Anthelmintic effect of niclosamide [N-(2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl)-5-chloro-salicylamide)] on Metagonimus infection was carried out to the cases in area of Seomjin-river. The drug, one tablet contains 0.5 g of niclosamide was supplied from Bu-gwang pharmaceutical company in Seoul. Sixty five cases were divided into three groups by the regimen: Group l given 2 g(4 tablets) for one day, Group II for two successive days and Group III for three successive days. Stool examination was done before and 2-3 weeks after the drug administration by formalin-ether concentration and Stoll's dilution egg counting techniques.
The results were as follows: Egg negative conversion (cured) and egg reduction (more than 80 percent decrease) rates were 28.6 percent, 10.7 percent in group I, and 31.8 percent, 27.3 percent in group II. But of those in group III treated for three successive days, 73.3 percent was cured and 26.7 percent showed egg reduction, and the general egg reduction rate was 95.1 percent. The results in the present trial suggested that the niclosamide has anthelmintic efficacy when it is used in 2 g for more than three successive days.
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The biology and toxicology of molluscicides, bayluscide P. Andrews, J. Thyssen, D. Lorke Pharmacology & Therapeutics.1982; 19(2): 245. CrossRef
In order to understand the effect of prednisolone injection on the histopathological changes of the mouse liver and the chronological changes of the worm structure of Clonorchis sinensis, when this fluke was inoculated to the mouse intraperitoneally. The recovery rate, survival rate, location and size of the inoculated worms as well as the histopathological changes of the liver were investigated for the comparison among the groups of mice, which were classified by number of worms and the duration of observation period. The result obtained were summarized as follows: The recovery rate and survival rate of the worms decreased especially 28 days after the inoculation. Most of worms (45.5 percent) were collected from the peritoneal cavity, and some of worms were found tightly adherent to the capsules of the liver, spleen, intestine and diaphragm. The mean worm size after inoculation was constantly smaller than that before inoculation. Remarkable atrophy in the reproductive organs of the worm, such as spermatheca, testes, vitelline gland and ovary was frequently observed at the 10th day of inoculation. Histopathologically the liver failed to show any parasitic worm inside the intrahepatic biliary system. However, multiple well formed egg-containing granulomas were present along the liver capsule. These necrotic granulomas were occasionally found under the fibrotic liver capsule. Focal necrosis and focal phlebitis together with vascular dilatation were prominent features of the liver. The worms recovered in the capsule of the liver were degenerated and necrotized. Usually, there were remarkable capsulitis and granuloma formation around the eggs.
A total of 60 patients with Hymenolepis nana infection were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel in two different dose levels. Twenty-nine cases treated with praziquantel in a single dose of 15 mg/kg body weight produced a 100% cure rate. On the otehr hand, 30 out of 31 patients who received a single dose of 25 mg/kg body weight cured completely, but only one case had counts of 200 EPG of feces in each tests on the 20th and 21st days after treatment. The cure rate was 96.8% and the mean egg reduction rate of 99.8 per cent was obtained. Side effects were mild and transitory. In a few cases, abdominal pain, vertigo, headache and diarrhea were complained in a few hours after medication. Clinial hematology, serum biochemistry and urinalysis were performed immediately before and the next day after treatment in all cases. There were no significant abnormalities detected in these tests.
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In Silico Chemogenomics Drug Repositioning Strategies for Neglected Tropical Diseases Carolina Horta Andrade, Bruno Junior Neves, Cleber Camilo Melo-Filho, Juliana Rodrigues, Diego Cabral Silva, Rodolpho Campos Braga, Pedro Vitor Lemos Cravo Current Medicinal Chemistry.2019; 26(23): 4355. CrossRef
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Prevalence of Hymenolepis nana among primary school children in Burkina Faso Bagayan Mohamed, Zongo Dramane, Ou eacute da Adama, Savadogo Boubacar, Sorgho Hermann, Drabo Fran ccedil ois, Ou eacute draogo Amado, Bamba Issouf, Zhang Yaobi, Boureima Kabr eacute Gustave, No euml l Poda Jean International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences.2015; 7(10): 148. CrossRef
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Efficacy and Safety of Tribendimidine Against Clonorchis sinensis Men-Bao Qian, Peiling Yap, Yi-Chao Yang, Hai Liang, Zhi-Hua Jiang, Wei Li, Yu-Guang Tan, Hui Zhou, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Jennifer Keiser Clinical Infectious Diseases.2013; 56(7): e76. CrossRef
Clinical study evaluating efficacy of praziquantel in clonorchiasis B G Yangco, C De Lerma, G H Lyman, D L Price Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.1987; 31(2): 135. CrossRef
Praziquantel Peter Andrews, Herbert Thomas, Rolf Pohlke, JÜRgen Seubert Medicinal Research Reviews.1983; 3(2): 147. CrossRef
Clinical evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of praziquantel (Embay 8440) againstClonorchis sinensisinfection in man Han-Jong Rim, Kwang-Sa Lyu, Joon-Sang Lee, Kyoung-Hwan Joo Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology.1981; 75(1): 27. CrossRef
Tentativa de controle de Hymenolepis nana através de tratamentos clínicos repetidos, com praziquantel, em uma comunidade fechada R. S. Rocha, Omar dos Santos Carvalho, José Soares dos Santos, Naftale Katz Revista de Saúde Pública.1981; 15(4): 364. CrossRef
Therapeutic effects of praziquantel (Embay 8440) against Taenia solium infection Han Jong Rim, Soo Bae Park, Joon Sang Lee, Kyoung Hwan Joo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1979; 17(1): 67. CrossRef
The present study was undertaken to observe the changes of hepatocyte and biliary epithelium in the liver of guinea pigs infected with C. sinensis. Ten guinea pigs infected with 500 metacercariae of C. sinensis each were reared for 11 weeks. After sacrifice, the liver tissues were processed both for conventional light microscopy and for electronmicroscopy. The following results were obtained by light and electronmicroscopic observation of these tissue preparations. The dilatation of bile ducts with chronic inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis, and flattening of lining epithelium were observed by light microscopy. Bile duct showed a single low columnar or cuboidal epithelium and subepithelial small round cell infiltration. Papillary proliferation, adenomatous hyperplasia and increase of goblet cells in the subepithelial glands were also noted in some areas of bile ducts. Occasionally, small fibrous nodules in the portal tract replacing bile ducts, surrounded by a heavy infiltrate of small round cells and neutrophils were observed. On light microscopic examination, no cellular damages were seen in the liver cells except mild fatty degeneration. Electronmicroscopic examination of the biliary epithelium revealed increased mucin granules, cytoplasmic projection into lumen, decreased microvilli and obstruction of bile canaliculi. Indistinct and/or irregular appearances of intercellular lateral interdigitation were observed in most of biliary epithelium. On the electronmicrographs of hepatocytes, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum(ER) and destruction of cristae in some mitochondriae were prominent features. Disappearance of cytoplasmic organells and dilatation of bile canaliculi were also monitored.
Endothelial cells in the sinusoids were remained intact.
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Clonorchiasis and Cholangiocarcinoma: Etiologic Relationship and Imaging Diagnosis Byung Ihn Choi, Joon Koo Han, Sung Tae Hong, Kyoung Ho Lee Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2004; 17(3): 540. CrossRef
Promoting role of Clonorchis sinensis infection on induction of cholangiocarcinoma during two-step carcinogenesis J H Lee, H M Yang, U B Bak, H J Rim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1994; 32(1): 13. CrossRef
Effect of Clonorchis sinensis infection and dimethylnitrosamine administration on the induction of cholangiocarcinoma in Syrian golden hamsters J H Lee, H J Rim, U B Bak The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1993; 31(1): 21. CrossRef
Secretions of the biliary mucosa in experimental clonorchiasis S H Lee, J I Lee, S Huh, J R Yu, S W Chung, J Y Chai, S T Hong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1993; 31(1): 13. CrossRef
Morphology of the bile ducts of the brook lamprey, Lampetra lamottenii (Le Sueur) before and during infection with the nematode, Truttaedacnitis stelmioides (Vessichelli, 1910) (Nematoda: Cucullanidae) F. Eng, J. H. Youson The Anatomical Record.1992; 234(2): 201. CrossRef
Enhancement of dimethylnitrosamine-induced glutathione S-transferase P-positive hepatic foci by Clonorchis sinensis infestation in F344 rats J.J. Jang, K.J. Cho, N.H. Myong, J.Y. Chai Cancer Letters.1990; 52(2): 133. CrossRef
Effect of aflatoxin B1 on ultrastructural changes of biliary epithelial cells in mice experimentally infected with Clonorchis sinensis Hong Ki Min The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1987; 25(2): 99. CrossRef
Histopathological changes of the liver after praziquantel treatment in Clonorchis sinensis infected rabbits Soon Hyung Lee, Sung Tae Hong, Chong Soon Kim, Woon Mok Sohn, Jong Yil Chai, Yoon Seong Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1987; 25(2): 110. CrossRef
Liver-fluke infection as an aetiological factor in bile-duct carcinoma of man David J. Flavell Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.1981; 75(6): 814. CrossRef
This study was undertaken to evaluate the present status of hookworm infections in Korea from October 1976 through September 1978. The stool specimens of 5,632 persons(male 3,689: female 1,943) collected from primary and middle schools, foundling asylums, and the general populations of various parts in Korea were examined The methods employed were brine floatation technique for the prevalence rate of hookworm infections, Kato's cellophane thick smear technique for the other helminthic infections, and Stoll's dilution egg counting technique for the intensity of hookworm infections. Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus infections were classified by polyethylene tube coproculture method and by the evacuated adult worms after administration of anthelmintics against the patients infected with hookworms. The following results were obtained in this study. The prevalence rate of hookworm infections in rural area was higher than in urban area in the ratio of 2.4:1.
And in the age group of over 20, the prevalence rate in significantly higher than that in urban area in the ratio of 5.8:1. In the urban area, difference in the prevalence rate of hookworm infections between the age group of over 20 and that of under 19 was not observed. But in the rural area, the ratio of the prevalence rate between the age group of over 20 to that of under 19 was 8:1. The prevalence rate of hookworm infections in female was higher than that in male in all age group except the age group of under 9 and 20-29.
The ratio of the prevalence rate between female to male was 1.5:1 in total population. The area which showed the mean E.P.G. of over 1,000 was not found and almost all of the patients who were infected with hookworms gave the mean E.P.G. between l-999. Necator americanus was newly found in Dangjin Gun, Boseong Gun, Habcheon Gun and Weonseong Gun. In these 4 newly found areas, Dangjin Gun and Boseong Gun showed the composition rate of 25.5 percent and 83.4 percent respectively.
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As the result of a fecal examination performed in October 1978 on 320 middle and high school students of Hapcheon, Korea, we found 2 cases of Rhabditis nematodes in 16-year old high school girls. Rhabditis nematodes isolated from their feces were cultured at 30 C by a filter paper culture method. After careful observation of male and female adults, we confirmed them as Rhabditis elongata Schneider, 1866 on the morphological basis of the male genitalia, and the papillae and measurements of various parts of the worm bodies.
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Observation of the Free-living Adults of Strongyloides stercoralis from a Human Stool in Korea Young-Hee Hong, Jong-Wan Kim, In-Soo Rheem, Jae-Soo Kim, Suk-Bae Kim, Jong-Yil Chai, Sang-Mee Guk, Seung-Ha Lee, Min Seo Infection and Chemotherapy.2009; 41(2): 105. CrossRef
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The infection of Metagonimus yokogawai has been known to be present nationwidely and endemic in some parts in Korea. In order to select a highly effective compound against Metagonimus infections, the therapeutic effects were observed in 156 cases who were treated with several anthelmintic i.e. bithionol, niclosamide, niclofolan and praziquantel. All of the above drugs showed highly effective to the treatment of metagonimiasis by a single or two medication days. The egg reduction rates were in the range of 80.2 to 100 per cent. However, relatively low cure rates(8.3 to 37.5 percent) were observed in the groups treated by two doses of 30 mg/kg of bithionol, a single day treatment with 100 mg/kg of niclosamide and two doses of 1.0 mg/kg of niclofolan. On the other hand, the high cure rates were observed at the following dose rates of each drugs, i.e. the cure rate of 66.7 percent was obtained at two doses of 100 mg/kg of niclosamide, 88.9 percent of cure rate was observed at two doses of 2.0 mg/kg of niclofolan and a single dose of 10 and 20 mg/kg of praziquantel were shown as 85.0 percent and 88.0 percent of cure rates respectively.
But the complete radical cure was obtained in the group treated by two doses of 20 mg/kg of praziquantel in 10 metagonimiasis cases. From the above results praziquantel was shown as the most highly effective against metagonimiasis and it was well tolerated without any side effect. Therefore, praziquantel is a very promising drug for mass treatment against metagonimiasis.
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Intestinal trematodes of humans in Korea: Metagonimus, heterophyids and echinostomes J Y Chai, S H Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): s103. CrossRef
Application of PMR Spectrometry in Quantitative Analysis of Praziquantel in Pharmaceutical Preparations S. Z. El-khateeb, N. A. El Ragehy, F. I. Khattab, A. K. S. Ahmad Spectroscopy Letters.1990; 23(4): 505. CrossRef
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The biology and toxicology of molluscicides, bayluscide P. Andrews, J. Thyssen, D. Lorke Pharmacology & Therapeutics.1982; 19(2): 245. CrossRef
Therapeutic field trial with praziquantel (Biltricide) in a rural population infected with Clonorchis sinensis Han Jong Rim, Young Man Lee, Joon Sang Lee, Kyoung Hwan Joo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1982; 20(1): 1. CrossRef
Clinical evaluation of praziquantel(Embay 8440; Biltricide) in the treatment of Paragonimus westermani Han Jong Rim, Yoo Shin Chang, Joon Sang Lee, Kyoung Hwan Joo, Won Hyuk Suh, Moriyasu Tsuji The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1981; 19(1): 27. CrossRef
Clinical evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of praziquantel (Embay 8440) againstClonorchis sinensisinfection in man Han-Jong Rim, Kwang-Sa Lyu, Joon-Sang Lee, Kyoung-Hwan Joo Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology.1981; 75(1): 27. CrossRef
Experimental study on the therapeutic effect of praziquente1(Embay 8440) in rats experimentally infected with Clonorchis sinensis Han Jong Rim, Joung Hwan Ha, Soo Jin Kim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(1): 65. CrossRef
A study was made on 258 cases of cysticercosis, that were examined and diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University during a period of 9 years from 1968 to 1976 inclusive. There were a total of 35,363 surgical specimens examined during the same period, thus revealing the relative frequency ratio of cysticercosis among surgical accessions to be 0.73%. The common sites of involvement of cysticercosis were skeletal muscle, subcutaneous tissue, breast, brain and eye in decreasing order of frequency. Painless palpable nodules were the most common initial presentation clinically.
Histopathological staging was attempted based on the host tissue reaction and worm morphology. It was arbitrarily classified into early, intermediate and late stages. In general the morphology of the parasite consisted of a well preserved and compact calcospherules with intact subcuticular muscle layer in the early stage, showing a progressive deterioration of parasitic structures, finally undergoing resorptive process or mummification. The host tissue reation in the early stage was characterized by a diffuse epithelioid cell proliferation with lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltration without capsule formation. The intermediate stage consisted of a diffuse histiocytic proliferation with well formed outer collagen capsule. The latestage revealed mostly thinned out, well collagenized capsule with scanty lymphocytic infiltration. The parasite in the well formed cyst as usually distorted and often mummified. But the hooklets were relatively preserved up to the late stage. These finding suggest that the host tissue reacts to the cysticercus worm in fairly uniform fashion, and this fashion appears to have a sequence, i.e., violent lymphohistiocytic response in the initial phase of infection, and undergoing a gradual fibrotic (encapsulating) self-limiting course, finally being stabilized by a dense, acelluar collagen capsule or collapse and absorption.
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Studies on the bladder worm, Cysticercus cellulosae: The ultrastructure of C. cellulosae Soon Hyung Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(1): 75. CrossRef
Therapeutic trial of praziquantal (Embay 8440; Biltricide®) on the dermal and cerebral human cysticercosis Han Jong Rim, Joon Sang Lee, Kyoung Hwan Joo, Soo Jin Kim, Chang Ryong Won, Chang Yun Park The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1982; 20(2): 169. CrossRef
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The indirect fluorescent antibody test was performed to demonstrate the antibody production in the rabbits immunized with free-living amoebas; Acanthamoeba culbertsoni and Naegleria fowleri, and antibody titer changes by immunization duration. Rabbits were immunized with Acanthamoeba culbertsoni and Naegleria fowleri which were cultured axenically in CGVS medium. For experiments, rabbits were divided into two groups; small dose group received 10(4) intravenously with live or dead free-living amoebas trophozoites as an immunizing dose three times with one week interval, and large dose group received 10(6) live or dead trophozoites respectively. The control group received physiologic saline or medium for culture of free-living amoebas intravenously. Antiserum was collected 4 times at interval of 3 days in the first 10 days, and also up to 2 months later. In the group immunized with live Acanthamoeba culbertsoni, fluorescent antibody titer was higher than in the group of dead one, and also in the large dose group than in the small dose group. Antibody titer of anti-Naegleria fowleri serum in the large dose group showed no difference by the source of amoeba antigen; live or dead. But in the small dose group, antibody titer was higher in the immunized with live Naegleria fowleri than in the group with dead one.
No cross reactivity was demonstrated between the Acanthamoeba and Naegleria. And no cross reaction was observed when the free-living amoebas antigens were tested against human sera of amoebiasis, paragonimiasis and clonorchiasis.
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Pathogenic free-living amoebae K I Im The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 29. CrossRef
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An epidemiological survey conducted from March 1977 to October 1978, revealed that in the river Taeka running through Seong-ju county, Kyungpook Province, one habitat of the snail, Parafossarulus manchouricus, was found. The snail population in the habitat was very low, and no Clonorchis sinensis cercaria was found in the snails examined. Seven species of fresh-water fish caught were examined for the presence of the metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis. Of these, 3 species of fish, the Korean shiner, Gnathopogon atromaculatus, the gudgeon, Pseudogobio esocinus, and the striped shiner, Pungtungia herzi harbored the encysted larvae. The rate and intensity of infection with the metacercaria in the fish was, on the whole, low. The prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis among the residents in Seong-ju county was also low. The overall infection rate for the fluke in 1,012 residents was found to be 13.4 per cent.
The infection rate for Clonorchis sinensis in males and females was 17.1 and 9.2 per cent, respectively. This difference was statistically significant ( t > 2). It is found that Clonorchis sinensis is less prevalent in Seong-ju county than in the other counties of Kyungpook Province, Korea.
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Changing patterns of infection with digenetic larval trematodes from fresh-water fish in river Taewha, Kyongnam province Chong Yoon Joo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1988; 26(4): 263. CrossRef
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Epidemiological studies of Clonorchis sinensis in vicinity of river Taewha, Kyungnam province, Korea Chong Yoon Joo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(2): 199. CrossRef
The present study was undertaken to observe the pathologic changes of the liver in albino rats with Clonorchis sinensis. Twenty five rats given 50 metacercariae respectively by mouth were autopsied at 3 days (group 1), one week (group 2), 4 weeks (group 3), 8 weeks (group 4) and 12 weeks (group 5) of infection. The following results were obtained: Parasites were seen in bile ducts of group 2, 3, 4, 5 and increased in number with duration of infection. The pathologic changes in the liver were prominent in intrahepatic bile ducts. Epithelial cells of bile ducts showed definite atypia and proliferation resulting in pseudostratification in group. Stratification of metaplastic squamous cells and glandular proliferation were prominent in group 3. The epithelial cells were keratinized with syncitium and cribriform formation in group 4 and almost suggestive of adenomatous hyperplasia in group 5. Periductal fibrosis seen in group 4 was considerable as well as mature with hyalinized connective tissue in group 5. Heavy inflammatory cell infiltrations around the affected bile ducts in group 1 became smaller in number with duration of infection. The inflammatory cells consisted of the majority of eosinophils in group 1 and chiefly plasma cells, lymphocytes and mononuclear cells in group 5. Veins in portal spaces dilated markedly in group 1 became less prominent with duration of infection. Although portal fibrosis increased definitely in group 3 often extended into the hepatic lobules in group 4, the changes of hepatic cells, sinusoids and central veins were negligible. Above results suggest that clonorchiasis could be a factor in inducing primary carcinoma of liver in albino rats.
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A morphological study on the ultrastructures of body wall and the nervous system of Clonorchis sinensis was conducted.
For this study, liver flukes were collected from the liver of rabbit six months after the infection with metacercariae obtained from the fresh water fish, Pseudorasbora parva. The collected materials were washed with 0.85 percent saline solution and then immediately moved to cold 2.5 percent glutaraldehyde buffered with 0.1 M Millonig's phosphate buffer (pH 7.4). The materials were dissected into appropriate pieces in the fixative about 30 minutes after beginning of the fixation. Two hours later the materials were rinsed several times with the buffer and were fixed with cold, buffered 1 percent osmium tetroxide(OsO(4)) for 2 hours. The fully fixed tissue blocks were dehydrated in a series of graded concentrations of acetone and were embedded in Epon 812 mixture. Thin sections obtained from Sorvall MT-2 ultramicrotome were stained with uranyl acetate and Reynold's lead citrate. Observations of the sections were carried out with Hitachi HS-7S electron microscope. The following structures are newly identifed in a series of observations. The mid-abdominal integument of the fluke is more thicker(-6 micrometer) than the dorsal side(about 3 micrometer). Although it is so far known that only surface and epithelia of the suckers, pharynx, and the oesophagus are composed of integumental, anuclear layer, it is newly found that epithelium of the excretory pore also consists of integumental, anuclear layer. There are lot of microvilli in the dorsal outer surface of the oral sucker. A kind of ducts accumulated with unknown secretory granules are present within the parenchyrna around both of the oral suckers and the pharynx. The nerve endings are distributed to the integument of the body where sensory hairs are projected outward. The sensory hairs are rarely distributed throughout the whole integument, but a little more in the surroundings of both suckers. The sensory hairs are attached to the base of the sheath by a circular septate desmosome. No rootlet structure is observed but the upper part of the basal body is attached to the peripheral desmosome by transverse fibres. The mitochondria and the vesicles are present within the hair cavity. The nerve fibres are also found to be myelinated at least in main axons.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Analysis of Clonorchis sinensis antigens and diagnosis of clonorchiasis using monoclonal antibodies T S Yong, K Im, P R Chung The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1991; 29(3): 293. CrossRef
Clonorchiasis in Korea H J Rim The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1990; 28(Suppl): 63. CrossRef
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A Study on the structure of Clonorchis sinensis, a liver fluke IV. Probable functions of the Laurer's canal Kye Heon Jeong The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1983; 21(2): 209. CrossRef
A Study on the fine tegumental structures of the metacercaria and juvenile stages of Clonorchis sinensis Soon Hyung Lee, Sung Tae Hong, Byong Seol Seo The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1982; 20(2): 123. CrossRef
A study on the fine structure of Clonorchis sinensis, a liver fluke II. The alimentary tract and the excretory system Kye Heon Jeong, Han Jong Rim, Woo Kap Kim, Chang Whan Kim, He Young Yang The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(1): 81. CrossRef
Morphological observations on Clonorchis sinensis obtained from rats treated with praziquantel Han Jong Rim, Hee Young Park, Soo Jin Kim, Sook Hee Lee The Korean Journal of Parasitology.1980; 18(2): 192. CrossRef
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