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Prevalence of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. in Ticks Collected from Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)
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Prevalence of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. in Ticks Collected from Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)

The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2016;54(1):87-91.
Published online: February 26, 2016

1Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea

25th Medical Detachment, 168th Multifunctional Medical Battalion, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15247, APO AP96205-5247, USA

3Public Health Command District-Korea, 65th Medical Brigade, Unit 15281, APO AP 96205-5281, USA

4College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea

5College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea

6College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea

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*Corresponding author (jschae@snu.ac.kr)
• Received: September 12, 2015   • Revised: October 23, 2015   • Accepted: November 26, 2015

© 2016, Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Prevalence of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. in Ticks Collected from Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)
Korean J Parasitol. 2016;54(1):87-91.   Published online February 26, 2016
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Prevalence of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. in Ticks Collected from Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)
Korean J Parasitol. 2016;54(1):87-91.   Published online February 26, 2016
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Prevalence of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. in Ticks Collected from Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)
Image Image
Fig. 1. Phylogenetic relationships for Anaplasma phagocytophilum (bold letters) detected from ticks collected from Korean water deer and Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species based on partial nucleotide sequences of 16S rRNA gene fragments (926 bp). The neighbor-joining method was used for constructing the phylogenetic tree. The numbers at the nodes are the proportions of 1,000 bootstrap iterations that support the topology shown.
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic relationships for Bartonella grahamii and Bartonella spp. (bold letters) detected from ticks collected from Korean water deer and Bartonella spp. based on partial nucleotide sequences of ITS gene fragments (484 bp). The neighbor-joining method was used for constructing the phylogenetic tree. The numbers at the nodes are the proportions of 1,000 bootstrap iterations that support the topology shown.
Prevalence of Anaplasma and Bartonella spp. in Ticks Collected from Korean Water Deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus)
Species Stage No. of pools (no. of ticks) No. of PCR-positive samples (prevalence [%]a)
A. phagocytophilum A. bovis Bartonella spp. Double infectionb Double infectionc Triple infectiond
H. flava Larva 1 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nymph 8 (10) 3 (30.0) 0 2 (20.0) 0 0 0
Male 47 (47) 14 (29.8) 3 (6.4) 1 (2.1) 3 (6.4) 0 0
Female 29 (29) 13 (44.8) 2 (6.9) 2 (6.9) 1 (3.4) 0 0
Subtotal 85 (87) 30 (34.5) 5 (5.8) 5 (5.8) 4 (4.6) 0 0
H. longicornis Larva 2 (19) 2 (10.5) 0 0 0 0 0
Nymph 26 (104) 8 (7.7) 1 (1.0) 2 (1.9) 1 (1.0) 1 (1.0) 0
Male 45 (45) 7 (15.6) 2 (4.5) 0 1 (2.2) 0 0
Female 60 (60) 21 (35.0) 9 (15.0) 3 (5.0) 5 (8.3) 1 (1.7) 0
Subtotal 133 (228) 38 (16.7) 12 (5.3) 5 (2.2) 7 (3.0) 2 (0.9) 0
I. nipponensis Male 5 (5) 1 (20.0) 0 0 0 0 0
Female 3 (3) 2 (66.7) 1 (33.3) 0 1 (33.3) 0 0
Subtotal 8 (8) 3 (37.5) 1 (12.5) 0 1 (12.5) 0 0
I. persulcatus Larva 1 (1) 0 0 0 0 0 0
Male 15 (15) 8 (53.3) 0 0 0 0 0
Female 24 (24) 10 (41.7) 2 (8.3) 1 (4.2) 1 (4.2) 0 1 (4.2)
Subtotal 40 (40) 18 (45.0) 2 (5.0) 1 (2.5) 1 (2.5) 0 1 (2.5)
Total Larva 4 (21) 2 (9.5) 0 0 0 0 0
Nymph 34 (114) 11 (9.6) 1 (0.9) 4 (3.5) 0 0 0
Male 112 (112) 30 (26.8) 5 (4.5) 1 (0.9) 4 (3.6) 0 0
Female 116 (116) 46 (39.7) 14 (12.1) 6 (5.2) 9 (7.8) 0 1 (0.9)
Total 266 (363) 89 (24.5) 20 (5.5) 11 (3.0) 13 (3.6) 2 (0.6) 1 (0.3)
Table 1. Prevalence of tick-borne pathogens in fed ticks collected from Korean water deer (Hydropotes inermis argyropus) in the ROK using 16S rRNA primer sets

PCR-positive pathogens was calculated by minimum infection rate (MIR), number of positive pools/total number of individual ticks tested.

Two adult ticks assayed separately demonstrated a double infection with A. phagocytophilum and A. bovis.

Two adult ticks assayed separately demonstrated a double infection with A. phagocytophilum and Bartonella spp.

One adult tick demonstrated a triple infection with A. phagocytophilum, A. bovis, and Bartonella spp.