Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Young Mee Bae"

Original Articles

In Vitro Maintenance of Clonorchis sinensis Adult Worms: Md. Hafiz Uddin, Shunyu Li, Young Mee Bae, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(4):309-315.
Published online November 26, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.309

Abstract
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Clonorchis sinensis is a biological carcinogen inducing human cholangiocarcinoma, and clonorchiasis is one of the important endemic infectious diseases in East Asia. The present study investigated survival longevity of C. sinensis adult worms in various in vitro conditions to find the best way of keeping the worms longer. The worms were maintained in 0.85% NaCl, 1×PBS, 1×Locke's solution, RPMI-1640, DMEM, and IMDM media, and in 1×Locke's solution with different supplements. All of the worms died within 3 and 7 days in 0.85% NaCl and 1×PBS, respectively, but survived up to 57 days in 1×Locke's solution. The worms lived for 106 days in DMEM, and 114 days in both RPMI-1640 and IMDM media. The survival rate in RPMI-1640 medium was the highest (50%) compared to that in DMEM (20±10%) and in IMDM (33.3±25.2%) after 3 months. The 1×Locke's solution with 0.005% bovine bile supplement showed increased duration of maximum survival from 42 days to 70 days. Higher concentration of bile supplements than 0.005% or addition of glucose were disadvantageous for the worm survival. The worms died rapidly in solutions containing L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, and adenine compared to L-arginine, L-serine, and L-tryptophan. In conclusion, the 1×Locke's solution best supports the worms alive among inorganic solutions for 57 days, and the RPMI-1640 medium maintains living C. sinensis adults better and longer up to 114 days in vitro than other media.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clonorchis sinensis and Cholangiocarcinoma
Eun-Min Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Truman Show for Human Helminthic Parasites: A Review of Recent Advances in In Vitro Cultivation Platforms
Smita Sutrave, Martin Heinrich Richter
Microorganisms.2023; 11(7): 1708. CrossRef
In vitro culture and morphology of Neoechinorhynchus buttnerae (Eoacanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) collected from the intestine of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) farmed in the Brazilian Amazon
M. I. B. Oliveira, C. Majolo, F. A. Sebastião, M. Tavares-Dias, F. R. Brandão, E. C. Chagas
Brazilian Journal of Biology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics of potential inhibitors targeting sodium-bile acid co-transporter of carcinogenic liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis
Won Gi Yoo, Fuhong Dai, Jhang Ho Pak, Sung-Jong Hong, Jin-Ho Song, Sutas Suttiprapa
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2022; 16(11): e0010909. CrossRef
Amino acids serve as an important energy source for adult flukes of Clonorchis sinensis
Shan Li, Xueqing Chen, Juanjuan Zhou, Zhizhi Xie, Mei Shang, Lei He, Pei Liang, Tingjin Chen, Qiang Mao, Chi Liang, Xuerong Li, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu, John Pius Dalton
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(4): e0008287. CrossRef
Sodium-bile acid co-transporter is crucial for survival of a carcinogenic liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis in the bile
Fuhong Dai, Won Gi Yoo, Yanyan Lu, Jin-Ho Song, Ji-Yun Lee, Youngro Byun, Jhang Ho Pak, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, John Pius Dalton
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(12): e0008952. CrossRef
Characterization of a novel organic solute transporter homologue from Clonorchis sinensis
Yanyan Lu, Won Gi Yoo, Fuhong Dai, Ji-Yun Lee, Jhang Ho Pak, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, John Pius Dalton
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2018; 12(4): e0006459. CrossRef
Sequence analysis and characterization of pyruvate kinase from Clonorchis sinensis, a 53.1-kDa homopentamer, implicated immune protective efficacy against clonorchiasis
Tingjin Chen, Hongye Jiang, Hengchang Sun, Zhizhi Xie, Pengli Ren, Lu Zhao, Huimin Dong, Mengchen Shi, Zhiyue Lv, Zhongdao Wu, Xuerong Li, Xinbing Yu, Yan Huang, Jin Xu
Parasites & Vectors.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
C3H/He Mice as an Incompatible Cholangiocarcinoma Model by Clonorchis sinensis, Dicyclanil and N-Nitrosodimethylamine
Md. Hafiz Uddin, Shunyu Li, Yan Jin, Min-Ho Choi, Ja June Jang, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2016; 54(3): 281. CrossRef
Clonorchis sinensis acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase: identification and characterization of its potential role in surviving in the bile duct
Jinsi Lin, Hongling Qu, Guishan Chen, Lei He, Yanquan Xu, Zhizhi Xie, Mengyu Ren, Jiufeng Sun, Shan Li, Wenjun Chen, Xueqing Chen, Xiaoyun Wang, Xuerong Li, Chi Liang, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Parasites & Vectors.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Involvement of PSMD10, CDK4, and Tumor Suppressors in Development of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma of Syrian Golden Hamsters Induced by Clonorchis sinensis and N-Nitrosodimethylamine
Md. Hafiz Uddin, Min-Ho Choi, Woo Ho Kim, Ja-June Jang, Sung-Tae Hong, Xiao-Nong Zhou
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2015; 9(8): e0004008. CrossRef
Advanced Enzymology, Expression Profile and Immune Response of Clonorchis sinensis Hexokinase Show Its Application Potential for Prevention and Control of Clonorchiasis
Tingjin Chen, Jinyun Yu, Zeli Tang, Zhizhi Xie, Zhipeng Lin, Hengchang Sun, Shuo Wan, Xuerong Li, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu, Jin Xu, Aaron R. Jex
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2015; 9(3): e0003641. CrossRef
Production and Deformation of Clonorchis sinensis Eggs during In Vitro Maintenance
Md. Hafiz Uddin, Young Mee Bae, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Jason Mulvenna
PLoS ONE.2012; 7(12): e52676. CrossRef

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Infection Status of Freshwater Fish with Metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in Korea: Eun-Min Kim, Jae-Lip Kim, Sung Yil Choi, Jae-Whan Kim, Siwon Kim, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Soon-Hyung Lee, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(4):247-251.
Published online December 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.4.247

Abstract
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This study investigated freshwater fish for their current infection status with metacercariae of Clonorchis sinensis in Korea. Twenty-one species of freshwater fish (n = 677) were collected from 34 regions nationwidely from February 2007 to June 2008. They were individually examined by digestion technique. Eight species of freshwater fish from 17 different regions were recognized positive for the metacercariae of C. sinensis. The positive rates (range of metacercariae number per fish) of fish by the species were as follows: 48% (1-1,142) in Pseudorasbora parva, 60% (1-412) in Pungtungia herzi, 15.7% (1-23) in Pseudogobio esocinus, 29% (1-7) in Acheilognathus intermedia, 21% (1-4) in Odontobutis interrupta, 33% (1-6) in Zacco temmincki, 3.6% (1-4) in Zacco platypus, and 26.3% (1) in Hemibarbus labeo. The two species, P. parva and P. herzi, are able to be the index fish for estimation of C. sinensis transmission in a certain locality. Still several species of freshwater fish are briskly transmitting C. sinensis infection in many riverside areas of southern Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Functional characterization of glucose transporter 4 involved in glucose uptake in Clonorchis sinensis
Hojong Jun, Ernest Mazigo, Wang-Jong Lee, Yun-Kyu Park, Jin-Hee Han, Seok Ho Cha
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(4): 450. CrossRef
Functional characterization of Clonorchis sinensis choline transporter
Jeong Yeon Won, Johnsy Mary Louis, Eui Sun Roh, Seok Ho Cha, Jin-Hee Han
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(4): 428. CrossRef
Infection Characteristics of Clonorchis sinensis Metacercariae in Fish from Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2022; 60(2): 79. CrossRef
Current status of Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis in Korea: epidemiological perspectives integrating the data from human and intermediate hosts
Won Gi Yoo, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1296. CrossRef
Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in fish in South‐East Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Ying Zhang, Qing‐Long Gong, Qing‐Bo Lv, Yang‐Yuan Qiu, Yan‐Chun Wang, Hong‐Yu Qiu, Xin‐Rui Guo, Jun‐Feng Gao, Qiao‐Cheng Chang, Chun‐Ren Wang
Journal of Fish Diseases.2020; 43(11): 1409. CrossRef
Connexin 43 plays an important role in the transformation of cholangiocytes with Clonochis sinensis excretory-secretory protein and N-nitrosodimethylamine
Eun-Min Kim, Young Mee Bae, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, John Pius Dalton
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2019; 13(4): e0006843. CrossRef
Infection Status with Clonorchis sinensis Metacercariae in Fish from Yangcheon (Stream) in Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(2): 145. CrossRef
Prevalence and Intensity of Clonorchis sinensis Metacercariae in Freshwater Fish from Wicheon Stream in Gunwi-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju, Dong-Chul Son
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(1): 41. CrossRef
Characterization of a novel organic solute transporter homologue from Clonorchis sinensis
Yanyan Lu, Won Gi Yoo, Fuhong Dai, Ji-Yun Lee, Jhang Ho Pak, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Jong Hong, John Pius Dalton
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2018; 12(4): e0006459. CrossRef
Infection Status with Clonorchis sinensis Metacercariae in Fish from Tamjin-gang (River) in Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea
Ki-Bok Yoon, Hyun-Cheol Lim, Doo Young Jeon, Sook Park, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju, Sung-Shik Shin, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(2): 183. CrossRef
Infections with Digenean Trematode Metacercariae in Two Invasive Alien Fish, Micropterus salmoides and Lepomis macrochirus, in Two Rivers in Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
Seongjun Choe, Hansol Park, Dongmin Lee, Yeseul Kang, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(5): 509. CrossRef
Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis Metacercariae in Fish from Water Systems of Seomjin-gang (River)
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Mi-Yeoun Park, Cheon-Hyeon Kim, Min-Ah Hwang, Kyeong-Woo No, Ki-Bok Yoon, Hyun-Cheol Lim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(3): 305. CrossRef
Comparative Risk of Liver and Intestinal Fluke Infection from Either Wild-Caught or Cultured Fish in Vietnam
Thi Van Phan, Ngoc Thanh Bui, Van Ha Nguyen, Darwin Murrell
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2016; 16(12): 790. CrossRef
Trematode Metacercariae in Freshwater Fish from Water Systems of Hantangang and Imjingang in Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Soon-Won Lee, Seung-Bong Choi, Won-Seok Seok
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(3): 289. CrossRef
Acute cholecystitis associated withClonorchis sinensisinfection
Jung Taek Oh, Dong Baek Kang, Hyang Jeong Jo
Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research.2014; 87(2): 104. CrossRef
Dynamics of Centrocestus armatus Transmission in Endemic River in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan
Shintaro Komatsu, Daisuke Kimura, Vachel Gay V. Paller, Shoji Uga
Tropical Medicine and Health.2014; 42(1): 35. CrossRef
Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infection in freshwater fishes in northeastern China
Y. Zhang, Q.C. Chang, Y. Zhang, L. Na, W.T. Wang, W.W. Xu, D.Z. Gao, Z.X. Liu, C.R. Wang, X.Q. Zhu
Veterinary Parasitology.2014; 204(3-4): 209. CrossRef
Prevalence of Zoonotic Trematode Metacercariae in Freshwater Fish from Gangwon-do, Korea
Shin-Hyeong Cho, Won-Ja Lee, Tong-Soo Kim, Won-Seok Seok, Taejoon Lee, Kyungjin Jeong, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(4): 399. CrossRef
Clinical Update on Parasitic Diseases
Min Seo
Korean Journal of Medicine.2013; 85(5): 469. CrossRef
Age and Growth of Barbel Steed Hemibarbus labeo in Goe-san Lake in Korea
Wan-Ok Lee, Ming-Ming Zhang, Chul-Woong Oh, Jae-Min Baek, Kyung-Jun Song
Fisheries and aquatic sciences.2012; 15(4): 353. CrossRef
Obstructive Jaundice Caused by Clonorchiasis-associated Duodenal Papillitis: A Case Report
Jun Uk Lim, Kwang Ro Joo, Hyun Phil Shin, Jae Myung Cha, Joung Il Lee, Sung Jig Lim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2011; 26(1): 135. CrossRef
Prevalence ofClonorchis sinensisMetacercariae in Freshwater Fish from Three Latitudinal Regions of the Korean Peninsula
Shin-Hyeong Cho, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Tong-Soo Kim, Yoon Kong, Keeseon Eom, Won-Seok Seok, Taejoon Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(4): 385. CrossRef
Study on Factors Related to of Clonorchiasis Infection among the Inhabitants in the Nakdong Riverside Area
Seong Ho Hwang, Jae Yong Park, Chang Hyun Han, Yeon Yi Song, Kyung Soon Park
Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing.2010; 21(2): 242. CrossRef
Pan‐continental invasion ofPseudorasbora parva: towards a better understanding of freshwater fish invasions
Rodolphe E Gozlan, Demetra Andreou, Takashi Asaeda, Kathleen Beyer, Rachid Bouhadad, Dean Burnard, Nuno Caiola, Predrag Cakic, Vesna Djikanovic, Hamid R Esmaeili, Istvan Falka, Duncan Golicher, Akos Harka, Galina Jeney, Vladimír Kováč, Jiří Musil, Annamar
Fish and Fisheries.2010; 11(4): 315. CrossRef
Detection ofClonorchis sinensisin stool samples using real-time PCR
E.-M. Kim, J. J. Verweij, A. Jalili, L. van Lieshout, M.-H. Choi, Y. M. Bae, M. K. Lim, S.-T. Hong
Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology.2009; 103(6): 513. CrossRef

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Effects of Excretory/Secretory Products from Clonorchis sinensis and the Carcinogen Dimethylnitrosamine on the Proliferation and Cell Cycle Modulation of Human Epithelial HEK293T Cells: Eun-Min Kim, June-Sung Kim, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Young Mee Bae; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(3):127-132.
Published online September 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.3.127

Abstract
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Clonorchis sinensis is one of the most prevalent parasitic helminths in Korea. Although cholangiocarcinoma can be induced by C. sinensis infection, the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. To assess the role of C. sinensis infection in carcinogenesis, an in vitro system was established using the human epithelial cell line HEK293T. In cells exposed to the excretory/secretory products (ESP) of C. sinensis and the carcinogen dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), cellular proliferation and the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase increased. Moreover, the expression of the cell cycle proteins E2F1, p-pRb, and cyclin B was dramatically increased when ESP and DMN were added together. Similarly, the transcription factor E2F1 showed its highest level of activity when ESP and DMN were added simultaneously. These findings indicate that DMN and ESP synergistically affect the regulation of cell cycle-related proteins. Our results suggest that exposure to C. sinensis and a small amount of a carcinogen such as DMN can promote carcinogenesis in the bile duct epithelium via uncontrolled cellular proliferation and the upregulation of cell cycle-related proteins.

Citations

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Ji Hoon Jeong, Junyeong Yi, Myung Ki Hwang, Sung-Jong Hong, Woon-Mok Sohn, Tong-Soo Kim, Jhang Ho Pak
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Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Connexin 43 plays an important role in the transformation of cholangiocytes with Clonochis sinensis excretory-secretory protein and N-nitrosodimethylamine
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Brief Communication

Collection of Clonorchis sinensis adult worms from infected humans after praziquantel treatment: Chenghua Shen, Jae-hwan Kim, Jeong-Keun Lee, Young Mee Bae, Min-Ho Choi, Jin-Kyoung Oh, Min Kyung Lim, Hai-Rim Shin, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(2):149-152.
Published online June 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.2.149

Abstract
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A cohort was established for evaluation of cancer risk factors in Sancheong-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. As one of the cohort studies, stools of 947 residents (403 males and 544 females, age range: 29-86 years) were screened for Clonorchis sinensis eggs using both Kato-Katz method and formalin-ether sedimentation technique. The overall egg positive rate of C. sinensis was 37.7% and individual EPG (eggs per gram of feces) counts ranged from 24 to 28,800. Eight egg positive residents voluntarily joined a process of collection of the passed worms after praziquantel treatment. A total of 158 worms were recovered from 5 of the 8 treated persons, ranged from 3 to 108 in each individual. The worms were 15-20 mm × 2-3 mm in size, and showed brown-pigmented, red, or white body colors. This is the first collection record of C. sinensis adult worms from humans through anthelmintic treatment and purgation. The adult worms of C. sinensis may be paralyzed by praziquantel and then discharged passively through bile flow in the bile duct and by peristaltic movement of the bowel.

Citations

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Clonorchis sinensis and Cholangiocarcinoma
Eun-Min Kim, Sung-Tae Hong
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Natural history of liver fluke infection underpins epidemiological patterns of biliary cancer
Thomas Crellen, Francesca Vita, Chiara Braconi, Paiboon Sithithaworn, T. Déirdre Hollingsworth
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Diagnosis of helminths depends on worm fecundity and the distribution of parasites within hosts
Thomas Crellen, Melissa Haswell, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Somphou Sayasone, Peter Odermatt, Poppy H. L. Lamberton, Simon E. F. Spencer, T. Déirdre Hollingsworth
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Original Article

Tissue parasitic helminthiases are prevalent at Cheongjin, North Korea: Chenghua Shen, Shunyu Li, Shanzi Zheng, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(2):139-144.
Published online June 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.2.139

Abstract
PDF

We investigated a small-scale serological survey to screen tissue-parasitic helminthiases of North Koreans as one of research programs for re-unification of Korea. Soil-transmitted helminthiases were found highly prevalent among North Korean residents at the border with China. ELISA using 4 tissue-parasitic helminth antigens was applied to 137 residents living in Cheongjin-shi, Hamgyeongbuk-do, North Korea and 133 female refugees in South Korea in 2004-2005. Among a total of 270 samples, 31 (11.5%), 25 (9.3%), and 11 (4.1%) were positive for specific IgG antibodies to antigens of Clonorchis sinensis, Taenia solium metacestode, and sparganum, respectively. The overall positive rate was 21.5%; 38.2% in males and 15.8% in females. The present finding suggests that tissue parasites, such as C. sinensis, T. solium metacestode and sparganum are highly prevalent in some limited areas of North Korea. These foodborne tissue-parasitic helminthiases should be considered for future control measures of parasitic diseases in North Korea.

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Brief Communication

Status of intestinal helminthic infections of borderline residents in North Korea: Shunyu Li, Chenghua Shen, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Hiwon Yoon, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(3):265-268.
Published online September 20, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.3.265

Abstract
PDF

The present authors investigated intestinal parasitic infections among North Korean residents and refugees in China in 2003. The Kato-Katz method was applied to 236 residents and soldiers in a town on the North Korea-China border and to 46 people at a refugee camp in China. Only eggs of Ascaris and Trichuris were detected, with egg positive rates of 41.1% and 37.6%, respectively. The total egg positive rate was 55.0% and most of those who were egg positive were only lightly infected. Women of 61.2% and men of 53.1% were egg positive. The refugees from rural areas showed higher egg positive rates than those from urban areas. The present investigation confirmed high prevalence of soil-transmitted intestinal helminths in rural borderline areas of North Korea.

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