Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"antioxidant"

Original Article

Pyruvate Protects Giardia Trophozoites from Cysteine-Ascorbate Deprived Medium Induced Cytotoxicity: Dibyendu Raj, Punam Chowdhury, Rituparna Sarkar, Yumiko Saito-Nakano, Keinosuke Okamoto, Shanta Dutta, Tomoyoshi Nozaki, Sandipan Ganguly; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(1):1-9.
Published online February 28, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.1.1

Giardia lamblia, an anaerobic, amitochondriate protozoan parasite causes parasitic infection giardiasis in children and young adults. It produces pyruvate, a major metabolic product for its fermentative metabolism. The current study was undertaken to explore the effects of pyruvate as a physiological antioxidant during oxidative stress in Giardia by cysteine-ascorbate deprivation and further investigation upon the hypothesis that oxidative stress due to metabolism was the reason behind the cytotoxicity. We have estimated intracellular reactive oxygen species generation due to cysteine-ascorbate deprivation in Giardia. In the present study, we have examined the effects of extracellular addition of pyruvate, during oxidative stress generated from cysteine-ascorbate deprivation in culture media on DNA damage in Giardia. The intracellular pyruvate concentrations at several time points were measured in the trophozoites during stress. Trophozoites viability under cysteine-ascorbate deprived (CAD) medium in presence and absence of extracellular pyruvate has also been measured. The exogenous addition of a physiologically relevant concentration of pyruvate to trophozoites suspension was shown to attenuate the rate of ROS generation. We have demonstrated that Giardia protects itself from destructive consequences of ROS by maintaining the intracellular pyruvate concentration. Pyruvate recovers Giardia trophozoites from oxidative stress by decreasing the number of DNA breaks that might favor DNA repair.

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A myeloid leukemia factor homolog is involved in tolerance to stresses and stress-induced protein metabolism in Giardia lamblia
Jui-Hsuan Wu, Jen-Chi Lee, Chun-Che Ho, Pei-Wei Chiu, Chin-Hung Sun
Biology Direct.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Escherichia coli mediated resistance of Entamoeba histolytica to oxidative stress is triggered by oxaloacetate
Yana Shaulov, Chikako Shimokawa, Meirav Trebicz-Geffen, Shruti Nagaraja, Karen Methling, Michael Lalk, Lea Weiss-Cerem, Ayelet T. Lamm, Hajime Hisaeda, Serge Ankri, William A. Petri
PLOS Pathogens.2018; 14(10): e1007295. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Glutathione Reductase and Thioredoxin Reductase: Novel Antioxidant Enzymes from Plasmodium berghei: Gaurav Kapoor, Harjeet Singh Banyal; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(4):421-424.
Published online December 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.4.421

Abstract
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Malaria parasites adapt to the oxidative stress during their erythrocytic stages with the help of vital thioredoxin redox system and glutathione redox system. Glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase are important enzymes of these redox systems that help parasites to maintain an adequate intracellular redox environment. In the present study, activities of glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase were investigated in normal and Plasmodium berghei-infected mice red blood cells and their fractions. Activities of glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase in P. berghei-infected host erythrocytes were found to be higher than those in normal host cells. These enzymes were mainly confined to the cytosolic part of cell-free P. berghei. Full characterization and understanding of these enzymes may promise advances in chemotherapy of malaria.

Citations

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Increased Blood Concentrations of Malondialdehyde in Plasmodium Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Onchuma Mueangson, Aongart Mahittikorn, Nsoh Godwin Anabire, Wanida Mala, Manas Kotepui
Antioxidants.2023; 12(8): 1502. CrossRef
Genome-Wide CRISPR/Cas9 Screen Identifies New Genes Critical for Defense Against Oxidant Stress in Toxoplasma gondii
Yun Chen, Qi Liu, Jun-Xin Xue, Man-Yu Zhang, Xiao-Ling Geng, Quan Wang, Wei Jiang
Frontiers in Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Differential Effect of Antioxidants Glutathione and Vitamin C on the Hepatic Injuries Induced by Plasmodium berghei ANKA Infection
Nayara Kauffmann, Luana K. R. L. da Penha, Danielle V. Braga, Brenda J. A. Ataíde, Nivia S. F. Mendes, Laiane P. de Sousa, Givago S. da Souza, Adelaide C. F. Passos, Evander J. O. Batista, Anderson M. Herculano, Karen R. H. M. Oliveira, Praveen Bharti
BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity in Plasmodium vivax malaria patients evolving with cholestatic jaundice
Camila Fabbri, Rita de Cássia Mascarenhas-Netto, Pritesh Lalwani, Gisely C Melo, Belisa ML Magalhães, Márcia AA Alexandre, Marcus VG Lacerda, Emerson S Lima
Malaria Journal.2013;[Epub] CrossRef
Cysteine-3 and cysteine-4 are essential for the thioredoxin-like oxidoreductase and antioxidant activities of Plasmodium falciparum macrophage migration inhibitory factor
Athar Alam, Manish Goyal, Mohd. Shameel Iqbal, Samik Bindu, Sumanta Dey, Chinmay Pal, Pallab Maity, Nahren Manuel Mascarenhas, Nanda Ghoshal, Uday Bandyopadhyay
Free Radical Biology and Medicine.2011; 50(11): 1659. CrossRef

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110 Download
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Mini Review

Functional Genes and Proteins of Clonorchis sinensis: Tae Im Kim, Byoung-Kuk Na, Sung-Jong Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(Suppl):S59.
Published online October 27, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.S.S59

Abstract
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During the past several decades, researches on parasite genetics have progressed from biochemical and serodiagnostic studies to protein chemistry, molecular biology, and functional gene studies. Nowadays, bioinformatics, genomics, and proteomics approaches are being applied by Korean parasitology researchers. As for Clonorchis sinensis, investigations have been carried out to identify its functional genes using forward and reverse genetic approaches and to characterize the biochemical and biological properties of its gene products. The authors review the proteins of cloned genes, which include antigenic proteins, physiologic and metabolic enzymes, and the gene expression profile of Clonorchis sinensis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clonorchis sinensis ESPs enhance the activation of hepatic stellate cells by a cross-talk of TLR4 and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway
Bo Li, Chao Yan, Jing Wu, Koda Stephane, Xin Dong, Yu-Zhao Zhang, Yu Zhang, Qian Yu, Kui-Yang Zheng
Acta Tropica.2020; 205: 105307. CrossRef
Serodiagnostic antigens of Clonorchis sinensis identified and evaluated by high-throughput proteogenomics
Pyo Yun Cho, Ji-Yun Lee, Tae Im Kim, Jin-Ho Song, Sung-Jong Hong, Won Gi Yoo, Takafumi Tsuboi, Kwon-Soo Ha, Jae-Wan Jung, Satoru Takeo, Eun-Taek Han, Banchob Sripa, Sung-Tae Hong, Jong-Yil Chai, Ho-Woo Nam, Jhang Ho Pak, Tong-Soo Kim, Krystyna Cwiklinski
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(12): e0008998. CrossRef
Clonorchiasis
Men-Bao Qian, Jürg Utzinger, Jennifer Keiser, Xiao-Nong Zhou
The Lancet.2016; 387(10020): 800. CrossRef
Current status and perspectives of Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, omics, prevention and control
Ze-Li Tang, Yan Huang, Xin-Bing Yu
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Clonorchis sinensis, an oriental liver fluke, as a human biological agent of cholangiocarcinoma: a brief review
Tong-Soo Kim, Jhang Ho Pak, Jong-Bo Kim, Young Yil Bahk
BMB Reports.2016; 49(11): 590. CrossRef
Clonorchis sinensis acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase: identification and characterization of its potential role in surviving in the bile duct
Jinsi Lin, Hongling Qu, Guishan Chen, Lei He, Yanquan Xu, Zhizhi Xie, Mengyu Ren, Jiufeng Sun, Shan Li, Wenjun Chen, Xueqing Chen, Xiaoyun Wang, Xuerong Li, Chi Liang, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Parasites & Vectors.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Clonorchis sinensis ferritin heavy chain triggers free radicals and mediates inflammation signaling in human hepatic stellate cells
Qiang Mao, Zhizhi Xie, Xiaoyun Wang, Wenjun Chen, Mengyu Ren, Mei Shang, Huali Lei, Yanli Tian, Shan Li, Pei Liang, Tingjin Chen, Chi Liang, Jin Xu, Xuerong Li, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Parasitology Research.2015; 114(2): 659. CrossRef
Biochemical and immunological characterization of annexin B30 from Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory products
Lei He, Mengyu Ren, Xueqing Chen, Xiaoyun Wang, Shan Li, Jinsi Lin, Chi Liang, Pei Liang, Yue Hu, Huali Lei, Meng Bian, Yan Huang, Zhongdao Wu, Xuerong Li, Xinbing Yu
Parasitology Research.2014; 113(7): 2743. CrossRef
Identification, immunolocalization, and characterization analyses of an exopeptidase of papain superfamily, (cathepsin C) from Clonorchis sinensis
Pei Liang, Lei He, Yanquan Xu, Xueqing Chen, Yan Huang, Mengyu Ren, Chi Liang, Xuerong Li, Jin Xu, Gang Lu, Xinbing Yu
Parasitology Research.2014; 113(10): 3621. CrossRef
Proteomic identification of potential Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory products capable of binding and activating human hepatic stellate cells
Xiaoyun Wang, Fengyu Hu, Xuchu Hu, Wenjun Chen, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Parasitology Research.2014; 113(8): 3063. CrossRef
Characterization of the secreted cathepsin B cysteine proteases family of the carcinogenic liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis
Wenjun Chen, Xiaoyun Wang, Xiaoli Lv, Yanli Tian, Yanquan Xu, Qiang Mao, Mei Shang, Xuerong Li, Yan Huang, Xinbing Yu
Parasitology Research.2014; 113(9): 3409. CrossRef
ClonorESTdb: a comprehensive database for Clonorchis sinensis EST sequences
Dae-Won Kim, Won Gi Yoo, Sanghyun Lee, Myoung-Ro Lee, Yu-Jung Kim, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Won-Ja Lee, Jung-Won Ju
BMC Research Notes.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Adult Opisthorchis felineus major protein fractions deduced from transcripts: Comparison with liver flukes Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis
Mikhail Pomaznoy, Sergey Tatkov, Alexey Katokhin, Dmitry Afonnikov, Vladimir Babenko, Dagmara Furman, Ilya Brusentsov, Pavel Belavin, Alexandr Najakshin, Sergey Guselnikov, Gennady Vasiliev, Anton Sivkov, Egor Prokhortchouk, Konstantin Skryabin, Viatchesl
Experimental Parasitology.2013; 135(2): 297. CrossRef
Biochemical characterization and functional analysis of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from Clonorchis sinensis
Pei Liang, Jiufeng Sun, Yan Huang, Fan Zhang, Juanjuan Zhou, Yue Hu, Xiaoyun Wang, Chi Liang, Minghui Zheng, Yanquan Xu, Qiang Mao, Xuchu Hu, Xuerong Li, Jin Xu, Gang Lu, Xinbing Yu
Molecular Biology Reports.2013; 40(7): 4371. CrossRef
Genetic diversity of nuclear ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 rDNA sequence in Clonorchis sinensis Cobbold, 1875 (Trematoda: Opisthorchidae) from the Russian Far East
Yulia V. Tatonova, Galina N. Chelomina, Vladimir V. Besprosvannykh
Parasitology International.2012; 61(4): 664. CrossRef
Genomics and molecular genetics of Clonorchis sinensis: Current status and perspectives
Si-Yang Huang, Guang-Hui Zhao, Bao-Quan Fu, Min-Jun Xu, Chun-Ren Wang, Song-Ming Wu, Feng-Cai Zou, Xing-Quan Zhu
Parasitology International.2012; 61(1): 71. CrossRef
Molecular characterization of Clonorchis sinensis tetraspanin 2 extracellular loop 2
Tae Yun Kim, Eun Joo Chung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Sung-Hong Hong, Tai-Soon Yong
Parasitology Research.2012; 110(2): 707. CrossRef
Developmental Transcriptomic Features of the Carcinogenic Liver Fluke, Clonorchis sinensis
Won Gi Yoo, Dae-Won Kim, Jung-Won Ju, Pyo Yun Cho, Tae Im Kim, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Sang-Haeng Choi, Hong-Seog Park, Tong-Soo Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Banchob Sripa
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2011; 5(6): e1208. CrossRef
Fish-borne Parasitic Diseases
Jong-Yil Chai
Hanyang Medical Reviews.2010; 30(3): 223. CrossRef

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Original Article

Molecular cloning and characterization of peroxiredoxin from Toxoplasma gondii: Eui-Sun Son, Kyoung-Ju Song, Jong-Chul Shin, Ho-Woo Nam; Korean J Parasitol 2001;39(2):133-141.
Published online June 30, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2001.39.2.133

Abstract
PDF

A cDNA of 1.1 kb comprising the gene encoding the peroxiredoxin of Toxoplasma gondii (TgPrx) has been cloned. The open reading frame of 591 bp was translated into a protein of 196 amino acids with a molecular mass of 25 kDa. Conserved 2 cysteine domains of Phe-Val-Cys-Pro and Glu-Val-Cys-Pro indicated TgPrx belonged to 2-Cys Prx families. TgPrx showed the highest homology with that of Arabidopsis thaliana by 53.9% followed by Entamoeba histolytica with 39.5% by the amino acid sequence alignment. Polyclonal antibody against recombinant TgPrx detected 25 kDa band in T. gondii without binding to host cell proteins. TgPrx was located in the cytoplasm of T. gondii extracellularly or intracellularly by immunofluorescence assay. The expression of TgPrx was increased as early as 30 min after the treatment with artemisinin in the intracellular stage, while no changes in those of host Prx I and TgSOD. This result implies that TgPrx may function as an antioxidant protecting the cell from the attack of reactive oxygen intermediates. It is also suggested that TgPrx is a possible target of chemotherapy.

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International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(6): 3076. CrossRef
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