Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Spirometra erinaceieuropaei"

Original Articles

Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens (Cestoidea: Diphyllobothriidae): Keeseon S. Eom, Hansol Park, Dongmin Lee, Seongjun Choe, Kyu-Heon Kim, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(4):455-463.
Published online August 25, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.4.455

Abstract
PDF

The present study was performed to compare the mitochondrial genomes between 2 Spirometra tapeworms, Spirometra erinaceieuropaei and Spirometra decipiens (Cestoidea: Diphyllobothriidae), which larval stages are important etiological agents of sparganosis in humans. For each species, the full mitochondrial genome was amplified in 8 overlapping fragments using total genomic DNA purified from a single worm as the template. The mitochondrial genomes were 13,643 bp (S. erinaceieuropaei) and 13,641 bp (S. decipiens) in length and contained 36 genes; 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNA, small and large subunits), and 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs). The 12 protein-coding genes constituted 10,083 bp (S. erinaceieuropaei) and 10,086 bp (S. decipiens) of their respective mitochondrial genomes. The tRNA genes, ranging in length from 56 to 70 bp, were identified based on putative secondary structures such as the typical cloverleaf shape. A total of 23 intergenic sequences, varying from 1 to 204 bp in size, were interspersed in S. erinaceieuropaei (total, 504 bp) and S. decipiens (total, 496 bp) mtDNA. The 12 protein-coding genes of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens differed by 12.4%, whereas the overall difference in mtDNA sequence between S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens was 12.9%. Thus, from the standpoint of the mitochondrial genome, S. decipiens represents a valid species that can be distinguished from S. erinaceieuropaei.

Citations

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Human Infections with Spirometra decipiens Plerocercoids Identified by Morphologic and Genetic Analyses in Korea: Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Hansol Park, Dongmin Lee, Seongjun Choe, Kyu-Heon Kim, Sun Huh, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai, Keeseon S. Eom; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):299-305.
Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.299

Abstract
PDF

Tapeworms of the genus Spirometra are pseudophyllidean cestodes endemic in Korea. At present, it is unclear which Spirometra species are responsible for causing human infections, and little information is available on the epidemiological profiles of Spirometra species infecting humans in Korea. Between 1979 and 2009, a total of 50 spargana from human patients and 2 adult specimens obtained from experimentally infected carnivorous animals were analyzed according to genetic and taxonomic criteria and classified as Spirometra erinaceieuropaei or Spirometra decipiens depending on the morphology. Morphologically, S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens are different in that the spirally coiled uterus in S. erinaceieuropaei has 5-7 complete coils, while in S. decipiens it has only 4.5 coils. In addition, there is a 9.3% (146/1,566) sequence different between S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens in the cox1 gene. Partial cox1 sequences (390 bp) from 35 Korean isolates showed 99.4% (388/390) similarity with the reference sequence of S. erinaceieuropaei from Korea (G1724; GenBank KJ599680) and an additional 15 Korean isolates revealed 99.2% (387/390) similarity with the reference sequences of S. decipiens from Korea (G1657; GenBank KJ599679). Based on morphologic and molecular databases, the estimated population ratio of S. erinaceieuropaei to S. decipiens was 35: 15. Our results indicate that both S. erinaceieuropaei and S. decipiens found in Korea infect humans, with S. erinaceieuropaei being 2 times more prevalent than S. decipiens. This study is the first to report human sparganosis caused by S. decipiens in humans in Korea.

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Mitochondrial Genome Sequences of <i>Spirometra erinaceieuropaei</i> and <i>S. decipiens</i> (Cestoidea: Diphyllobothriidae)
Keeseon S. Eom, Hansol Park, Dongmin Lee, Seongjun Choe, Kyu-Heon Kim, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon
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Case Report

Sparganosis Presenting as Cauda Equina Syndrome with Molecular Identification of the Parasite in Tissue Sections: Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Pornsuk Cheunsuchon, Prajak Srirabheebhat, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Wanchai Maleewong, Pewpan M. Intapan; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(6):739-742.
Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.6.739

Abstract
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A 52-year-old woman presented with lower back pain, progressive symmetrical paraparesis with sensory impairment, and sphincter disturbance. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole spine revealed multiple intradural extramedullary serpiginous-mass lesions in the subarachnoid space continuously from the prepontine to the anterior part of the medulla oblongata levels, C7, T2-T8, and T12 vertebral levels distally until the end of the theca sac and filling-in the right S1 neural foramen. Sparganosis was diagnosed by demonstration of the sparganum in histopathological sections of surgically resected tissues and also by the presence of serum IgG antibodies by ELISA. DNA was extracted from unstained tissue sections, and a partial fragment of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene was amplified using a primer set specific for Spirometra spp. cox1. After sequencing of the PCR-amplicon and alignment of the nucleotide sequence data, the causative agent was identified as the larva of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei.

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