10 6 (60.0) 14 1-5 2.3  Subtotal 20 9 (45.0) 51 1-21 5.7 Total 30 19 (63.3) 4,706 1-1,928 247.7
Table 1. Fish collected from local markets in Hanoi City and Nam Dinh Province, Vietnam

a76 fish and b79 fish in total (9 species each) were examined.

Table 2. Haplorchis pumilio metacercarial infection in fish from local markets in Hanoi City and Nam Dinh Province, Vietnam
Table 3. Centrocestus formosanus metacercarial infection in fish from local markets in Hanoi City and Nam Dinh Province, Vietnam
Table 4. Procerovum varium metacercarial infection in fish from local markets in Hanoi City and Nam Dinh Province, Vietnam

Table 1.

Table 2.

Table 3.

Table 4.

PHD : Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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