Platelet kinetics and other hematological profiles in experimental Plasmodium falciparum infection: a comparative study between Saimiri and Aotus monkeys

, Kakoma, I; , James, M A; , Whiteley, H E; , Montelegre, F; , Buese, M; , Fafjar-Whestone, C J; , Clabaugh, G W; , Baek, B K

doi:1992.30.3.177

Korean J Parasito > Volume 30(3):1992 > Article

Original Article


Korean J Parasitol. 1992 Sep;30(3):177-182. English. Published online Mar 20, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1992.30.3.177
Copyright © 1992 by The Korean Society for Parasitology


Platelet kinetics and other hematological profiles in experimental Plasmodium falciparum infection: a comparative study between Saimiri and Aotus monkeys
I Kakoma,¹M A James,²H E Whiteley,¹F Montelegre,³M Buese,¹C J Fafjar-Whestone,¹G W Clabaugh,¹ and B K Baek⁴
¹University of Illinois, College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana 61801, USA.


Abstract
Levels of platelets and other hematological values were monitored in 21 Saimiri and 12 Aotus monkeys over a period of three weeks post-infection with monkey-adapted Indochina CDC-1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. In both Saimiri sciureus boliviensis and Aotus nancymai karyotype-1 monkeys the severest thrombocytopenia was observed at 14 days post-infection coinciding with peak parasitemia, neutropenia, lymphocytosis, and anemia associated with severe hemoglobinemia and elevated fibrinogen degeneration products(FDP's). MCH and MCV profiles in Aotus monkeys decreased with ascending parasitemia. In contrast, these parameters in Saimiri were characterized by a significant compensatory increase correlating with parasitemia. In general, thrombocytopenia was one of the earliest clinical manifestations of the infection with the platelets returning to normal levels shortly after peak parasitemia at 14 days. Platelet kinetics had a strong correlation with hematologic and parasitologic values in the Aotus model. No consistent associations were observed between platelet kinetics and other parameters in the Saimiri model. These data indicate that the Aotus model for malaria is more predictable than the Saimiri. Further, platelet turnover rates and recovery provide a useful prognostic parameter during malaria infection. The results are discussed in relation to the value of the two species of monkeys as models for the pathogenesis of human malaria.

Figures


	Fig. 1 Relative kinetics of platelets in Aotus and Saimiri monkeys between Day 0 and 14 post-inoculation.


	Fig. 2 Hemoglobin levels in Aotus and Saimiri during the course of P. falciparum infection.


	Fig. 3 MCV trends in infected Saimiri and Aotus monkeys during the course of experimental infection.


	Fig. 4 Levels of lymphocyte counts in Saimiri and Aotus monkeys during the course of experimental malaria infection.


	Fig. 5 Red blood cell count profile of Saimiri and Aotus monkeys between Day 0 and day 14 post-inoculation.


	Fig. 6 Profiles of parasitemia in Aotus and Saimiri monkeys.

Tables


	Table 1 Descriptive statistics of hematologic values (Mean±S.D.) obtained in the two animal models, including standard deviation (±) from the mean


	Table 2 Correlation between platelet levels, FDP's, and other hematological parameters in the two experimental models. The 1-tail test was used.

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