Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"histopathology"

Brief Communication

Microscopic findings of host–parasite interaction between the Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegelii, and the monogenean ectoparasite, Microcotyle sebastis: Sang Phil Shin, Seokryel Kim; Parasites Hosts Dis 2024;62(4):490-496.
Published online November 22, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24043

Abstract
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This study was conducted to examine the pathogenesis of gill degeneration in the Korean rockfish Sebastes schlegelii, infested with the monogenean ectoparasite, Microcotyle sebastis. We collected 30 Korean rockfish from a fish farm in Tongyeong-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, and examined them with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and histopathology, in March 2018. The monogenean trematode, M. sebastis, was detected in 27 Korean rockfish (90%), with the intensity of infection being 31.7 per fish. The characteristic surface ultrastructures such as tegument with transverse striations, genital atrium, genital pore, and opisthaptor with numerous clamps were observed. The worms were firmly attached to the gill lamellae using clamps from the opisthaptor, causing gill damage and degeneration. The distal part of the lamellae was ruptured by the sclerites of the clamps. The histopathological examination revealed epithelial hypertrophy, hyperplasia, and occasionally fusion of the lamellae. These ultrastructural and histopathological findings provide some understanding of the pathogenesis of gill degeneration in the Korean rockfish infested with M. sebastis.

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Case Report

An Outbreak of Histomoniasis in Backyard Sanhuang Chickens: Dandan Liu, Lingming Kong, Jianping Tao, Jinjun Xu; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(6):597-602.
Published online December 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.6.597

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Histomonas meleagridis is a facultative anaerobic parasite, which can cause a common poultry disease known as histomoniasis. The species and age of the birds impacts on the susceptibility, with turkey being the most susceptible species. Chickens are less susceptible to H. meleagridis than turkeys and usually serve as reservoir hosts. Here, the diagnosis of an outbreak of histomoniasis in backyard Sanhuang chickens is described. The primary diagnosis was made based on clinical symptoms, general changes at necropsy, histopathology, and the isolation and cultivation of parasites. The pathogen was further confirmed by cloning, PCR identification, and animal inoculation tests. A strain of H. meleagri- dis, named HM-JSYZ-C, with a higher pathogenicity level in chickens was obtained. The study lays a foundation for further investigations into H. meleagridis and histomoniasis in chickens.

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MicroRNA expression profile of chicken liver at different times after Histomonas meleagridis infection
Qiaoguang Chen, Yuming Zhang, Jie Rong, Chen Chen, Shuang Wang, Jiege Wang, Zaifan Li, Zhaofeng Hou, Dandan Liu, Jianping Tao, Jinjun Xu
Veterinary Parasitology.2024; 329: 110200. CrossRef
Molecular Detection and Characterization of Histomonas Meleagridis in Fighting Cocks, Thailand
Mangsatabam Norjit Singh, Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Wanarit Jitsamai, Chongtham Sonia, Cherdpong Phupolpan, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat
SSRN Electronic Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
MicroRNA expression profile of chicken cecum in different stages during Histomonas meleagridis infection
Yu-Ming Zhang, Qiao-Guang Chen, Chen Chen, Shuang Wang, Zai-Fan Li, Zhao-Feng Hou, Dan-Dan Liu, Jian-Ping Tao, Jin-jun Xu
BMC Veterinary Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Pathologic Characterization of Coinfection with Histomonas meleagridis, Marek's Disease Virus, and Subtype J Avian Leukosis Virus in Chickens
Ming Li, Haifeng Xiong, Hanwen Wu, Dongmei Hu, Yan Lin, Xueting Huang, Jun Wang, Kezong Qi, Hongmei Liu
Avian Diseases.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Erratum: An Outbreak of Histomoniasis in Backyard Sanhuang Chickens

The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(1): 75. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Morphological Studies of Developmental Stages of Oculotrema hippopotami (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) Infecting the Eye of Hippopotamus amphibius (Mammalia: Hippopotamidae) Using SEM and EDXA with Notes on Histopathology: Nataliya Yu. Rubtsova, Richard A. Heckmann, Willem J. Smit, Wilmien J. Luus-Powell, Ali Halajian, Francois Roux; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(5):463-475.
Published online October 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.5.463

Abstract
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The present study was performed to observe histopathological effects of Oculotrema hippopotami Stunkard, 1924 infection in the eye of Hippopotamus amphibius, as well as to reveal new details of morphology and structural features of this monogenean and its comparison between 2 age stages of the parasite. This was done using both light and scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA) and histopathology. The presence of a mixture of different generations (adult and sub-adult) in one host individual is common for Oculotrema Stunkard, 1924 in contrast to Polystoma Zeder, 1800. New metrical and graphical information obtained for adults and sub-adults compared with the previous studies. Here we show the presence of genital papillae in adults, metrical data on the distal part of the vas deferens. SEM micrographs of sperm ejaculatory structures and information about the flattened dorsal side of the body provided for the first time. Histopathological changes, such as necrosis and hemorrhage in host tissues as a result of O. hippopotami attachment structures are described. Structural analysis of different body parts of O. hippopotami of both age groups are also included. We show qualitative differences in the presence of hardening ions (S, P, Ca) in attachment structures (oral and haptor suckers) that increase with the age of the worm. The presence of sub-adults and adults on the same host, together with high levels of infection without high pathogenicity may account for Oculotrema being one of the most successful parasites among the Monogenea.

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Redescription and molecular analysis of Corynosoma pseudohamanni Zdzitowiecki, 1984 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) juveniles from Notothenia coriiceps Richardson in the water area of Argentine Islands, West Antarctica
Omar M. Amin, Anshu Chaudhary, Makoto Enoki Caracciolo, Nataliya Yu. Rubtsova, Camila Wendt, Olga Lisitsyna, Tetiana A. Kuzmina, Wanderley de Souza, Hridaya S. Singh
Systematic Parasitology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Description of Pseudobenedeniella johnstoni sp. n. (Monogenea: Capsalidae) from the gills of Antarctic black rockcod, Notothenia coriiceps Richardson in coastal waters of West Antarctica
N. Y. Rubtsova, A. Chaudhary, S. Glotov, T. A. Kuzmina
Helminthologia.2024; 61(4): 327. CrossRef
Revision of Corynosoma australe Johnston, 1937 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from a North American population using novel SEM images, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, and molecular analysis
O. M. Amin, A. Chaudhary, H. S. Singh, T. Kuzmina
Helminthologia.2023; 60(1): 1. CrossRef
Redescription of Illiosentis cetratus Van Cleave, 1945 (Acanthocephala: Illiosentidae) from Menticirrhus undulatus (Girard) in California, with notes on Illiosentis furcatus from Peru
Omar M. Amin, Anshu Chaudhary, Hridaya S. Singh
Folia Parasitologica.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Redescription and Molecular Characterization of Pachysentis canicola Meyer, 1931 (Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) from the Maned Wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) in Texas
Omar M. Amin, Anshu Chaudhary, Richard A. Heckmann, Julie Swenson, Hridaya S. Singh
Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(1): 275. CrossRef
The morphological and molecular description of Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) poonchensis sp. n. from Schizothorax richardsonii (Gray) in Poonch, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Omar Mohamed Amin, Mumtaz Ahmed, Anshu Chaudhary, Richard Anderson Heckmann, Hridaya Shanker Singh
Folia Parasitologica.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A comparative assessment of the morphology ofProfilicollis altmani(Acanthocephala, Polymorphidae) from crustaceans and shore birds in Peru, with special notes on hook elemental analysis (EDXA), SEM imaging, histopathology, and molecular profile
Omar M. Amin, Sara M. Rodríguez, Nataliya Rubtsova, Richard A. Heckmann, César Peña, Teresa Castro, Felipe Rivera, Guillermo D’Elía
Parasite.2022; 29: 9. CrossRef
Morphological and Molecular Description of Immature Southwellina hispida (Van Cleave, 1925) Witenberg, 1932 (Acanthocephala: Polymorphidae) from the Body Cavity of the Paratenic Host Gillichthys mirabilis Cooper (Gobiidae) in California, with Analyses of
Omar M. Amin, Anshu Chaudhary, Hirdaya S. Singh
Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(3): 1107. CrossRef
New perspectives of Microsentis wardae Martin & Multani, 1966 (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from Gillichthys mirabilis Cooper in California, with scanning electron microscopy images and energy dispersive X-ray analysis
O. M. Amin, A. Chaudhary, H. S. Singh
Journal of Helminthology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
A Review of the Parasite Fauna of the Black-Bellied Pangolin, Phataginus tetradactyla Lin. (Manidae), from Central Africa with the Description of Intraproboscis sanghae n. gen., n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Gigantorhynchidae)
Omar M. Amin, Richard A. Heckmann, Birgit Sist, Walter U. Basso
Journal of Parasitology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
New perspectives on Aspersentis Megarhynchus (Acanthocephala: Heteracanthocephalidae) from Notothenia Coriiceps Richardson (Nototheniidae) in the West Antarctic, with emended generic diagnosis
O.M. Amin, R.A. Heckmann, S. Dallarés, M. Constenla, N.Yu. Rubtsova, T. Kuzmina
Journal of Helminthology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
New morphological and molecular perspectives aboutMacracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus(Acanthocephala: Oligacanthorhynchidae) from wild boar,Sus scrofaLinn., in Ukraine
Omar M. Amin, Richard A. Heckmann, Sara Dallarés, María Constenla, Tetiana Kuzmina
Journal of Helminthology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Morphological Features and Structural Analysis of Plerocercoids of Spirometra erinaceieuropaei (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) from European Pine Marten, Martes martes (Mammalia: Mustelidae) in Ukraine
Nataliya Yu. Rubtsova, Richard A. Heckmann
Comparative Parasitology.2020; 87(1): 109. CrossRef
On theNeoechinorhynchus agilis(Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) complex, with a description ofNeoechinorhynchus ponticusn. sp. fromChelon auratusin the Black Sea
Omar M. Amin, Meysam Sharifdini, Richard A. Heckmann, Nataliya Rubtsova, Halima Jmii Chine
Parasite.2020; 27: 48. CrossRef
Description and molecular analysis of an Italian population of Centrorhynchus globo caudatus (Zeder, 1800) Lühe, 1911 (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from Falco tinnunculus (Falconidae) and Buteo buteo (Accipitridae)
O.M. Amin, R.A. Heckmann, S. Dallarés, M. Constenla, S. Rubini
Journal of Helminthology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Animal Models for Echinostoma malayanum Infection: Worm Recovery and Some Pathology: Jiraporn Songsri, Ratchadawan Aukkanimart, Thidarut Boonmars, Panaratana Ratanasuwan, Porntip Laummaunwai, Pranee Sriraj, Panupan Sripan; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):47-53.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.47

Abstract
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Echinostomes are intestinal trematodes that infect a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans, in their adult stage and also parasitize numerous invertebrate and cold-blooded vertebrate hosts in their larval stages. The purpose of this study was to compare Echinostoma malayanum parasite growth, including worm recovery, body size of adult worms, eggs per worm, eggs per gram of feces, and pathological changes in the small intestine of experimental animals. In this study, 6-8-week-old male hamsters, rats, mice, and gerbils were infected with echinostome metacercariae and then sacrificed at day 60 post-infection. The small intestine and feces of each infected animal were collected and then processed for analysis. The results showed that worm recovery, eggs per worm, and eggs per gram of feces from all infected hamsters were higher compared with infected rats and mice. However, in infected gerbils, no parasites were observed in the small intestine, and there were no parasite eggs in the feces. The volume of eggs per gram of feces and eggs per worm were related to parasite size. The results of histopathological changes in the small intestine of infected groups showed abnormal villi and goblet cells, as evidenced by short villi and an increase in the number and size of goblet cells compared with the normal control group.

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Research Note: Genetic analysis, pathology, and vectors of echinostomiasis, a zoonotic helminth infection in chickens in Bangladesh
Sharmin Shahid Labony, Sudip Paul, Md. Abdul Alim, Md. Shahadat Hossain, Takahiro Inoue, Sumaiya Naznin Ritu, Mohammad Zahangir Alam, Mahmudul Alam, Hayato Kawada, Muhammad Mehedi Hasan, Takeshi Hatta, Naotoshi Tsuji, Anisuzzaman
Poultry Science.2022; 101(3): 101682. CrossRef
A relatively high zoonotic trematode prevalence in Orientogalba ollula and the developmental characteristics of isolated trematodes by experimental infection in the animal model
Jian Li, Yijing Ren, Lei Yang, Jiani Guo, Haiying Chen, Jiani Liu, Haoqiang Tian, Qingan Zhou, Weiyi Huang, Wei Hu, Xinyu Feng
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Immune pathogenesis in pigeons during experimental Prohemistomum vivax infection
Asmaa M. I. Abuzeid, Mahmoud M. Hefni, Yue Huang, Long He, Tingting Zhuang, Guoqing Li
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular and phylogenetic analysis and risk assessment of a trematode parasite, Artyfechinostomum sufrartyfex Lane, 1915 with a new host record from India
Dimple Mandla, Neena Singla, Sukhmanpreet Kaur Brar, Lachhman Das Singla
Biologia.2022; 78(1): 119. CrossRef
Artyfechinostomum malayanum: Metacercariae Encysted in Pila sp. Snails Purchased from Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Woon-Mok Sohn, Tai-Soon Yong, Keeseon S. Eom, Muth Sinuon, Hoo-Gn Jeoung, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(3): 341. CrossRef

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Case Reports

Perianal Tick-Bite Lesion Caused by a Fully Engorged Female Amblyomma testudinarium: Jin Kim, Haeng An Kang, Sung Sun Kim, Hyun Soo Joo, Won Seog Chong; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):685-690.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.685

Abstract
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A perianal tick and the surrounding skin were surgically excised from a 73-year-old man residing in a southwestern costal area of the Korean Peninsula. Microscopically a deep penetrating lesion was formed beneath the attachment site. Dense and mixed inflammatory cell infiltrations occurred in the dermis and subcutaneous tissues around the feeding lesion. Amorphous eosinophilic cement was abundant in the center of the lesion. The tick had Y-shaped anal groove, long mouthparts, ornate scutum, comma-shaped spiracular plate, distinct eyes, and fastoons. It was morphologically identified as a fully engorged female Amblyomma testudinarium. This is the third human case of Amblyomma tick infection in Korea.

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A checklist of the ticks of Malaysia (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae), with lists of known associated hosts, geographical distribution, type localities, human infestations and pathogens
ABDUL-RAHMAN KAZIM, JAMAL HOUSSAINI, DENNIS TAPPE, CHONG CHIN HEO
Zootaxa.2022; 5190(4): 485. CrossRef
Geographic distribution and modeling of ticks in the Republic of Korea and the application of tick models towards understanding the distribution of associated pathogenic agents
Heidi K. St. John, Penny Masuoka, Ju Jiang, Ratree Takhampunya, Terry A. Klein, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Jin-Won Song, Yu-Jin Kim, Christina M. Farris, Allen L. Richards
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2021; 12(4): 101686. CrossRef
Francisella-Like Endosymbiont Detected in Haemaphysalis Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) From the Republic of Korea
Ratree Takhampunya, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Achareeya Korkusol, Bousaraporn Tippayachai, Silas A Davidson, Jeannine M Petersen, Terry A Klein
Journal of Medical Entomology.2017; 54(6): 1735. CrossRef
Detection of SFTS Virus inIxodes nipponensisandAmblyomma testudinarium(Ixodida: Ixodidae) Collected From Reptiles in the Republic of Korea
Jae-Hwa Suh, Heung-Chul Kim, Seok-Min Yun, Jae-Won Lim, Jin-Han Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Dae-Ho Kim, Hyun-Tae Kim, Hyun Kim, Terry A. Klein, Jaree L. Johnson, Won-Ja Lee
Journal of Medical Entomology.2016; 53(3): 584. CrossRef
Tick Bite by NymphalAmblyomma testudinarium
Yeong Ho Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Young Min Park, Jun Young Lee
Annals of Dermatology.2016; 28(6): 762. CrossRef
Modulation of host immunity by tick saliva
Jan Kotál, Helena Langhansová, Jaroslava Lieskovská, John F. Andersen, Ivo M.B. Francischetti, Triantafyllos Chavakis, Jan Kopecký, Joao H.F. Pedra, Michail Kotsyfakis, Jindřich Chmelař
Journal of Proteomics.2015; 128: 58. CrossRef

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Congenital Neosporosis in Goats from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil: Mary S. Varaschin, Christian Hirsch, Flademir Wouters, Karen Y. Nakagaki, Ant?nio M. Guimar?es, Domingos S. Santos, Pedro S. Bezerra, Rafael C. Costa, Ana P. Peconick, Ingeborg M. Langohr; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):63-67.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.63

Abstract
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Congenital Neospora caninum infection was diagnosed in two Saanen goat kids from two distinct herds with a history of abortion and weak newborn goat kids in the Southern region of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The first kid was weak at birth, had difficulty to rise and was unable to nurse. Gross lesions of porencephaly and hydrocephalus ex vacuo were seen. Multifocal necrosis, gliosis and non-supurative encephalitis were observed in the brain. Several parasitic cysts with a thick wall that reacted strongly only with polyclonal antiserum to Neospora caninum were seen in the cerebral cortex, brain stem and cerebellum. The second kid was born from a Neospora caninum seropositive mother that aborted in the last pregnancy. It was born without clinical signs. The diagnosis of neosporosis was based on antibody titer of 1:800 to N. caninum by indirect fluorescence antibody test obtained from blood collected before the goat kid ingested the colostrum and Neospora caninum DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced from placenta. This is the first report of neosporosis in goats in the southeast region of Brazil.

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Anti-Neospora caninum and anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in cattle intended for human consumption in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil: prevalence and associated factors
Samira Pereira Batista, Jordania Oliveira Silva, Carolina Magri Ferraz, João Pedro Barbosa de Assis, Gabriel Augusto Marques Rossi, Luiza Guilherme Daleprani, Fernando Luiz Tobias, Thais Ferreira Feitosa, Fábio Ribeiro Braga, Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela
Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in Goats in Polatlı Region of Ankara
Gizem Çubukçu, Sami Gökpınar
Van Veterinary Journal.2025; 36(2): 91. CrossRef
First serological evidence and risk factor analysis of Neospora caninum and Besnoitia besnoiti infections in cattle and sheep from three regions of Saudi Arabia
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Seroprevalence of Specific Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, and Brucella spp. in Sheep and Goats in Egypt
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Transplacental transmission of Neospora caninum to lambs in successive pregnancies of naturally infected sheep in Southern Brazil
Kamila Alcalá Gonçalves Pereira, Renato Silva de Sousa, Mary Suzan Varaschin, Ana Paula Brenner Busch Becker, Alda Lúcia Gomes Monteiro, Marília de Oliveira Koch, Rafael Carneiro Costa, Luciane Maria Laskoski, Claudia Martins Galindo, Thierry Grima de Cri
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Ivam Moreira de Oliveira Junior, Lucas Emanuel dos Santos Mesquita, Débora Nunes Procópio Miranda, Thaís Aurora Gomes, Beatriz Ketelin Sousa Vasconcelos, Letícia Cristine Penha, Luísa Carolina Silva Silveira, Anthony René Ramos Redondo, Rafael Carneiro Co
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Validation and field evaluation of a competitive inhibition ELISA based on the recombinant protein tSAG1 to detect anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in sheep and goats
María Belén Novoa, Nerina Patricia Aguirre, Nadia Ormaechea, Sebastián Palmero, Lisandro Rouzic, Beatriz Susana Valentini, Macarena Sarli, Viviana Mercedes Orcellet, Rafael Marengo, Victor René Vanzini, María Evangelina Primo
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Pomy C.P. Kim, Renata P.B. Melo, Jonatas C. Almeida, José G. Silva, Muller Ribeiro-Andrade, Wagnner J.N. Porto, José W. Pinheiro Junior, Rinaldo A. Mota
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Marcos Enrique Serrano-Martínez, Cesar Abel Burga Cisterna, Roberto Carlos Evaristo Romero, Marco Antonio Quispe Huacho, Alessandra Matienzo Bermabé, Luis Antonio Llanco Albornoz
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Rafael Carneiro Costa, Leonardo Pereira Mesquita, Ivam Moreira de Oliveira, Dennis Albert Zannato, Lucas Emanuel dos Santos Mesquita, Daniel Arrais Biihrer, Cristina de Oliveira Massoco Salles Gomes, Mary Suzan Varaschin, Paulo César Maiorka
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Isolation of Neospora caninum from kidney and brain of a bovine foetus and molecular characterization in Brazil
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Lucía María Campero, María Laura Gos, Dadin Prando Moore, Javier Regidor-Cerrillo, Juan Manuel Unzaga, Gastón Moré, Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora, María Cecilia Venturini
Veterinary Parasitology.2018; 255: 58. CrossRef
Placental lesions associated with abortion and stillbirth in goats naturally infected by Neospora caninum
Leonardo P. Mesquita, Rafael C. Costa, Clayton I. Nogueira, Camila C. Abreu, Débora R. Orlando, Ivan Ascari Junior, Ana Paula Peconick, Mary S. Varaschin
Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira.2018; 38(3): 444. CrossRef
Caprine Monocytes Release Extracellular Traps against Neospora caninum In Vitro
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Review on the immunological and molecular diagnosis of neosporosis (years 2011–2016)
Francine Alves Sinnott, Leonardo Garcia Monte, Thaís Farias Collares, Roberta Maraninchi Silveira, Sibele Borsuk
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All about neosporosis in Brazil
Camila Koutsodontis Cerqueira-Cézar, Rafael Calero-Bernal, Jitender Prakash Dubey, Solange Maria Gennari
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Relation between Neospora caninum and abortion in dairy cows: Risk factors and pathogenesis of disease
Vanderlei Klauck, Gustavo Machado, Rafael Pazinato, Willian M. Radavelli, Daiane S. Santos, Jean Carlo Berwaguer, Patricia Braunig, Fernanda F. Vogel, Aleksandro S. Da Silva
Microbial Pathogenesis.2016; 92: 46. CrossRef
Experimental caprine neosporosis: the influence of gestational stage on the outcome of infection
Wagnner José Nascimento Porto, Javier Regidor-Cerrillo, Pomy de Cássia Peixoto Kim, Julio Benavides, Ana Clécia dos Santos Silva, Pilar Horcajo, Andrea Alice da Fonseca Oliveira, Ignacio Ferre, Rinaldo Aparecido Mota, Luis Miguel Ortega-Mora
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Lesions and distribution of Neospora caninum in tissues of naturally infected female goats
Karen Y.R. Nakagaki, Camila C. Abreu, Rafael C. Costa, Débora R. Orlando, Lízia R. Freire, Fábio R.P. Bruhn, Ana P. Peconick, Flademir Wouters, Angelica T.B. Wouters, Djeison L. Raymundo, Mary S. Varaschin
Small Ruminant Research.2016; 140: 57. CrossRef
Histological and immunohistochemical characterization of the inflammatory and glial cells in the central nervous system of goat fetuses and adult male goats naturally infected with Neospora caninum
Rafael Carneiro Costa, Débora Ribeiro Orlando, Camila Costa Abreu, Karen Yumi Ribeiro Nakagaki, Leonardo Pereira Mesquita, Lismara Castro Nascimento, Aline Costa Silva, Paulo César Maiorka, Ana Paula Peconick, Djeison Lutier Raymundo, Mary Suzan Varaschin
BMC Veterinary Research.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Antibody kinetics in goats and conceptuses naturally infected with Neospora caninum
Leonardo P. Mesquita, Clayton I. Nogueira, Rafael C. Costa, Débora R. Orlando, Fábio R.P. Bruhn, Priscila F.R. Lopes, Karen Y.R. Nakagaki, Ana P. Peconick, Josilene N. Seixas, Pedro S. Bezerra Júnior, Djeison L. Raymundo, Mary S. Varaschin
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Abortos por Neosporacaninum em bovinos do sul de Minas Gerais
Débora R. Orlando, Rafael C. Costa, Bruno A. Soares, Natália S.C. Oliveira, Lismara C. Nascimento, Ana P. Peconick, Djeison L. Raymundo, Mary S. Varaschin
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Epidemiology and Infection.2013; 141(11): 2286. CrossRef

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An Imported Case of Echinococcosis of the Liver in a Korean Who Traveled to Western and Central Europe: Sun-Ju Byun, Kyung Chul Moon, Kyung-Suk Suh, Joon Koo Han, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(2):161-165.
Published online June 17, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.2.161

Abstract
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Echinococcus granulosus, an intestinal tapeworm of dogs and other canids, infects humans in its larval stage and causes human echinococcosis or hydatid disease. In the Republic of Korea, 31 parasite-proven human echinococcosis cases have been reported, most of which were imported from the Middle East. We recently examined a 61-year-old Korean man who had a large cystic mass in his liver. ELISA was negative for tissue parasitic infections, including echinococcosis, cysticercosis, paragonimiasis, and sparganosis. The patient underwent surgery to remove the cyst, and the resected cyst was processed histopathologically for microscopic examinations. In sectioned cyst tissue, necrotizing protoscolices with disintegrated hooklets of E. granulosus were found. In some areas, only freed, fragmented hooklets were detected. The patient had traveled to western and central Europe in 1996, and had no other history of overseas travel. We report our patient as a hepatic echinococcosis case which was probably imported from Europe.

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Mini Review

A review of Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) and human infections in the Republic of Korea: Soon-Hyung Lee, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2001;39(2):85-118.
Published online June 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2001.39.2.85

Abstract
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Studies on Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) and human infections are briefly reviewed. This minute intestinal fluke was first discovered from a Korean woman suffering from acute pancreatitis and gastrointestinal troubles. It was described as a new species by Lee, Chai and Hong in 1993. The southwestern coastal village where the patient resided was found to be a highly endemic area, and additional endemic areas have been identified. The parasite is very small, 0.33-0.50 mm long and 0.23-0.33 mm wide, and characterized by the presence of a ventral pit. The first intermediate host remains unknown, but the second intermediate host has been found to be the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Man and the Palearctic oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus have been shown to be natural definitive hosts, and wading birds including the Kentish plover Charadrius alexandrinus are highly susceptible to experimental infection. Gerbils, hamsters, cats, and several strains of mice were also susceptible laboratory hosts. In experimentally infected mice, the parasites inhabit the small intestine, pinching and sucking the root of villi with their large oral suckers, but they did not invade beyond the mucosa in immunocompetent mice. However, they were found to invade the submucosa in immunosuppressed mice. Human G. seoi infections have been found in at least 25 localities; 23 islands on the Yellow Sea or the South Sea, and 2 western coastal villages. The highest prevalence was found in a village on Aphaedo, Shinan-gun (49% egg positive rate); other areas showed 0.8-25.3% prevalence. Infected people complained of variable degrees of gastrointestinal troubles and indigestion. The infection can be diagnosed by recovery of eggs in the feces; however, an expert is needed to identify the eggs. Praziquantel, 10 mg/kg in single dose, is effective for treatment of human infections. Eating raw oysters in endemic areas should be avoided.

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Original Article

Intestinal histopathology and in situ postures of Gymnophalloides seoi in experimentally infected mice: Jong-Yil Chai, Hong-Soon Lee, Sung-Jong Hong, Jae Hyung Yoo, Sang-Mee Guk, Min Seo, Min-Ho Choi, Soon-Hyung Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2001;39(1):31-41.
Published online March 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2001.39.1.31

Abstract
PDF

The intestinal histopathology and in situ postures of Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) were studied using C3H/HeN and C57BL/6 mice as experimental hosts; the effects of immunosuppression were also observed. The metacercariae isolated from naturally infected oysters, 300 or 1,000 in number, were infected orally to each mouse, and the mice were killed at days 3-21 post-infection (PI). In immunocompetent (IC) mice, only a small number of flukes were found in the mucosa of the duodenum and jejunum during days 3-7 PI, with their large oral suckers pinching and sucking the root of villi. The intestinal mucosa showed mild villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and inflammations in the villous stroma and crypt, with remarkable goblet cell hyperplasia. These mucosal changes were almost restored after days 14-21 PI. In immunosuppressed (IS) mice, displacement as well as complete loss of villi adjacent to the flukes was frequently encountered, otherwise the histopathology was generally mild, with minimal goblet cell hyperplasia. In these mice, numerous flukes were found, and it seemed that they were actively moving and rotating in situ. Several flukes were found to have invaded into the submucosa, almost facing the serosa. These results indicate that in IC mice the intestinal histopathology caused by G. seoi is generally mild, and the flukes do not penetrate beyond the mucosa, however, in IS mice, the flukes can cause severe destruction of neighboring villi, and some of them invade into the submucosa.

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Foodborne Intestinal Flukes in Southeast Asia
Jong-Yil Chai, Eun-Hee Shin, Soon-Hyung Lee, Han-Jong Rim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S69. CrossRef
A new endemic focus of Gymnophalloides seoi infection on Aphae Island, Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do
Jae-Hwan Park, Sang-Mee Guk, Eun-Hee Shin, Hyo-Jin Kim, Jae-Lip Kim, Min Seo, Yun-Kyu Park, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2007; 45(1): 39. CrossRef
A case of colonic lymphoid tissue invasion by Gymnophalloides seoi in a Korean man
Min Seo, Hokyung Chun, Geunghwan Ahn, Kee-Taek Jang, Sang-Mee Guk, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2006; 44(1): 87. CrossRef
Gymnophalloides seoi: a new human intestinal trematode
Jong-Yil Chai, Min-Ho Choi, Jae-Ran Yu, Soon-Hyung Lee
Trends in Parasitology.2003; 19(3): 109. CrossRef
Food-borne intestinal trematode infections in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Soon-Hyung Lee
Parasitology International.2002; 51(2): 129. CrossRef
A review of Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) and human infections in the Republic of Korea
Soon-Hyung Lee, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2001; 39(2): 85. CrossRef