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Surface ultrastructures of the third-stage larvae of Gnathostoma hispidum
W M Sohn,*1H A Lee,1S J Hong,2H C Woo,3 and S H Lee4
1Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Chinju 660-280, Korea.
Received August 16, 1996; Accepted August 26, 1996.
Abstract
A scanning electron microscopic study was performed to observe the surface ultrastructures of the third-stage larvae of Gnathostoma hispidum. The early third-stage larvae (EL3) were collected from the viscera of Chinese loaches by the artificial digestion method. The advanced third-stage larvae (ADL3) were recovered from mice experimentally infected with EL3. Both larval worms were fixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde, dehydrated in graded alcohol, dryed in critical point dryer, and coated with gold. The specimens were observed with a SEM (DS-130C). On the head bulb of both larval stage, the mouth had a pair of lateral lips of equal size and of half moon shape. Each lip had a couple of labial papillae and a small amphid located between the two papillae. The hooklets on the head bulb had single-pointed tips and curved posteriorly. The cuticular spines of EL3 were larger and more densely distributed in the anterior area (about 1.8 µ in length) and gradually decreased in size and number posteriorly. The cuticular spines in the anterior area of ADL3 were sharp-pointed and about 4.5 µ in length, and those in the middle area were about 1.75 µ. The velvety cuticular folds and dot-like cuticular spines were distributed in the posterior area. A cervical papilla was located between the 7th and 8th transverse striations. A dome-like body papilla was located at the posterior 1/4 of body. An ellipsoidal excretory pore was located between the 17th and 18th striations. From the above results, it is suggested that the characteristic SEM findings obtained from this study may be helpful on the species identification of larval Gnathostoma.
Figures
Figs. 1-6 Figs. 1-9. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) view of the EL3 of G. hispidum from the viscera of Chinese loach.
Fig. 1. Whole body view of an EL3. Arrow head: cervical papilla; arrow mark; excretory pore; encircled: body papilla. Fig. 2. Four transverse rows of hooklets curved posteriorly on th head bulb. Fig. 3. Frontal view of the head bulb shows an amphid (A) and two labial papillae (LP) on each lip. Fig.4. Cuticular spines on the transverse striations of anterior part of the body. Fig. 5. A cervical papilla located between th 7th and 8th transverse striations. Fig. 6. An ellipsoidal excretory pore opens between th 17th and 18th striations.
Figs. 7-12 Figs. 1-9. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) view of the EL3 of G. hispidum from the viscera of Chinese loach.
Fig. 7. Cuticular spines on the striations of middle part of the body. Fig. 8. A dome-like body papilla is located on the posterior one quarter of the body. Fig. 9. Ventral view of posterior end of the body.
Figs. 10-18. SEM view of the AdL3 of G. hispidum recovered from mice infected with EL3.
Fig. 10. Head bulb bearing 4 transverse rows of hooklets and 2 lips. Fig. 11. Dorsal view of the anterior end. Fig. 12. Beak-like hooklets on the head bulb of Fig. 11 are curved posteriorly and covered with tegument.
Figs. 13-18 Fig. 13. Cuticular spines and transverse striations on the anterior part of the body. Fig. 14. Magnification of the portion in Fig. 12. Note th sharp-tipped spines and cuticular folds. Fig. 15. An lval-shaped excretory pore with circular foldings. Fig. 16. Cuticle on the middle part of body of which spines and striations ard sparsely distributed. Fig. 17. Cuticular folds and dot-like spines on the posterior part on the body. Fig. 18. A crescentic anus and the adjacent cuticle without spines.
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