Human hydatid disease (cystic echinococcosis, CE) is a chronic parasitic infection caused by the larval stage of the cestode Echinococcus granulosus. As the disease mainly affects the liver, approximately 70% of all identified CE cases are detected in this organ. Optical molecular imaging (OMI), a noninvasive imaging technique, has never been used in vivo with the specific molecular markers of CE. Thus, we aimed to construct an in vivo fluorescent imaging mouse model of CE to locate and quantify the presence of the parasites within the liver noninvasively. Drug-treated protoscolices were monitored after marking by JC-1 dye in in vitro and in vivo studies. This work describes for the first time the successful construction of an in vivo model of E. granulosus in a small living experimental animal to achieve dynamic monitoring and observation of multiple time points of the infection course. Using this model, we quantified and analyzed labeled protoscolices based on the intensities of their red and green fluorescence. Interestingly, the ratio of red to green fluorescence intensity not only revealed the location of protoscolices but also determined the viability of the parasites in vivo and in vivo tests. The noninvasive imaging model proposed in this work will be further studied for long-term detection and observation and may potentially be widely utilized in susceptibility testing and therapeutic effect evaluation.
Imaging as a (pre)clinical tool in parasitology Clarize Maria de Korne, Lisette van Lieshout, Fijs Willem Bernhard van Leeuwen, Meta Roestenberg Trends in Parasitology.2023; 39(3): 212. CrossRef
Autoimmunity in human CE: Correlative with the fertility status of the CE cyst E. A. EL Saftawy, A. Abdelraouf, M. A. Elsalam, P. Zakareya, A. Fouad, E. A. Albadawi, A. H. S. Abobakr Ali, N. M. Amin Helminthologia.2022; 59(1): 1. CrossRef
Small animal in vivo imaging of parasitic infections: A systematic review Adam Novobilský, Johan Höglund Experimental Parasitology.2020; 214: 107905. CrossRef
Lethal effects of gold nanoparticles on protoscolices of hydatid cyst: in vitro study Sara Napooni, Mohsen Arbabi, Mahdi Delavari, Hossein Hooshyar, Sima Rasti Comparative Clinical Pathology.2019; 28(1): 143. CrossRef
Combination of TiO2 nanoparticles and Echinometra mathaeis gonad extracts: In vitro and in vivo scolicidal activity against hydatid cysts Azita Navvabi, Ahmad Homaei, Shahram Khademvatan, Mohammad Hassan Khadem Ansari, Mousa Keshavarz Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology.2019; 22: 101432. CrossRef
Macrophage Activation and Functions during Helminth Infection: Recent Advances from the Laboratory Mouse Marion Rolot, Benjamin G. Dewals Journal of Immunology Research.2018; 2018: 1. CrossRef
Improved experimental model of hepatic cystic hydatid disease resembling natural infection route with stable growing dynamics and immune reaction Rui-Qing Zhang, Xin-Hua Chen, Hao Wen World Journal of Gastroenterology.2017; 23(45): 7989. CrossRef
Human and animal alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are important helminth infections endemic in wide areas of the Northern hemisphere. Monitoring Echinococcus multilocularis viability and spread using real-time fluorescent imaging in vivo provides a fast method to evaluate the load of parasite. Here, we generated a kind of fluorescent protoscolices in vivo imaging model and utilized this model to assess the activity against E. multilocularis protoscolices of metformin (Met). Results indicated that JC-1 tagged E. multilocularis can be reliably and confidently used to monitor protoscolices in vitro and in vivo. The availability of this transient in vivo fluorescent imaging of E. multilocularis protoscolices constitutes an important step toward the long term bio-imaging research of the AE-infected mouse models. In addition, this will be of great interest for further research on infection strategies and development of drugs and vaccines against E. multilocularis and other cestodes.
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NIR-II fluorescence microscopic bioimaging for intrahepatic angiography and the early detection of Echinococcus multilocularis microlesions Nuernisha Alifu, Ting Yan, Jun Li, Lijun Zhu, Abudusalamu Aini, Siyiti Amuti, Juan Wu, Wenjing Qi, Gang Guo, Wenbao Zhang, Xueliang Zhang Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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In Vivo
Efficacy of Albendazole Chitosan Microspheres with Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy in the Treatment of Spinal Echinococcosis
Sibo Wang, Shan Wang, Weishan Wang, Yi Dai, Zhongpeng Qiu, Wei Ke, Minghao Geng, Jing Li, Ke Li, Qingyuan Ma, Feng Li Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Small animal in vivo imaging of parasitic infections: A systematic review Adam Novobilský, Johan Höglund Experimental Parasitology.2020; 214: 107905. CrossRef
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