Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"amastigote"

Original Articles

Tamoxifen Induces Apoptosis of Leishmania major Promastigotes in Vitro: Masoud Doroodgar, Mahdi Delavari, Moein Doroodgar, Ali Abbasi, Ali Akbar Taherian, Abbas Doroodgar; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):9-14.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.9

Abstract
PDF

Tamoxifen is an antagonist of the estrogen receptor and currently used for the treatment of breast cancer. The current treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimony compounds is not satisfactory. Therefore, in this study, due to its antileishmanial activity, effects of tamoxifen on the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania major Iranian strain were evaluated in vitro. Promastigotes and amastigotes were treated with different concentrations (1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 μg/ml) and time periods (24, 48, and 72 hr) of tamoxifen. After tamoxifen treatment, MTT assay (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 biphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay) was used to determine the percentage of live parasites and Graph Pad Prism software to calculate IC₅₀. Flow cytometry was applied to investigate the induction of tamoxifen-induced apoptosis in promastigotes. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of tamoxifen on promastigotes was 2.6 μg/ml after 24 hr treatment. Flow cytometry analysis showed that tamoxifen induced early and late apoptosis in Leishmania promastigotes. While after 48 hr in control group the apoptosis was 2.0%, the 50 ?g/L concentration of tamoxifen increased it to 59.7%. Based on the in vitro antileishmanial effect, tamoxifen might be used for leishmaniasis treatment; however, further researches on in vivo effects of tamoxifen in animal models are needed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Compared Antileishmanial Activity of Clomiphene and Tamoxifen
Sergio Sifontes-Rodríguez, Alma Reyna Escalona-Montaño, Ricardo Mondragón Flores, Niurka Mollineda-Diogo, Lianet Monzote Fidalgo, Mónica Edith Mondragón-Castelán, Fedra Alardin-Gutiérrez, Lourdes Araceli López-Enzana, Daniel Andrés Sánchez-Almaraz, Ofelia
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Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics.2022; 40(17): 8040. CrossRef
Antileishmanial Activity of Tamoxifen by Targeting Sphingolipid Metabolism: A Review
Kaleab Alemayehu Zewdie, Haftom Gebregergs Hailu, Muluken Altaye Ayza, Bekalu Amare Tesfaye
Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications.2022; Volume 14: 11. CrossRef
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Study of Ethinyl Estradiol Activity Against Promastigotes, Axenic and Macrophage-Dwelling Amastigotes of Leishmania infantum by Using Atomic Force Microscopy and Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium Methods
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Tamoxifen Never Ceases to Amaze: New Findings on Non-Estrogen Receptor Molecular Targets and Mediated Effects
Tatiana Anatolievna Bogush, Boris Borisovich Polezhaev, Ivan Andreevich Mamichev, Elena Alexandrovna Bogush, Boris Evseevich Polotsky, Sergei Alexeevich Tjulandin, Andrey Borisovich Ryabov
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Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

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Antileishmanial and Cytotoxic Effects of Essential Oil and Methanolic Extract of Myrtus communis L.: Hossein Mahmoudvand, Fatemeh Ezzatkhah, Fariba Sharififar, Iraj Sharifi, Ebrahim Saedi Dezaki; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(1):21-27.
Published online February 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.1.21

Abstract
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Plants used for traditional medicine contain a wide range of substances that can be used to treat various diseases such as infectious diseases. The present study was designed to evaluate the antileishmanial effects of the essential oil and methanolic extract of Myrtus communis against Leishmania tropica on an in vitro model. Antileishmanial effects of essential oil and methanolic extract of M. communis on promastigote forms and their cytotoxic activities against J774 cells were evaluated using MTT assay for 72 hr. In addition, their leishmanicidal activity against amastigote forms was determined in a macrophage model, for 72 hr. Findings showed that the main components of essential oil were α-pinene (24.7%), 1,8-cineole (19.6%), and linalool (12.6%). Findings demonstrated that M. communis, particularly its essential oil, significantly (P<0.05) inhibited the growth rate of promastigote and amastigote forms of L. tropica based on a dose-dependent response. The IC50 values for essential oil and methanolic extract was 8.4 and 28.9 μg/ml against promastigotes, respectively. These values were 11.6 and 40.8 μg/ml against amastigote forms, respectively. Glucantime as control drug also revealed IC₅₀ values of 88.3 and 44.6 μg/ml for promastigotes and amastigotes of L. tropica, respectively. The in vitro assay demonstrated no significant cytotoxicity in J774 cells. However, essential oil indicated a more cytotoxic effect as compared with the methanolic extract of M. communis. The findings of the present study demonstrated that M. communis might be a natural source for production of a new leishmanicidal agent.

Citations

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Case Report

A Case of Post Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis in India: Kalpalata Tripathy, Aparijita Misra, Rabinarayn Mallik, Debiprasad Misra, Niranjan Rout, Jayshree Rath; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(3):245-246.
Published online September 15, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.3.245

Abstract
PDF

Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a rare disease. This is a solitary case report from Orissa, India. We describe a case of PKDL in a 55-year-old male who presented with multiple nodular lesions over face, trunk, and extremities. The patient had been to an endemic area of kala-azar and had a previous history of leishmaniasis. Fine needle aspiration cytology samples from skin nodules revealed Leishmania amastigotes.

Citations

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Fine‐needle sampling provides appreciable diagnostic yield in lesions of post kala azar dermal leishmaniasis: Analysis of four cases from North Eastern India
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