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Original Article

Molecular phylogeny of parasitic Platyhelminthes based on sequences of partial 28S rDNA D1 and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I

Soo-Ung Lee1, Ha-Chung Chun2, Sun Huh3
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2007;45(3):181-189.
Published online: September 20, 2007

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Corresponding author (shuh@hallym.ac.kr)
• Received: March 9, 2007   • Accepted: August 10, 2007

Copyright © 2007 by The Korean Society for Parasitology

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Molecular phylogeny of parasitic Platyhelminthes based on sequences of partial 28S rDNA D1 and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I
Korean J Parasitol. 2007;45(3):181-189.   Published online September 20, 2007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.3.181
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Molecular phylogeny of parasitic Platyhelminthes based on sequences of partial 28S rDNA D1 and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I
Korean J Parasitol. 2007;45(3):181-189.   Published online September 20, 2007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.3.181
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  • 1
Molecular phylogeny of parasitic Platyhelminthes based on sequences of partial 28S rDNA D1 and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I
Image Image
Fig. 1 Phylogenetic tree of 28S rDNA D1 gene by maximum parsimony (MP) analysis using the PAUP 4.0 program. Nucleotide sequences were used to construct this tree. Sequences from Gastrocotyle trachuri (GenBank accession No.: AF131727) were employed as an outgroup for phylogenetic analysis. Above branch: MP bootstrap values, below branch: NJ bootstrap values, when 1,000 bootstrap replicates where ≥ 50%, respectively.
Fig. 2 Phylogenetic tree of mCOI gene by maximum parsimony (MP) using the PAUP 4.0 program. Nucleotide sequences were used to construct this tree. Sequences from Gastrocotyle trachuri (GenBank accession No.: AFAY009167) were employed as an outgroup for phylogenetic analysis. Above branch: MP bootstrap values, below branch: NJ bootstrap values, when 1,000 bootstrap replicates where ≥ 50%, respectively.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Molecular phylogeny of parasitic Platyhelminthes based on sequences of partial 28S rDNA D1 and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I
Class Order Family Species Recovery source (strain) Trematoda Opisthorchiida Opisthorchiidae Clonorchis sinensis Rat (S-D)c) Heterophyidae Heterophyes nocensa) Domestic cat Metagonimus takahashii Rat (S-D) Metagonimus yokogawai Rat (S-D) Pygidiopsis summaa) Domestic cat Plagiorchiida Paragonimidae Paragonimus westermani Rat (S-D) Plagiorchis murisa) Rat (S-D) Echinostomida Echinostomatidae Echinostoma hortenseb) Rat (S-D) Strigeidida Gymnophallidae Gymnophalloides seoi Mouse (BALB/c)
Cestoda Pseudophyllidea Diphyllobothriidae Diphyllobothrium latum Human Spirometra erinacei Human Cyclophyllidea Hymenolepididae Hymenolepis diminuta Rat (S-D) Taeniidae Taenia saginata Human Taenia taeniaeformis Domestic cat Gene Species Aligned length (bp)a) G + C % GenBank accession No. Nucleotide differences and gapsb)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 28S D1 Clonorchis sinensis 295 55 AF0955330c) 0 2 4 1 2 2 1 7 1 Echinostoma hortense 299 54 AF0955328 40 0 6 2 2 2 1 7 1 Gymnophalloides seoi 293 50 AF181883 52 49 0 5 6 6 5 10 5 Heterophyes nocens 298 54 AF181890 37 3 48 0 1 1 0 6 0 Metagonimus takahashii 299 51 AF095332c) 29 45 51 42 0 0 1 5 0 Metagonimus yokogawai 299 51 AF095331c) 29 45 52 42 1 0 1 5 0 Paragonimus westermani 298 53 AF095329 28 40 49 36 13 13 0 6 0 Plagiorchis muris 304 52 AF096222c) 27 47 60 49 37 37 38 0 6 Pygidiopsis summa 298 53 AF181885 28 39 49 37 13 13 0 38 0
mCOI Clonorchis sinensis 444 41 AF181889c) 0 19 1 79 4 2 20 50 0 Echinostoma hortense 463 36 AF096227 114 0 20 102 16 23 37 41 19 Gymnophalloides seoi 443 35 AF096234 97 105 0 87 5 3 21 65 1 Heterophyes nocens 366 36 AF188119 242 252 237 0 77 82 100 121 77 Metagonimus takahashii 448 44 AF096231c) 108 131 107 134 0 6 24 52 44 Metagonimus yokogawai 446 45 AF096230c) 103 131 109 235 51 0 18 54 22 Paragonimus westermani 464 48 AF096228 149 105 134 261 135 127 0 43 20 Plagiorchis muris 488 48 AF096236c) 253 258 257 224 255 255 251 0 48 Pygidiopsis summa 444 40 AF181884 3 115 97 241 107 110 146 272 0 Gene Species Aligned length (bp)a) G + C % GenBank accession No. Nucleotide differences and gapsb)
1 2 3 4 5 28S D1 Diphyllobothrium latum 278 54 AF004719 0 29 20 28 17 Hymenolepis diminuta 288 53 AF004722 76 0 17 27 21 Spirometra erinacei 278 54 AF004717 38 64 0 18 10 Taenia saginata 313 57 AF096224 141 69 155 0 16 Taenia taeniaeformis 299 54 AF004721 63 39 47 46 0
mCOI Diphyllobothrium latum 454 32 AF096240 0 1 5 5 28 Hymenolepis diminuta 444 33 AF096244 86 0 0 4 27 Spirometra erinacei 453 38 AF096238 101 105 0 4 27 Taenia saginata 454 34 AF096241 77 99 107 0 18 Taenia taeniaeformis 473 31 AF096243 58 115 129 131 0 28S rDNA D1 mCOI Character status No. of total characters 367 504 No. of constants 201 88 No. of variable characters 66 174 No. of parsimony-informative characters 100 242
Tree statistics Tree length 329 1165 Consistency index (CI) 0.7325 0.6395 CI excluding uninformative characters 0.6535 0.5459 Homoplasy index (HI) 0.2675 0.3605 HI excluding uninformative characters 0.3465 0.4541 Retention index (RI) 0.7521 0.4897 Rescaled consistency index (RC) 0.5509 0.3131
Table 1. Taxonomic listing of parasites used in this study

Samples were supplied by Dr. Woon-Mok Sohn.

Sample was provided by Dr. Jong-Yil Chai.

Sprague-Dawley strain.

Table 2. Comparison of aligned sequence analysis for different trematode species

Aligned nucleotide lengths were counted without gaps.

Below diagonal is nucleotide differences number adjusted for gaps, above diagonal is nucleotide gaps (insertion, deletion or substitution).

This sequences data has been cited from previously reported by Lee and Huh (2004) and Lee et al. (2004a, 2004b).

Table 3. Comparison of aligned sequence analysis for different cestode species

Aligned nucleotide lengths were counted without gaps.

Below diagonal is nucleotide differences number adjusted for gaps, above diagonal is nucleotide gaps (insertion, deletion or substitution).

Table 4. Character status and tree statistics for phylogenic analysis using PAUP 4.0

Table 1.

Table 2.

Table 3.

Table 4.

PHD : Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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