The authorship should be restricted to those who should meet any of the following conditions: 1) substantial contribution to the conception and design of the study, or acquisition, interpretation and analysis of data; 2) drafting the article or revising it critically for the important intellectual content; and 3) final approval of the version to be published.

In studies of human subjects, the procedures should be in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of author’s institute and with the Helsinki Declaration in 1975 (revised in 2000). In the case of animal experiments, authors should keep the institutional or national guidelines for the care and use of laboratory animals.

For the policies on the research and publication ethics not stated in this instruction, “Good Publication Practice Guidelines for Medical Journals (http://kamje.or.kr/publishing_ethics.html)” or “Guidelines on Good Publication (http://www.publicationethics.org.uk/guidelines)” can be applied.