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Original Article

Prevalence and Alternative Treatment of Head-Lice Infestation in Rural Thailand: A Community-Based Study

On-uma Singhasivanon1,*, Saranath Lawpoolsri1, Mathirut Mungthin2, Surapon Yimsamran1, Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri1, Srivicha Krudsood1
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2019;57(5):499-504.
Published online: October 31, 2019

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*Corresponding author: (singha.onuma@gmail.com)
• Received: July 19, 2019   • Revised: September 4, 2019   • Accepted: September 21, 2019

Copyright © 2019 by The Korean Society for Parasitology and Tropical Medicine

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Prevalence and Alternative Treatment of Head-Lice Infestation in Rural Thailand: A Community-Based Study
Korean J Parasitol. 2019;57(5):499-504.   Published online October 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.5.499
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Prevalence and Alternative Treatment of Head-Lice Infestation in Rural Thailand: A Community-Based Study
Korean J Parasitol. 2019;57(5):499-504.   Published online October 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.5.499
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Prevalence and Alternative Treatment of Head-Lice Infestation in Rural Thailand: A Community-Based Study
Prevalence and Alternative Treatment of Head-Lice Infestation in Rural Thailand: A Community-Based Study

Prevalence of head lice in rural community

Characteristics n/N Prevalence (%)
Gender (n=890)
 Male 7/231 3.0
 Female 330/659 50.1
Age (yr) (n=884)
 <10 117/326 54.3
 11–20 119/244 48.8
 21–30 13/84 15.5
 31–40 17/90 18.9
 >40 9/140 6.4
Schoolchildren (n=890)
 Yes 286/529 54.1
 No 51/361 14.1

Potential risk factors of head-lice infestation among female participants

Risk factors n/N Prevalence (%) PR (95% CI)*
Age (yr) (n=655)
 <10 173/236 73.3 8.4 (4.2–16.8)
 11–20 117/185 63.2 7.4 (3.6–14.8)
 21–30 13/67 19.4 2.4 (1.0–5.6)
 31–40 17/70 24.3 2.9 (1.3–6.7)
 >40 8/97 8.3 1
Being schoolchildren (n=659)
 No 50/267 18.7 1
 Yes 280/392 71.4 3.7 (2.7–5.0)
Hair length (n=654)
 Very short (<5 cm) 3/12 25.0 1
 Short (5–20 cm) 175/256 68.4 2.4 (0.8–7.2)
 Medium (21–30 cm) 90/144 62.5 2.3 (0.8–6.8)
 Long (>30 cm) 57/242 23.5 0.9 (0.3–2.6)
History of infestation (n=656)
 No 10/113 8.9 1
 Yes 319/543 58.8 6.7 (3.6–12.6)
Recognition of infestation at current episode (n=658)
 No 24/313 7.7 1
 Yes 290/309 93.9 12.1 (8.9–18.5)
 Not sure 15/36 41.7 5.4 (2.8–10.4)
Share comb
 No 71/198 35.9 1
 Yes 255/457 55.8 1.6 (1.2–2.0)
Frequency of shampooing per week (n=658)
 1 time 110/206 53.4 0.9 (0.7–1.3)
 2 times 84/137 61.3 1.4 (1.0–1.9)
 3 times 89/210 42.4 0.9 (0.7–1.2)
 >3 times 46/105 43.8 1
Frequency of house cleaning (n=653)
 Daily 157/333 47.2 1
 Weekly 109/230 47.4 1.1 (0.8–1.4)
 Monthly 58/90 64.4 1.3 (0.9–1.8)
Frequency of mattress cleaning (n=656)
 Daily 15/29 51.7 1
 Weekly 133/289 46.0 0.9 (0.6–1.7)
 Monthly 179/338 53.0 1.1 (0.6–1.9)
Number of infested persons in the same household (n=659)
 None 0/213 0.0
 1 person 108/171 63.2 1
 2 persons 91/118 77.1 1.2 (0.9–1.6)
 >2 persons 131/157 83.4 1.3 (1.1–1.5)

*Adjusted for cluster effect (residence).

Effectiveness and complaints/side effects of IVM administration (n=181)

n Prevalence (%)
Effectiveness
 Day 7 169 93.4
 Day 14 172 95.0
 Day 28 180 99.4
Complaints/Side effects
 Headache 14 7.7
 Dizziness 5 2.8
 Itch 4 2.2
 Burning sensation 0 0.0
 Vomiting 1 0.6
 Stomach-ache 1 0.6
 Nausea 1 0.6

Satisfaction with and acceptance of IVM administration (n=128)

Opinion Yes No
n (%)
Easy to use 127 (99.2) 1 (0.8)
Acceptable time consumed in administration 126 (98.4) 2 (1.6)
Safety 125 (97.7) 3 (2.3)
Preference of oral treatment 111 (86.7) 17 (13.3)
Preference as treatment choice 127 (99.2) 1 (0.8)
Will use IVM in case of re-infestation 125 (97.7) 3 (2.3)
Table 1 Prevalence of head lice in rural community
Table 2 Potential risk factors of head-lice infestation among female participants

Adjusted for cluster effect (residence).

Table 3 Effectiveness and complaints/side effects of IVM administration (n=181)
Table 4 Satisfaction with and acceptance of IVM administration (n=128)

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

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