Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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Volume 37(1); March 1999

Original Articles

Eimeria pipistrellus n. sp. from Pipistrellus kuhlii (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in Saudi Arabia: Mohamed Saleh Alyousif, Mohamed Al-Dakhil, Yaser Al-Shawa; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):1-4.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.1

Abstract
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Fecal samples from 12 Pipistrellus kuhlii captured at Shagrah, Saudi Arabia, were examined for coccidia and three (25%) found to harbor a undescribed eimerian, herein described as Eimeria pipistrellus n. sp. Sporulated oocysts were subspherical, 24.8×23.2 (22-27×20-25) ?m, with a bilayered and smooth wall. The micropyle was absent, but a large oocyst residuum and a single polar granule were present. Sporocysts were ovoid, 11.6×8.3 (10.5-13×7.5-9) ?m, with a prominent Stieda body, but without a substiedal body; sporozoites lay head to tail in sporocysts and contained one large posterior refractile body. Eimeria pipistrellus n. sp. is the 3rd species of the genus Eimeria found from bats of the genus Pipistrellus.

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A New Species of Eimeria Schneider, 1875 (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Myotis riparius Handley, 1960 (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, with a Checklist of Eimeria spp. Reported from Bats
Marcos Tobias de Santana Miglionico, Luciana Moraes Costa, Ester Maria Mota, Helena Godoy Bergallo, Daniela Dias
Acta Parasitologica.2020; 65(2): 496. CrossRef
A novel coccidian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Scotophilus leucogaster (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in southern Saudi Arabia
Osama B. Mohammed, Donald W. Duszynski, Nabil Amor, Albdulaziz N. Alagaili
Parasitology Research.2020; 119(11): 3845. CrossRef
Ectoparasites and Pathogens of Kuhl’s Pipistrelle Pipistrellus kuhlii (Kuhl, 1817) (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae): Our Own and Published Data Review
M. V. Orlova, D. G. Smirnov, V. P. Vekhnik, A. M. Lukyanenko, A. V. Zabashta
Russian Journal of Biological Invasions.2020; 11(4): 348. CrossRef

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Karyotypes on three species of Chinese mesogastropod snails, Semisulcospira libertina, S. dolichostoma and Viviparus rivularis: Gab-Man Park, Jae-Jin Kim, Pyung-Rim Chung, Yong Wang, Duk-Young Min; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):5-11.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.5

Abstract
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Three species of the families Viviparidae and Pleuroceridae, the first intermediate host of paragonimiasis, metagonimiasis and echinostomiasis were studied cytologically. The observed diploid chromosome number was as follows: Semisulcospira libertina 36, S. dolichostoma 34, and Viviparus rivularis 64. The mitotic chromosome complement of S. libertina has nine metacentric pairs and nine submetacentric pairs, and S. dolichostoma has three metacentric pairs and 14 submetacentric pairs of chromosomes. Viviparus rivularis showed two metacentric pairs and 30 submetacentric pairs of chromosomes.

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An adaptable chromosome preparation methodology for use in invertebrate research organisms
Longhua Guo, Alice Accorsi, Shuonan He, Carlos Guerrero-Hernández, Shamilene Sivagnanam, Sean McKinney, Matthew Gibson, Alejandro Sánchez Alvarado
BMC Biology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Blood glycemia-modulating effects of melanian snail protein hydrolysates in mice with type II diabetes
Jae-Suk Choi, Joo-Wan Kim, Jeong Been Park, Sang Eun Pyo, Yong-Ki Hong, Sae Kwang Ku, Mi-Ryung Kim
International Journal of Molecular Medicine.2017; 39(6): 1437. CrossRef
Karyotype of Arion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1856 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Arionidae)
Alexandr V. Garbar, Natalia S. Kadlubovska
Folia Malacologica.2014;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effects of in vitro culture methods on morphological development and infectivity of Strongyloides venezuelensis filariform larvae: M. Khyrul Islam, Kiku Matsuda, Jin-Ho Kim, Byeong-Kirl Baek; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):13-19.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.13

Abstract
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The effects of in vitro culture methods on morphological development and infectivity of Strongyloides venezuelensis filariform larvae (L₃) to rats were investigated. A significantly higher body length was observed in L₃ from filter paper culture (597.3 ± 32.2 ?m) than those in fecal (509.9 ± 35.0 ?m) and nutrient broth culture (503.3 ± 31.0 ?m) (P<0.05). Larval infectivity was assessed by exposing rats to 1,000 L₃ from each culture and worms were recovered from the lungs and small intestines. Recovery rate of these worms did not show any significant difference. A significantly greater body length of adults was recorded in those corresponding to the L₃ harvested from filter paper (2,777.5 ± 204.4 ?m) and nutrient broth culture (2,732.5 ± 169.8 ?m) than those corresponding to the L₃ obtained from fecal culture (2,600.5 ± 172.4 ?m) (P<0.05). Although worm fecundity and EPG counts differed among culture methods but worm burdens and course of infection did not. These findings suggest that the methods of cultures have a significant effect on the morphological development of the larvae to the L₃ stage, but do not influence the infectivity to rats.

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Venestatin from parasitic helminths interferes with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-mediated immune responses to promote larval migration
Daigo Tsubokawa, Taisei Kikuchi, Jae Man Lee, Takahiro Kusakabe, Yasuhiko Yamamoto, Haruhiko Maruyama, James B. Lok
PLOS Pathogens.2021; 17(6): e1009649. CrossRef
Strongyloides ratti and S. venezuelensis – rodent models of Strongyloides infection
MARK VINEY, TAISEI KIKUCHI
Parasitology.2017; 144(3): 285. CrossRef
Venestatin, a Ca ++ -binding protein from the parasitic nematode Strongyloides venezuelensis , is involved in the larval migration process
Daigo Tsubokawa, Takeshi Hatta, Taisei Kikuchi, Hiroki Maeda, Fusako Mikami, M. Abdul Alim, Haruhiko Maruyama, Naotoshi Tsuji
International Journal for Parasitology.2017; 47(8): 501. CrossRef
Viability of Strongyloides venezuelensis eggs and larvae in vermiculite containing the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans
Laryssa Pinheiro Costa Silva, Carolina Magri Ferraz, Anderson Rocha Aguiar, Jackson Victor Araújo, Steveen Rios Ribeiro, Débora Goldner Rossi, Luanderson Queiroz Mendes, Fausto Edmundo Lima Pereira, Narcisa Imaculada Brant Moreira, Fabio Ribeiro Braga
Parasitology Research.2017; 116(7): 2047. CrossRef
Development of free-living stages of Strongyloides ratti under different temperature conditions
Maki Sakamoto, Shoji Uga
Parasitology Research.2013; 112(12): 4009. CrossRef
Transcriptomic analysis of four developmental stages of Strongyloides venezuelensis
Eiji Nagayasu, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Takehiko Itoh, Ayako Yoshida, Gunimala Chakraborty, Tetsuya Hayashi, Haruhiko Maruyama
Parasitology International.2013; 62(1): 57. CrossRef
Characterization of the protective response against a homologous challenge infection with Strongyloides venezuelensis in rats
B.K Baek, M.K Islam, B.S Kim, C.W Lim, J Hur, A.O Oluoch, C.H Kim, I Kakoma
Veterinary Parasitology.2003; 113(3-4): 217. CrossRef
Persistent infection with Strongyloides venezuelensis in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)
Byeong-Kirl Baek, In-Soo Whang, M. Khyrul Islam, Byeong-Soo Kim, Ibulaimu Kakoma
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2002; 40(4): 181. CrossRef
Partial cross-resistance between Strongyloides venezuelensis and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in rats
Byeong-Kirl Baek, M. Khyrul Islam, Jin-Ho Kim, John-Wha Lee, Jin Hur
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1999; 37(2): 101. CrossRef

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Growth and development of Gymnophalloides seoi in immunocompetent and immunosuppressed C3H/HeN mice: Jong-Yil Chai, Won-Jae Chung, Jina Kook, Min Seo, Yun-Kyu Park, Sang-Mee Guk, Min-Ho Choi, Soon-Hyung Lee; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):21-26.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.21

Abstract
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The growth and development of Gymnophalloides seoi were studied in C3H/HeN mice and effects of immunosuppression of the host on the worm development were observed. Two hundred metacercariae of G. seoi were orally administered to each mouse, and worms were recovered on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 post-infection (PI). The worm recovery rate was significantly higher in immunosuppressed (ImSP) mice than in immunocompetent (ImCT) mice except on days 1 and 3 PI. The worms attained sexual maturity by day 3 PI with eggs in the uterus, and worm dimensions and the number of uterine eggs continuously increased until day 14 PI in ImSP mice. Worms recovered from ImSP mice were significantly larger in size than those from ImCT mice on days 1 and 3 PI, and the number of uterine eggs was significantly larger in ImSP mice on days 5 and 7 PI. Genital organs such as the ovary, testes, and vitellaria, that were already developed in the metacercarial stage, grew a little in size until day 14 PI. The results show that the C3H/HeN mouse is, though not excellent, a suitable laboratory host for G. seoi.

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Increased Intestinal Epithelial Cell Turnover and Intestinal Motility in Gymnophalloides seoi-Infected C57BL/6 Mice
Sang Hyub Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jae-Hwan Park, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(3): 273. CrossRef
Foodborne Intestinal Flukes in Southeast Asia
Jong-Yil Chai, Eun-Hee Shin, Soon-Hyung Lee, Han-Jong Rim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S69. CrossRef
Gymnophalloides seoi: a new human intestinal trematode
Jong-Yil Chai, Min-Ho Choi, Jae-Ran Yu, Soon-Hyung Lee
Trends in Parasitology.2003; 19(3): 109. CrossRef
Food-borne intestinal trematode infections in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Soon-Hyung Lee
Parasitology International.2002; 51(2): 129. CrossRef
A review of Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) and human infections in the Republic of Korea
Soon-Hyung Lee, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2001; 39(2): 85. CrossRef
Intestinal histopathology and in situ postures of Gymnophalloides seoi in experimentally infected mice
Jong-Yil Chai, Hong-Soon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Jae Hyung Yoo, Sang-Mee Guk, Min Seo, Min-Ho Choi, Soon-Hyung Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2001; 39(1): 31. CrossRef

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Toxoplasma gondii antibody titers in sera of children admitted to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital: Jina Kook, Hong-Jin Lee, Beyong Il Kim, Chong-Ku Yun, Sang-Mee Guk, Min Seo, Yun-Kyu Park, Sung-Tae Hong, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):27-32.
Published online March 20, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.27

Abstract
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A total of 542 children under 10 years of age, admitted to the Seoul National University Children's Hospital, was examined for antibody titers of Toxoplasma gondii using indirect latex agglutination (ILA) test. Among them, 7.7% showed positive titers higher than 1:32, without significant difference between males (7.3%) and females (8.5%). The seropositive rate increased with age although the statistical significance was negligible (0.05<P<0.1). By residential areas, the prevalence appeared higher among children from southern provinces (Kyongsang-do and Cholla-do) than those from other areas, but the statistical significance was also very low (0.05<P<0.1). When the seropositive cases were analyzed by coincidental diseases, the prevalence was significantly higher in patients with congenital diseases than in patients with non-congenital diseases (P<0.05). The results showed that the seropositive rate of toxoplasmosis in children examined was not high compared with other endemic countries. Some correlations are suggested between toxoplasmosis and congenital anomalies in Korea.

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Madha Mohammed Sheet Saleh, Adam Hezam AL-Shamiri, Abeer Ahmed Qaed
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C. W. Liao, Y. L. Lee, H. Sukati, P. D'lamini, Y. C. Huang, C. J. Chiu, Y. H. Liu, C. M. Chou, W. T. Chiu, W. Y. Du, C. C. Hung, H. C. Chan, B. Chu, H. C. Cheng, J. Su, C. C. Tu, C. Y. Cheng, C. K. Fan
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology.2009; 103(8): 731. CrossRef
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Dae-Whan Shin, Dong-Yeub Cha, Quan Juan Hua, Guang-Ho Cha, Young-Ha Lee
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Eun-Hee Shin, Sung-Bum Kim, Ho-Woo Nam, Eun-Taek Han, Jae-Hwan Park, Hye-Jin Ahn, Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of Parasitology.2004; 90(1): 161. CrossRef
Laboratory passage and characterization of an isolate of Toxoplasma gondii from an ocular patient in Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Aifen Lin, Eun-Hee Shin, Myoung-Don Oh, Eun-Taek Han, Ho-Woo Nam, Soon-Hyung Lee
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Young-Ha Lee, Hyung-Jun Noh, Ok-Sun Hwang, Sang-Keol Lee, Dae-Whan Shin
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Age-dependent resistance to Cryptosporidium muris (strain MCR) infection in golden hamsters and mice: Jae Ku Rhee, Wang Su So, Hyeon Cheol Kim; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):33-37.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.33

Abstract
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An age-dependent aspect of resistance to Cryptosporidium muris (strain MCR) infection was monitored in Syrian golden hamsters, Mesocricetus auratus, at 1-, 5- and 10-week of age and in ICR mice, Mus musculus, at 3-, 12-, and 15-week of age orally inoculated with a single dose of 2×10⁶ oocysts, respectively. The prepatent periods for both animals were similar, independent of age, but the patency was significantly longer in younger hamsters (P<0.001) and a long tendency in younger mice. Hamsters infected at 1-week of age excreted about 10 times higher oocysts than those at 5- and 10-week of age. However, the total oocyst output was similar among mice of different ages. There was a good correlation between the length of the patency and the total oocyst output in hamsters (R=0.9646), but not in mice (R=0.4561). The immunogenicity of the parasite to homologous challenge infections was very strong in hamsters and relatively strong in mice. These results indicate that acquired resistance to C. muris infection is age-related and the innate resistance is independent of age of hamsters, and that both innate and acquired resistance, on the contrary, are irrespective of age of mice.

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Totta Ehret, Francesca Torelli, Christian Klotz, Amy B. Pedersen, Frank Seeber
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Martin Kváč, Nikola Havrdová, Lenka Hlásková, Tereza Daňková, Jiří Kanděra, Jana Ježková, Jiří Vítovec, Bohumil Sak, Ynes Ortega, Lihua Xiao, David Modrý, Jeba Rose Jennifer Jesudoss Chelladurai, Veronika Prantlová, John McEvoy, Herbert B. Tanowitz
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A 54 kDa cysteine protease purified from the crude extract of Neodiplostomum seoulense adult worms: Min-Ho Choi, Seong-Choon Choe, Soon-Hyung Lee; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):39-46.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.39

Abstract
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As a preliminary study for the explanation of pathobiology of Neodiplostomum seoulense infection, a 54 kDa protease was purified from the crude extract of adult worms by sequential chromatographic methods. The crude extract was subjected to DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column, and protein was eluted using 25 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.4) containing 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 M NaCl in stepwise elution. The 0.2 M NaCl fraction was further purified by Q-Sepharose chromatography and protein was eluted using 20 mM sodium acetate (pH 6.4) containing 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 M NaCl, respectively. The 0.1M NaCl fraction showed a single protein band on SDS-PAGE carried out on a 7.5-15% gradient gel. The proteolytic activities of the purified enzyme were specifically inhibited by L-trans-epoxy-succinylleucylamide (4-guanidino) butane (E-64) and iodoacetic acid. The enzyme, cysteine protease, showed the maximum proteolytic activity at pH 6.0 in 0.1 M buffer, and degraded extracellular matrix proteins such as collagen and fibronectin with different activities. It is suggested that the cysteine protease may play a role in the nutrient uptake of N. seoulense from the host intestine.

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Roles of Cysteine Proteases in Biology and Pathogenesis of Parasites
Nawu Yang, Maurice A. Matthew, Chaoqun Yao
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Foodborne Intestinal Flukes in Southeast Asia
Jong-Yil Chai, Eun-Hee Shin, Soon-Hyung Lee, Han-Jong Rim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S69. CrossRef
Antigenic Properties of Cystatin-binding Cysteine Proteinases from Neodiplostomum seoulense
Tae-Yun Kim, Kye-Young Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of Parasitology.2008; 94(3): 654. CrossRef
Antibody Responses in Sera of Different Mouse Strains Experimentally Infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense
Eun-Taek Han, Jun-Hu Chen, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2008; 46(4): 279. CrossRef
Antigenic Properties of Cystatin-binding Cysteine Proteinases from Neodiplostomum seoulense
Tae-Yun Kim, Kye-Young Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of Parasitology.2008; 94(3): 654. CrossRef
Food-borne intestinal trematode infections in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Soon-Hyung Lee
Parasitology International.2002; 51(2): 129. CrossRef
Cystatin Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Serodiagnosis of Human Clonorchiasis and Profile of Captured Antigenic Protein ofClonorchis sinensis
Tae Yun Kim, Shin-Yong Kang, Sun Hyo Park, Kom Sukontason, Kabkaew Sukontason, Sung-Jong Hong
Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology.2001; 8(6): 1076. CrossRef

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Case Reports

A case of gastric pseudoterranoviasis in a 43-year-old man in Korea: Moon-Soo Koh, Sun Huh, Woon-Mok Sohn; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):47-49.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.47

Abstract
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A case of Pseudoterranova decipiens infection was found in a 43-year-old man by gastroendoscopic examination on August 20, 1996. On August 6, 1996, he visited a local clinic, complaining of epigastric pain two days after eating raw marine fishes. Although the symptoms were relieved soon, endoscopic examination was done for differential diagnosis. A white, live nematode larva was removed from the fundus of the stomach. The larva was 38. 3×1.0 mm in size and had a cecum reaching to the mid-level of the ventriculus. A lot of transverse striations were regularly arranged on the cuticle of its body surface, but the boring tooth and mucron were not observed at both ends of the worm. The worm was identified as the 4th stage larva of P. decipiens.

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An aural myiasis case in a 54-year-old male farmer in Korea: Jin-Hak Cho, Hyung-Baek Kim, Chin-Saeng Cho, Sun Huh, Han-Il Ree; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):51-53.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.51

Abstract
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A 54-year-old male farmer residing in Chunchon, Korea, complaining of blood tinged discharge and tinnitus in the left ear for two days, was examined in August 16, 1996. Otoscopic examination revealed live maggots from the ear canal. The patient did not complain of any symptoms after removal of maggots. Five maggots recovered were identified as the third stage larvae of Lucilia sericata (Diptera: Calliphoridae). This is the first record of aural myiasis in Korea.

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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(5): 667. CrossRef
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Amandeep Singh, Zorawar Singh
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Ibrahim Al Jabr
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Brief Communications

Infection status of Paragonimus westermani metacercariae in crayfish (Cambaroides similis) collected from Bogildo (Islet), Wando-gun, Chollanam-do, Korea: Myeong-Heon Shin, Duk-Young Min; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):55-57.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.55

Abstract
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During the period from October 1996 to November 1998, the infection status of Paragonimus westermani metacercariae in freshwater crayfish (Cambaroides similis) collected from Bogildo (islet), Wando-gun, Chollanam-do, which is known for an endemic area of P. westermani in Korea, were examined. The average infection rate of Paragonimus metacercariae in crayfish was 88.6%, and mean number of metacercariae per infected crayfish was 30.2. This metacercarial density was the highest in the group of weight in 7.1-9.0 g. These results suggest that the natural life cycle of P. westermani is still well-preserved in Bogildo.

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Recent Incidence of Paragonimus westermani Metacercariae in Freshwater Crayfish, Cambaroides similis, from Two Enzootic Sites in Jeollanam-do, Korea
Jin-Ho Song, Fuhong Dai, Xuelian Bai, Tae-Im Kim, Hyun-Jong Yang, Tong-Soo Kim, Shin-Hyung Cho, Sung-Jong Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(3): 347. CrossRef
Northeast India Helminth Parasite Information Database (NEIHPID): Knowledge Base for Helminth Parasites
Devendra Kumar Biswal, Manish Debnath, Graciously Kharumnuid, Welfrank Thongnibah, Veena Tandon, Govindhaswamy Umapathy
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Infection Status of Freshwater Crabs and Crayfish with Metacercariae of Paragonimus westermani in Korea
Eun-Min Kim, Jae-Lip Kim, Sung-Il Choi, Soon-Hyung Lee, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(4): 425. CrossRef
North American Paragonimiasis (Caused byParagonimus kellicotti) in the Context of Global Paragonimiasis
Gary W. Procop
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A 27 kDa Cysteine Protease Secreted by Newly Excysted Paragonimus westermani Metacercariae Induces Superoxide Anion Production and Degranulation of Human Eosinophils
Young-Bae Chung, Hirohito Kita, Myeong Heon Shin
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2008; 46(2): 95. CrossRef
Cysteine Protease Secreted byParagonimus westermaniAttenuates Effector Functions of Human Eosinophils Stimulated with Immunoglobulin G
W. A. Petri, Myeong Heon Shin, Hirohito Kita, Hae Young Park, Ju Young Seoh
Infection and Immunity.2001; 69(3): 1599. CrossRef

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Characterization of YS-27, an axenic Korean strain of Entamoeba histolytica: Soon-Jung Park, Tai-Soon Yong, Jae-Kyung Chang, Kyung-Il Im, Chin-Thack Soh; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(1):59-62.
Published online March 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.1.59

Abstract
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Characterization of YS-27, an axenic Entamoeba strain, was performed by three different laboratory methods. Zymodeme analysis using starch gel electrophoresis and PCR with species-specific primers showed that YS-27 is a pathogenic Entamoeba which belongs to the group II zymodeme. Pathogenicity of YS-27 was further confirmed by observing the formation of liver abscess in Mongolian gerbils. These results showed that YS-27 is E. hisolytica.