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1The First Affiliated Hospital/The First Clinical Medicine School of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510080, China 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhongshan Er Road, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou 510080, China 3Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea 4Department of Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
Received: July 19, 2024; Accepted: September 20, 2024.
Abstract
Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is a natural product commonly used in food preservation and pharmaceutical applications. Toxoplasmosis, caused by the protozoan pathogen Toxoplasma gondii, is prevalent globally while the impact of AITC on toxoplasmosis is unclear. We explored the effect of AITC on acute toxoplasmosis. We infected C57BL/6 mice with T. gondii type I RH strain following AITC administration. On the 4th day after infection, which corresponds to the initial stage of infection, we collected serum for the determination of inflammatory cytokine levels. The mice serum of the AITC-administered group contained significantly lower levels of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-23 subunit p19, IL-4, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. The lifespan of the mice in the AITC-administered group was significantly reduced. In vitro experiments showed that AITC promoted the proliferation of intracellular T. gondii accompanied by the inhibition of IL-4, IL-1β, and IL-6 production in RAW264.7 macrophages. Our results showed that AITC facilitated T. gondii infection in the early stage by inhibiting the production of several inflammatory cytokines.
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