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Changing patterns of Clonorchis sinensis infections in Kyongbuk, Korea
C Y Joo,*1M S Chung,1S J Kim,1 and C M Kang2
1Department of Parasitology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 194 Tongsan-dong, Taegu 700-712, Korea.
Received April 25, 1997; Accepted August 21, 1997.
Abstract
Studies were conducted from May, 1993 to April, 1995 to determine the changing patterns of infection by the liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis, among residents and fish hosts in Kyongbuk Province. The infection rate among residents was 7.7% by stool examination. The rate in males (11.3%) was significantly higher than females (4.1%). Positive rate of intradermal test was 27.6% in the same population. The special type of a simple catalytic model was applied for the analysis of intradermal positive reactors by age and sex, and the equation was y = 0.4776 (1 - e-0.0375t) for males and, y = 0.2085 (1 - e-0.0138t) for females. Analysis of stool examination data by two-stage catalytic model revealed y = 0.025 (e-0.00471-e-0.0235t). The annual Clonorchis infection rate was 4.7 per 1,000 susceptibles and the annual loss rate was 23.5 per 1,000 infected. The frequency distribution by the eggs per gram (EPG) was calculated as well as the cumulative percentages of positives. The regression equations were y = 0.929 + 1.506 log x for males and, y = 0.473 + 1.767 log x for females. Of the 25 fish species, 7 species were infected with Clonorchis metacercariae. Infection rates varied by the species, and ranged from 2.8% in Puntungia herzi to 30.0% in Pseudorasbora parva. Average number of the matacercariae per gram of flesh was 58.1 in P. parva, followed by 10.2 in Gnathopogon atromaculatus, 7.0 in Saurogobio dabryi, and 3.0 in Paracheilognathus rhombea. The present study indicates that clonorchiasis in Kyongbuk Province is less prevalent than that of several decades ago.
Figures
Fig. 1 Map showing the surveyed counties (1-20) and site of fish collection (A-M) in Kyongbuk, Korea.
Fig. 2 Simple catalytic curves and histograms showing fraction of Clonorchis intradermal positives in Kyongbuk by age.
Fig. 3 Two-stage catalytic curves and histograms showing fraction of Clonorchis egg positives in Kyongbuk in 1964 and 1994.
Fig. 4 Regression lines of the cumulative percentage of C. sinensis egg positive cases against EPG intensity in log-probit scale for residents of Kyongbuk.
Tables
Table 1 Prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis infections among residents of Kyongbuk by stool examination (1994)
Table 2 Infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis among residents of Kyongbuk by sex and age groups by stool examination (1994)
Table 3 Frequency distribution of intradermal positive reactors to Clonorchis sinensis antigen among residents of Kyongbuk by sex and age groups (1994)
Table 4 Intensity of Clonorchis sinensis infection by Stoll s egg-count technique among residents in Kyongbuk (1994)
Table 5 Numerical distribution of intensity of Clonorchis infection among residents by sex and age groups (1994)
Table 6 Infection rate and intensity of Clonorchis metacercariae in fresh-fish collected from Kyongbuk, Korea (1994)
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