Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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Brief Communication

Susceptibility of experimental animals to reinfection with Clonorchis sinensis: Woon-Mok Sohn, Hongman Zhang, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(2):163-166.
Published online June 20, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.2.163

Abstract
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The present study observed the resistance to reinfection with Clonorchis sinensis in various experimental animals including mice, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs, as well as rats and hamsters. The resistance rates to reinfection in rats, mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs were 79.7%, 58.0%, -12.6%, 54.8%, 62.6%, and 6.0%, respectively. Worms recovered from reinfected rats and mice were immature, and significantly smaller than those from the primarily infected (P < 0.01), whereas those from other animals were fully matured to adults. These findings indicate that the protective response against reinfection with C. sinensis is prominent in rats and mice, and that they may be a good animal model to investigate the mechanism of resistance to reinfection with C. sinensis.

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Original Articles

Bile duct changes in rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis: Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Shunyu Li, Byung-Suk Chung, Jae Hoon Lim, Soon-Hyung Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2004;42(1):7-17.
Published online March 20, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2004.42.1.7

Abstract
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This study describes an evaluation of the sonographic, cholangiographic, pathological, and immunological findings, and the protective effect shown by rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis. Eight experimental rat groups were, namely, a normal control, a primary infection control, a reinfection I (reinfection 7 week after treatment following 3-week infection), a reinfection II (reinfection 2 week after treatment following 8-week infection), a reinfection III (exploration of the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection 4 week after treatment following 4-week infection), a superinfection, a secondary infection control, and an infection following immunization group. Sonographic and cholangiographic findings showed moderate or marked dilatation of the bile duct confluence in the primary infection control, reinfection II, and secondary infection control groups. Juvenile worms survived in the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection following treatment in the reinfection III group. It was concluded that reinfecting juvenile worms found during the first week following reinfection failed to survive or grow further. Anatomical, pathophysiological, or immunological changes may induce protection from reinfection in rats.

Citations

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Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced T1 mapping to evaluate liver damage caused by Clonorchis sinensis
Yanhan Xiang, Ningqin Li, Zhongyang Zhou, Jing Fang, Jinyuan Liao
Radiology of Infectious Diseases.2021; 8(3): 108. CrossRef
Perturbations of Metabolomic Profiling of Spleen From Rats Infected With Clonorchis sinensis Determined by LC-MS/MS Method
Xiaoli Zhang, Xinyi Hu, Rui Chen, Beibei Sun, Yannan Gao, Shanshan Duan, Liyan Liu, Su Han
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of Stroma in Cholangiocarcinoma: The Intriguing Interplay between Fibroblastic Component, Immune Cell Subsets and Tumor Epithelium
Alessandra Gentilini, Mirella Pastore, Fabio Marra, Chiara Raggi
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2018; 19(10): 2885. CrossRef
In-vivo monitoring of development of cholangiocarcinoma induced with C. sinensis and N-nitrosodimethylamine in Syrian golen hamsters using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging: a preliminary study
Hyunsik Woo, Joon Koo Han, Jung Hoon Kim, Sung-Tae Hong, Md. Hafiz Uddin, Ja-June Jang
European Radiology.2017; 27(4): 1740. CrossRef
Oxidative stress-mediated mouse liver lesions caused by Clonorchis sinensis infection
Sejung Maeng, Hye Won Lee, Qudsia Bashir, Tae Im Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Tae Jin Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Tong-Soo Kim, Jhang Ho Pak
International Journal for Parasitology.2016; 46(3): 195. CrossRef
Cell Death and Proliferation after Treatment and Reinfection of Clonorchis sinensis in the Sprague-Dawley Rat Bile Duct
Byoung-Hoon Min, Ka-Young Ahn, Haeng-Sook Lee, Soo-Jin Kim, Kyoung-Hwan Joo
Applied Microscopy.2015; 45(2): 80. CrossRef
Recent Advances in Serodiagnosis for Clonorchiasis
Tae Im Kim, Sung-Jong Hong
Hanyang Medical Reviews.2010; 30(3): 232. CrossRef
Fas/FasL-dependent apoptosis of hepatocytes induced in rat and patients with Clonorchis sinensis infection
Xiaoli Zhang, Zhanfeng Jin, Rong Da, Yunxia Dong, Wuqi Song, Xiaobei Chen, Qi Huang, Hong Ling, Yang Che, Yihong Li, Fengmin Zhang
Parasitology Research.2008; 103(2): 393. CrossRef
Changing Patterns of Serum and Bile Antibodies in Re-infected Rats with Clonorchis sinensis
Hongman Zhang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2008; 46(1): 17. CrossRef
Factors in the resistance of rats to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis
Hongman Zhang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
Parasitology Research.2008; 102(6): 1111. CrossRef
Molecular cloning and phylogenetic analysis of Clonorchis sinensis elongation factor-1α
Tae Yun Kim, Pyo Yun Cho, Jong Won Na, Sung-Jong Hong
Parasitology Research.2007; 101(6): 1557. CrossRef
Clonorchis sinensis: molecular cloning and localization of myosin regulatory light chain
Yeong-Deok Kwon, Pyo Yun Cho, Sung-Jong Hong
Parasitology Research.2005; 97(1): 21. CrossRef

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Mucosal mast cell responses in the small intestine of rats infected with Echinostoma hortense: Insik Kim, Jae-Aee Im, Kyu-Je Lee, Yong-Suk Ryang; Korean J Parasitol 2000;38(3):139-143.
Published online September 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2000.38.3.139

Abstract
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Mucosal mast cell (MMC) responses and worm recovery rates in rats infected with Echinostoma hortense were investigated from day 3 to day 56 post-infection (p.i.). Experimental infected group showed apparently higher number of MMC in each part of the small intestine than that of the control group. The number of MMC in the duodenum increased gradually after the infection and reached a peak on day 35 p.i. Thereafter, the number of MMC continued to decrease at a slow pace. The kinetics of MMC responses in the upper and lower jejunum were similar to that of the duodenum, but the number of MMC in the jejunum was lower. The worm recovery rate decreased with respect to time of which it was markedly reduced on day 49 and 56 p.i. The duration in which a high number of MMC appeared was similar to that in which a low rate in worm recovery was recorded. These results indicate that intestinal mastocytosis may play an important role in the expulsion of E. hortense.

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Rafael Toledo, María Álvarez-Izquierdo, J. Guillermo Esteban, Carla Muñoz-Antoli
Parasitology.2022; 149(10): 1319. CrossRef
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Sang Hyub Lee, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jae-Hwan Park, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(3): 273. CrossRef
History of echinostomes (Trematoda)
Rafael Toledo, Valentin Radev, Ivan Kanev, Scott Gardner, Bernard Fried
Acta Parasitologica.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Mucosal Immune Responses of Mice Experimentally Infected with Pygidiopsis summa (Trematoda: Heterophyidae)
Jong-Yil Chai, Young-Jin Park, Jae-Hwan Park, Bong-Kwang Jung, Eun-Hee Shin
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S69. CrossRef
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Supap Saenphet, Chalobol Wongsawad, Kanokporn Saenphet, Amnat Rojanapaibul, Pramote Vanittanakom, Jong-Yil Chai
Experimental Parasitology.2008; 120(2): 175. CrossRef
Differential immune profiles following experimental Echinostoma hortense infection in BALB/c and C3H/HeN mice
Yoon Kyung Cho, Yong Suk Ryang, In Sik Kim, Seung Kyu Park, Jee Aee Im, Kyu Jae Lee
Parasitology Research.2007; 100(5): 1053. CrossRef
Somatostatin inhibits intestinal mucosal mast cell degranulation in normal conditions and during mast cell hyperplasia
Y Saavedra, P Vergara
Regulatory Peptides.2003; 111(1-3): 67. CrossRef
Food-borne intestinal trematode infections in the Republic of Korea
Jong-Yil Chai, Soon-Hyung Lee
Parasitology International.2002; 51(2): 129. CrossRef

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Is Pneumocystis carinii vertically transmitted to neonatal rats?: Sung-Tae Hong, Yun-Kyu Park, Jin Kim, Dug-Ha Kim, Chong-Ku Yun; Korean J Parasitol 1999;37(3):149-156.
Published online September 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1999.37.3.149

Abstract
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Pneumocystis carinii is a pulmonary pathogen of immunocompromised humans or other mammals. Its infection results from activation of organisms involved in latent infection or from new infection through the air. Almost all children are known to be infected within 2 to 4 years of birth, though prenatal transplacental transmission has not yet been demonstrated. In this study we observed experimental P. carinii infection in neonatal rats, thus investigating the possibility of transplacental vertical transmission by Diff-Quik staining of the lung impression smears and in-situ hybridization for lung sections. The positive rate of P. carinii infection in immunosuppressed maternal rats was 100%, but that in normal maternal rats was 0%. Cystic forms of P. carinii were observed in three of six 1-week old neonatal rats born of heavily infected mothers, but none of them was positive by in-situ hybridization. Five weeks after birth, cystic forms were detected in four neonatal rats. In the lobes of the lungs, no predilection site of P. carinii was recognized. Counts of cystic forms on smears and the reactivity of in-situ hybridization in the lungs of neonatal rats were significantly lower than in maternal rats. The present findings suggest that P. carinii is rarely transmitted through the placenta and proliferates less successfully in the lungs of neonatal rats than in mothers.

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Cristian Vera, Yudy A. Aguilar, Lázaro A. Vélez, Zulma Vanessa Rueda
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