Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Mongolia"

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Molecular Detection and Seroprevalence of Babesia microti among Stock Farmers in Khutul City, Selenge Province, Mongolia: Sung-Hee Hong, Davaasuren Anu, Young-Il Jeong, Davaajav Abmed, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Won-Ja Lee, Sang-Eun Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(4):443-447.
Published online August 29, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.4.443

Abstract
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Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne disease in humans worldwide; however, little is known about the frequency of infection or prevalence of this disease in other parts of the world, excluding North America. In this study, we aimed to investigate Babesia microti infection frequency in a human population in Mongolia. One hundred blood samples were collected from stock farmers living in Khutul city of Selenge province, Mongolia. The sera and DNA from blood samples were evaluated for the presence of B. microti infection by using indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) tests and PCR. The positive detection rates obtained using the IFA tests and PCR assays were 7% and 3%, respectively. This study is the first to detect of B. microti infections based on antibody seroprevalence or PCR assays for the presence of B. microti DNA in a Mongolian population.

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Babesia microti Transmission Risk Through Ixodes persulcatus Ticks in Selenge, Mongolia, and Investigation of Its Infectivity in Rodents
Davganyam Bayarmagnai, Gombodash Ganbat, Ariunbold Munkhtsetseg, Mygarmarsuren Odonchimeg, Dashzevge Erdenechimeg, Tserennyam Davaajargal, Zorigt Uurtsaikh, Khandsuren Naranbaatar, Damdinsuren Boldbaatar, Bumduuren Tuvshintulga
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
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Steven J. Drews, Anne M. Kjemtrup, Peter J. Krause, Grayson Lambert, David A. Leiby, Antoine Lewin, Sheila F. O'Brien, Christian Renaud, Laura Tonnetti, Evan M. Bloch, Romney M. Humphries
Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Sabir Hussain, Abrar Hussain, Muhammad Umair Aziz, Baolin Song, Jehan Zeb, David George, Jun Li, Olivier Sparagano
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Abhinav Kumar, Jane O’Bryan, Peter Krause
Pathogens.2021; 10(11): 1447. CrossRef
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Jiří Černý, Buyantogtokh Buyannemekh, Tersia Needham, Gantulga Gankhuyag, Dashzeveg Oyuntsetseg
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2019; 10(6): 101268. CrossRef
The Babesia observational antibody (BAOBAB) study: A cross-sectional evaluation of Babesia in two communities in Kilosa district, Tanzania
Evan M. Bloch, Zakayo Mrango, Mabula Kasubi, Jerusha Weaver, Aleksandra Mihailovic, Beatriz Munoz, Anna Weimer, Andrew Levin, Laura Tonnetti, Jeffrey M. Linnen, Vanessa Brès, Douglas E. Norris, Giovanna Carpi, Sheila K. West, Christine A Petersen
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2019; 13(8): e0007632. CrossRef
Some aspects on tick species in Mongolia and their potential role in the transmission of equine piroplasms, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi L.
Myadagsuren Narankhajid, Chultemsuren Yeruult, Agvaandaram Gurbadam, Jigjav Battsetseg, Stephan W. Aberle, Badamdorj Bayartogtokh, Anja Joachim, Georg Gerhard Duscher
Parasitology Research.2018; 117(11): 3557. CrossRef
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Philipp Stahl, Yves Poinsignon, Pascal Pouedras, Vasilica Ciubotaru, Laurence Berry, Brinda Emu, Peter J Krause, Choukri Ben Mamoun, Emmanuel Cornillot
Journal of Travel Medicine.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
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E. M. Bloch, Y. Yang, M. He, L. Tonnetti, Y. Liu, J. Wang, Y. Guo, H. Li, D. A. Leiby, H. Shan
Vox Sanguinis.2018; 113(4): 345. CrossRef
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Lavoisier Akoolo, Samantha Schlachter, Rasel Khan, Laura Alter, Albert D. Rojtman, Kristine Gedroic, Purnima Bhanot, Nikhat Parveen
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Zi-Hou Gao, Tao-Hua Huang, Bao-Gui Jiang, Na Jia, Zheng-Xiang Liu, Zong-Ti Shao, Rui-Ruo Jiang, Hong-Bo Liu, Ran Wei, Yu-Qiong Li, Hong-Wu Yao, Michael E. von Fricken, Jia-Fu Jiang, Chun-Hong Du, Wu-Chun Cao, Joseph M. Vinetz
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2017; 11(10): e0005898. CrossRef
Detection of Babesia venatorum, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis in Ixodes persulcatus ticks from Mongolia
Carolin Karnath, Anna Obiegala, Stephanie Speck, Sandra Essbauer, Henri Derschum, Holger Scholz, Daniel Kiefer, Damdindorj Tserennorov, Otgonbataar Dashdavaa, Nyamdorj Tsogbadrakh, Battsetseg Jigjav, Martin Pfeffer
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Experimental transmission of Babesia microti by Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides
Lan-Hua Li, Dan Zhu, Chen-Chen Zhang, Yi Zhang, Xiao-Nong Zhou
Parasites & Vectors.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
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Aya Zamoto-Niikura, Shigeru Morikawa, Ken-Ichi Hanaki, Patricia J. Holman, Chiaki Ishihara, P. D. Schloss
Applied and Environmental Microbiology.2016; 82(22): 6624. CrossRef
The PCR detection and phylogenetic characterization of Babesia microti in questing ticks in Mongolia
Bumduuren Tuvshintulga, Thillaiampalam Sivakumar, Badgar Battsetseg, Sandag-ochir Narantsatsaral, Batsaikhan Enkhtaivan, Banzragch Battur, Kyoko Hayashida, Kazuhiro Okubo, Takahiro Ishizaki, Noboru Inoue, Ikuo Igarashi, Naoaki Yokoyama
Parasitology International.2015; 64(6): 527. CrossRef

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Recent Situation of Taeniasis in Mongolia (2002-2012): Anu Davaasuren, Temuulen Dorjsuren, Tetsuya Yanagida, Yasuhito Sako, Kazuhiro Nakaya, Abmed Davaajav, Gurbadam Agvaandaram, Tsatsral Enkhbat, Battsetseg Gonchigoo, Nyamkhuu Dulmaa, Gantigmaa Chuluunbaatar, Akira Ito; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(2):211-214.
Published online April 18, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.2.211

Abstract
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Epidemiological situation of taeniasis in Mongolia was assessed based on mitochondrial DNA identification of the parasite species. Multiplex PCR was used on a total of 194 proglottid specimens of Taenia species and copro-PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays were utilized for detection of copro-DNA of 37 fecal samples from taeniasis patients submitted to the Mongolian National Center for Communicable Diseases (NCCD) from 2002 to 2012. In addition, 4 out of 44 calcified cysts in beef kept in formalin since 2003 were evaluated for histopathological confirmation of cattle cysticercosis. All proglottid specimens and stool samples were confirmed to be Taenia saginata by multiplex PCR and by copro-PCR and LAMP, respectively. Cysts collected from cattle were morphologically confirmed to be metacestodes of Taenia species. T. saginata taeniasis was identified from almost all ages from a 2-year-old boy up to a 88-year-old woman and most prominently in 15-29 age group (37%, 74/198) followed by 30-44 age group (34.8%, 69/198 ) from 15 of Mongolia's 21 provinces, while cattle cysticerci were found from 12 provinces. The highest proportion of taeniasis patients was in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia.

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Comparison of mitochondrial genetic variation of Taenia hydatigena cysticerci from China and Mongolia
Sayed Ajmal Qurishi, Hong-Bin Yan, Li Li, John Aeskhaen Ohiolei, Mughees Aizaz Alvi, Lin-Sheng Zhang, Ha Da, Hong-Mei Qiao, Nigus Abebe Shumuye, Bao Hua, Bing-Xin Bai, Wen-Jun Tian, Ju-Mei Xu, Bao-Quan Fu, Wan-Zhong Jia
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Anu Davaasuren, Abmed Davaajav, Baigalmaa Ukhnaa, Altantsetseg Purvee, Saraa Unurkhaan, Amartuvshin Luvsan, Jenae E. Logan, Akira Ito
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Discovery of Maritrema obstipum (Digenea: Microphallidae) from Migratory Birds in Korea: Ok-Sik Chung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Hye-Jung Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(4):457-460.
Published online December 16, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.4.457

Abstract
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Adults of Maritrema obstipum (Digenea: Microphallidae) were found in the intestines of 4 species of migratory birds, including the sanderling (Crocethia alba), Kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrines), Mongolian plover (Charadrius mongolus), and red-necked stint (Calidris ruficollis), collected from Yubu Island, Chungcheongnam-do, Korea. The worms of were 451×265 ?m in size, and were easily identifiable as Maritrema species by the presence of the cirrus sac, and the ring-like distribution of the vitellaria. More specifically, the ejaculatory duct curved posteromedially, and the 2 parts of vitelline follicles were found to be distinct at the posterior end. The eggs were brown-colored, and 19.8×12.3 ?m in size. All these findings implicated M. obstipum as the pertinent species of the worms. Beside these, adult worms of Gynaecotyla squatarolae, Parvatrema duboisi, and Acanthoparyphium sp. were also discovered. This is the first report establishing migratory birds as the natural definitive hosts for M. obstipum.

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Seongjun Choe, Hyun Kim, Junsik Lim, Dongmin Lee, Hansol Park, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Heejong Kim, Youngjun Kim, Keeseon S. Eom
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Ho-Jin Yoo, Ok-Sik Chung, Min Seo
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2012; 50(3): 273. CrossRef

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Experimental Toxocara cati Infection in Gerbils and Rats: Mohammad Zibaei, Seyed Mahmoud Sadjjadi, Shoji Uga; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(4):331-333.
Published online December 16, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.4.331

Abstract
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Mongolian gerbils and Wistar rats were inoculated orally with 240 and 2,500 Toxocara cati embryonated eggs, respectively, to evaluate the larval recovery in different tissues and organs, such as the liver, lungs, heart, kidney, and skeletal muscles after 5, 30, 49, 70, and 92 days post-infection (PI). Larval recovery rates were 1.7-30.0% in Mongolian gerbils on days 5-92 PI and 0.2-3.8% in rats on the same days. These results indicate that Mongolian gerbils and Wistar rats are suitable experimental paratenic hosts for the study of neurological toxocariasis as well as visceral toxocariasis.

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Discovery of Parvatrema duboisi and Parvatrema homoeotecnum (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) from Migratory Birds in Korea: Ok-Sik Chung, Hye-Jung Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Yun-Kyu Park, Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(3):271-274.
Published online September 16, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.3.271

Abstract
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Adult worms of Parvatrema spp. (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) were found in the intestines of 2 species of migratory birds, i.e., a great knot, Calidris tenuirostris, and 2 Mongolian plovers, Charadrius mongolus, in the coastal area of Gunsan-si, Jeollabuk-do in October 2009. The recovered Parvatrema worms were 79 in total number and composed of 2 species. The worms from a great knot were 289 ?m in length with the oral and ventral sucker ratio of 2 : 1. They had a single vitellarium, and their intrauterine eggs were 25.0 × 17.5 ?m in size. These findings were compatible with P. duboisi (Dollfus, 1923) Bartoli, 1974 (syn. P. timondavidi Bartoli, 1963). The worms recovered from the Mongolian plovers were smaller in length than P. duboisi and had 2 vitellaria. The oral and ventral sucker ratio was 2.5 : 1, and the eggs were 17.5 × 8.8 ?m in size. These worms were assigned to be P. homoeotecnum James, 1964. This is the first report on the natural final hosts of Parvatrema spp. in Korea.

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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(4): 457. CrossRef

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Loss of infectivity of Neospora caninum oocysts maintained for a prolonged time: Rosangela Soares Uzeda, Kattyanne De Souza Costa, Sara Lima Santos, Alexandre Moraes Pinheiro, Maria Angela Ornelas De Almeida, Milton M. McAllister, Luis Fernando Pita Gondim; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(4):295-299.
Published online December 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.4.295

Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to investigate whether sporulated Neospora caninum oocysts, which had been stored for 46 mo in a 2% sulfuric acid solution at 4℃, remain morphologically viable and infective to gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). Six gerbils were orally inoculated with doses of 400 or 1,200 oocysts. Two mo after inoculation, the animals did not show any clinical signs, had no histological lesions, and were seronegative for N. caninum at 1: 50 in an immunofluorescent antibody test. PCR using the brain from each gerbil did not reveal N. caninum specific DNA. We conclude that oocysts preserved for 46 mo are not infective, despite being morphologically intact.

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Intestinal protozoan infections and echinococcosis in the inhabitants of Dornod and Selenge, Mongolia (2003): Sun Huh, Jae-Ran Yu, Jong-Il Kim, Choijamts Gotov, Radnaabazar Janchiv, Jeong-Sun Seo; Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(2):171-174.
Published online June 20, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.2.171

Abstract
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The status of intestinal parasitic infections and seroprevalence of cystic echinococcosis in the inhabitants in Dornod and Selenge, Mongolia, was observed with stool and serum samples from 165 and 683 residents from August 9 to August 15, 2003. A total of 10 inhabitants (6.1%) were found to be infected with protozoan cysts or oocysts by stool examinations; 7, 1 and 2 cases with Entamoeba coli, Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum, respectively. A total of 62 people (9.1%) revealed significantly high levels of specific antibodies against Echinococcus granulosus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The surveyed areas are rural areas and the sanitized tab water is not available. There is a possibility of endemic transmission of water-borne protozoan diseases in these areas. The clinical echinococcosis is needed to be searched from the seropositive inhabitants.

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Original Article

A survey of helminthic infections in the residents of rural areas near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia: Do-Sung Lee, Byung-Ha Chung, Nam-Seok Lee, Ho-Woo Nam, Joong-Ho Kim; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):145-147.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.145

Abstract
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A total of 738 samples was collected to survey the helminthic infections of residents in two rural areas near Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia for 2 weeks from July 23 to August 2, 1998. Among 391 scotch-taped slides of anal swabs of children and of young teenagers, Enterobius vermicularis eggs were detected in 138 cases (35.3%). With the fecal samples of 206 Kato-Katz thick smear slides from adults, the eggs of E. vermicularis were observed in 9 cases and Taenia sp. in one case, respectively. And by ELISA on 141 blood samples absorbed to blood sampling paper, 12 cases (8.5%) were found to be positive against the hydatid cyst antigen. Enterobiasis and hydatidosis are two major endemic diseases which are related closely to the life style of Mongolian.

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