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Prophylactic effects of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in Toxoplasma-infected mice
Y H Lee,*D Y Lee and DW Shin
Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-131, Korea.
Received October 02, 1993; Accepted October 26, 1993.
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the prophylactic effects of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) in mice experimentally infected with virulent RH strain and avirulent Beverley strain of T. gondii. The mice infected with 1 × 105 tachyzoites were used in the measurement of mean survival days, and the mice infected with 10 cysts were used in the titrations of specific antibodies and enumeration of brain cysts. Mean survival days of mice were significantly increased in mice treated with TMP-SMZ as compared with spiramycin-treated and untreated control group. Mean survival days and survival rates of mice were increased according to the increment of dosages, and TMP-SMZ protected 100% of mice after fifteen daily dose of 24 mg/mouse or more administered orally. Toxoplasma-specific serum IgG and IgM antibody titers were significantly lower in mice treated with TMP-SMZ than those of spiramycin-treated and untreated control group. Toxoplasma cysts were not found in mice treated with TMP-SMZ at a dose of 24 mg/mouse or more per day, but the group of spiramycin treatment and untreated controls were found in the brain from 20 days after infection. The present results revealed that TMP-SMZ can be used as a prophylactic agent against murine toxoplasmosis after intraperitoneally challenges with the virulent or avirulent strain of T. gondii.
Figures
Fig. 1 Survial rates of mice infected imtraperitoneally with 1 × 105 tachyzoites of T. gondii. There were 10 mice in each group. Symbol: ○, infected control; •, group 1; ▿, group 2; ▾, group 3; □, group 4; ▪, group 5.
Fig. 2 /serum IgG antibody titers of mice infected intraperitoneally with 10 cycts fo T. gondii. The results are expressed as mean of 5 mice.
Fig. 3 Serum IgG antibody titers of mice infected intraperitomeally with 10 cysts of T. gondii. The results are expressed as mean of 5 mice.
Figs. 4-5 Fig. 4.Toxoplasma cysts in the mouse brain parenchyma by PAP method. Bar equals 20 µm. Fig. 5.Toxoplasma cyst purified by density-gradient centrifugation on Percoll. Bar equals 20 µm.
Tables
Table 1 Mean survival days of mice infected intraperitoneally with 1 × 105 tachyzoites of T. gondii
Table 2 No. of cysts identified by peroxidase anti-peroxidase method in the brain of mice infected inrtaperitoneally with 10 cysts of T. gondii
Table 3 No. of cysts purified by density-gradient centrifugation on Percoll in mice infected intraperitoneally with 10 cysts of T. gondii
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