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Original Article

Molecular Identification of Cryptosporidium Species from Pet Snakes in Thailand

Benjarat Yimming1, Khampee Pattanatanang1, Pornchai Sanyathitiseree2, Tawin Inpankaew1, Ketsarin Kamyingkird1, Nongnuch Pinyopanuwat1, Wissanuwat Chimnoi1, Jumnongjit Phasuk1,*
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2016;54(4):423-429.
Published online: August 31, 2016

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*Corresponding author (fvetjjp@ku.ac.th)
• Received: October 12, 2015   • Revised: April 28, 2016   • Accepted: May 6, 2016

© 2016, Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Molecular Identification of Cryptosporidium Species from Pet Snakes in Thailand
Korean J Parasitol. 2016;54(4):423-429.   Published online August 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.423
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Molecular Identification of Cryptosporidium Species from Pet Snakes in Thailand
Korean J Parasitol. 2016;54(4):423-429.   Published online August 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.423
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Molecular Identification of Cryptosporidium Species from Pet Snakes in Thailand
Image Image
Fig. 1. PCR-RFLP analysis. Lane 1 is Cryptosporidium parvum without digestion showing a single 835 bp band and lanes 2-4 are C. parvum “mouse genotype” showing digested bands of 104, 175, and 457 bp. The molecular weight marker size, 100 bp ladder. Black arrow, the DNA marker size at 100 bp, 500 bp, and 1,000 bp.
Fig. 2. Phylogenetic relationships among Cryptosporidium species found in this study and other Cryptosporidium spp. performed using neighbor-joining analysis of the SSU rDNA fragment. The samples with local origin “Thailand” were in current study. Captive snake: B.c=Boa constrictor constrictor, E.g=Elaphe guttata, L.t=Lampropeltis triangulum, M.s=Morelia spilota, P.r=Python regius. Location: P1=Pet shop, P2=Pet shop, P4=Pet shop 4, P5=Pet shop 5, F1=Farm 1, F2=Farm 2.

Fig. 1.

Fig. 2.

Molecular Identification of Cryptosporidium Species from Pet Snakes in Thailand
Scientific name Common name No. of samples
 No. of positive samples
 Species and/or genotype (no. of samples)
Acid fast stain
 PCR
 Sequence analysis RFLP
Farm Pet shop Farm Pet shop Farm Pet shop
Boa constrictor constrictor Boa constrictor 14 3 0 0 4 1 C. parvum (4) C. parvum mouse genotype
Cryptosporidium mouse genotype (1) -
Elaphe guttata Corn snake 71 5 7 2 17 2 C. parvum (10) C. parvum mouse genotype
C. serpentis (8) -
C. saurophilum (1) -
Epicrates cenchria Rainbow boa 0 1 0 0 0 0 - -
Lampropeltis getula King snake 19 2 0 0 1 0 C. serpentis (1) -
Lampropeltis triangulum Milk snake 4 3 0 0 1 1 C. parvum (2) C. parvum mouse genotype
Morelia spilota Carpet python 0 4 0 1 0 4 C. parvum (3) C. parvum mouse genotype
C. andersoni (1) -
Python regius Ball python 23 15 2 0 0 9 C. parvum (5) C. parvum mouse genotype
C. muris (3) -
Cryptosporidium mouse genotype (1) -
Python sebae Rock python 0 1 0 0 0 0 - -
Total 131 34 9 3 23 17
Variable No. (%) of infected snakes No. (%) of non-infected snakes Total sample χ² P-valuea
Sexb 25 (17.4) 119 (82.6) 144 1.027 df = 1 0.310
 Male 6 (12.8) 41 (87.2) 47
 Female 19 (19.6) 78 (80.4) 97
Location 40 (24.2) 125 (75.8) 165 15.470 df = 1 0.00008
 Pet shops 17 (50.0) 17 (50.0) 34
 Farms 23 (17.6) 108 (82.4) 131
Table 1. Detection of Cryptosporidium in snakes using microscopic and molecular methods
Table 2. Risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium spp. infection in snakes

P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Gender data were missing in 21 samples.

Table 1.

Table 2.

PHD : Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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