Warning: mkdir(): Permission denied in /home/virtual/lib/view_data.php on line 81
Warning: fopen(upload/ip_log/ip_log_2024-11.txt): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in /home/virtual/lib/view_data.php on line 83
Warning: fwrite() expects parameter 1 to be resource, boolean given in /home/virtual/lib/view_data.php on line 84 Evaluation for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in diarrheal feces of calves
Evaluation for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in diarrheal feces of calves
S H Wee,*H D Joo and Y B Kang
National Veterinary Research Institute, RDA, Anyang 430-016, Korea.
Received March 08, 1996; Accepted May 11, 1996.
Abstract
For the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts, fecal samples were collected from 201 calves which showed diarrhea. Among the 201 samples, 29 samples (14.4%) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. by the DMSO- modified acid-fast stain (MAFS), 23 samples (11.4%) were positive by commercial kit (Meridian Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio) and 23 by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay employing the monoclonal antibody (mAb C6). When tested by both IFA and MAFS, 20 fecal samples were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts whereas 169 fecal samples were negative. If the MAFS is considered a standard method for oocyst detection, the IFA showed 69% of sensitivity and 98% of specificity. When tested by both IFA and commercial kit, 22 fecal samples were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts while 177 samples were negative. One sample tested by IFA was found to be false negative, when compared with the results by commercial kit. The sensitivity of IFA was calculated as high as 96%; the specificity as 99% and the predictive value was also 99%. In the present study, IFA employing the mAb C6 revealed that 23 samples (11.4%) were positive among the 201 calves showing diarrhea. Of 23 IFA positive samples, 4 samples (5%) showed cryptosporidial oocysts more than 105 OPG. Therefore, it is concluded that the calves showing cryptosporidial oocysts more than 105 OPG in the feces were highly associated with clinical cryptosporidiosis.
Tables
Table 1 Comparison of IFA and MAFS for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts
Table 2 Comparison of IFA and commercial kit for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts
Table 3 Results of IFA performed on fecal specimens collected from calves known to be positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts
References
1.
Anderson BC. Patterns of shedding of cryptosporidial oocysts in Idaho calves. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1981;178(9):982–984.
2.
Angus KW. In Practice 1987;9:47–49.
3.
Anusz KZ, Mason PH, Riggs MW, Perryman LE. Detection of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts in bovine feces by monoclonal antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 1990;28(12):2770–2774.
4.
Arrowood MJ, Sterling CR. Comparison of conventional staining methods and monoclonal antibody-based methods for Cryptosporidium oocyst detection. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27(7):1490–1495.
5.
Baron EJ, Schenone C, Tanenbaum B. Comparison of three methods for detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in a low-prevalence population. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27(1):223–224.
6.
Bronsdon MA. Rapid dimethyl sulfoxide-modified acid-fast stain of Cryptosporidium oocysts in stool specimens. J Clin Microbiol 1984;19(6):952–953.
7.
Cho MH, Kim AK, Im K. Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts from out-patients of the Severance Hospital, Korea. Korean J Parasitol 1993;31(3):193–199.
8.
Cross RF, Moorhead PD. A rapid staining technic for cryptosporidia. Mod Vet Pract 1984;65(4):307.
9.
Current WL. Cryptosporidiosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1985;187(12):1334–1338.
11.
Garcia LS, Bruckner DA, Brewer TC, Shimizu RY. Techniques for the recovery and identification of Cryptosporidium oocysts from stool specimens. J Clin Microbiol 1983;18(1):185–190.
12.
MacPherson DW, McQueen R. Cryptosporidiosis: multiattribute evaluation of six diagnostic methods. J Clin Microbiol 1993;31(2):198–202.
13.
Miller RA, Wasserheit JN, Kirihara J, Coyle MB. Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in sputum during screening for mycobacteria. J Clin Microbiol 1984;20(6):1192–1193.
14.
Moon HW, Woodmansee DB. Cryptosporidiosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1986;189(6):643–646.
15.
Pohjola S. Negative staining method with nigrosin for the detection of cryptosporidial oocysts: a comparative study. Res Vet Sci 1984;36(2):217–219.
16.
Rhee JK, Seu YS, Park BK. [Isolation and identification of Cryptosporidium from various animals in Korea. I. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium in various animals]. Korean J Parasitol 1991;29(2):139–148.
17.
Riggs MW, Perryman LE. Infectivity and neutralization of Cryptosporidium parvum sporozoites. Infect Immun 1987;55(9):2081–2087.
18.
Robert B, Ginter A, Antoine H, Collard A, Coppe P. Diagnosis of bovine cryptosporidiosis by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Vet Parasitol 1990;37(1):1–8.
19.
Rusnak J, Hadfield TL, Rhodes MM, Gaines JK. Detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in human fecal specimens by an indirect immunofluorescence assay with monoclonal antibodies. J Clin Microbiol 1989;27(5):1135–1136.
20.
Smith HV, McDiarmid A, Smith AL, Hinson AR, Gilmour RA. An analysis of staining methods for the detection of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in water-related samples. Parasitology 1989;99(Pt 3):323–327.
21.
Ungar BL. Enzyme-linked immunoassay for detection of Cryptosporidium antigens in fecal specimens. J Clin Microbiol 1990;28(11):2491–2495.
22.
Wee SH, Lee CG, Joo HD. Diagnosis of bovine cryptosporidiosis by indirect immunofluorescence assay using monoclonal antibody. Korean J Parasitol 1995;33(2):107–115.
23.
Zierdt WS. Concentration and identification of Cryptosporidium sp. by use of a parasite concentrator. J Clin Microbiol 1984;20(5):860–861.
PDF Links
Full text via DOI
Download Citation 
