Exposure to storage mite (SM) and house dust mite (HDM) allergens is a risk factor for sensitization and asthma development; however, the related immune responses and their pathology have not been fully investigated. The HDMs Dermatophagoides farinae and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and SM Tyrophagus putrescentiae are potent allergens that induce asthma. Most SM-related studies have focused on the allergic reactions of individuals by measuring their immunoglobulin (Ig)E expression. Considering the limited research on this topic, the present study aims to investigate the differences in the immune responses induced by HDMs and SMs and histologically analyze lung tissues in a mouse asthma model to understand the differential effects of HDM and SM. The results revealed that all mite species induced airway inflammation. Mice challenged with T. putrescentiae had the highest airway resistance and total cell, eosinophil, and neutrophil counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). The SM-sensitized groups showed more severe lesions and mucus hypersecretions than the HDM-sensitized groups. Although the degree of HDM and SM exposure was the same, the damage to the respiratory lung tissue was more severe in SM-exposed mice, which resulted in excessive mucin secretion and increased fibrosis. Furthermore, these findings suggest that SM sensitization induces a more significant hypersensitivity response in mucosal immunity than HDM sensitization in asthma models.
Diarrheal disease is the second leading cause of mortality and morbidity in children under 5 years old worldwide, and is the most common cause of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa. In Rwanda, diarrhea is the third leading cause of death in children under 5 years old. This study examined the association between sociodemographic factors and diarrhea in children under 5 years using the data of 7,474 households in the 2014-2015 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey. Overall prevalence of diarrhea in this study was 12.7% in children. An increased risk for diarrhea was found for children aged 12-23 months (odds ratio (OR)=4.514), those with a low economic status (OR=1.64), those from the Western province (OR=1.439), those with poorly-educated mothers (OR=5.163), and those with families engaged in agricultural activities (OR=1.624). In conclusion, sociodemographic factors significantly affect the risk of developing diarrhea in children under 5 years in Rwanda. Designing and implementing health education promoting awareness of early interventions and rotavirus vaccination are essential to reduce diarrheal diseases for the Rwandan community.
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Clonorchis sinensis is one of the most prevalent parasitic helminths in Korea. Although cholangiocarcinoma can be induced by C. sinensis infection, the underlying mechanism is not clearly understood. To assess the role of C. sinensis infection in carcinogenesis, an in vitro system was established using the human epithelial cell line HEK293T. In cells exposed to the excretory/secretory products (ESP) of C. sinensis and the carcinogen dimethylnitrosamine (DMN), cellular proliferation and the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase increased. Moreover, the expression of the cell cycle proteins E2F1, p-pRb, and cyclin B was dramatically increased when ESP and DMN were added together. Similarly, the transcription factor E2F1 showed its highest level of activity when ESP and DMN were added simultaneously. These findings indicate that DMN and ESP synergistically affect the regulation of cell cycle-related proteins. Our results suggest that exposure to C. sinensis and a small amount of a carcinogen such as DMN can promote carcinogenesis in the bile duct epithelium via uncontrolled cellular proliferation and the upregulation of cell cycle-related proteins.
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Involvement of PSMD10, CDK4, and Tumor Suppressors in Development of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma of Syrian Golden Hamsters Induced by Clonorchis sinensis and N-Nitrosodimethylamine Md. Hafiz Uddin, Min-Ho Choi, Woo Ho Kim, Ja-June Jang, Sung-Tae Hong, Xiao-Nong Zhou PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2015; 9(8): e0004008. CrossRef
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Proteomic analysis of different period excretory secretory products from Clonorchis sinensis adult worms: molecular characterization, immunolocalization, and serological reactivity of two excretory secretory antigens—methionine aminopeptidase 2 and acid p Minghui Zheng, Kunhua Hu, Wei Liu, Hongyu Li, Jingfang Chen, Xinbing Yu Parasitology Research.2013; 112(3): 1287. CrossRef
A single nucleotide polymorphism in EZH2 predicts overall survival rate in patients with cholangiocarcinoma ELISA PAOLICCHI, PAOLA PACETTI, ELISA GIOVANNETTI, ANDREA MAMBRINI, MASSIMO ORLANDI, FRANCESCO CREA, ANTONELLO A. ROMANI, ROBERTA TARTARINI, ROMANO DANESI, GODEFRIDUS J. PETERS, MAURIZIO CANTORE Oncology Letters.2013; 6(5): 1487. CrossRef
Cyst formation, increased anti-inflammatory cytokines and expression of chemokines support for Clonorchis sinensis infection in FVB mice Eun-Min Kim, Young Mee Bae, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong Parasitology International.2012; 61(1): 124. CrossRef
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Progress on the transcriptomics of carcinogenic liver flukes of humans—Unique biological and biotechnological prospects Neil D. Young, Aaron R. Jex, Cinzia Cantacessi, Bronwyn E. Campbell, Thewarach Laha, Woon-Mok Sohn, Banchob Sripa, Alex Loukas, Paul J. Brindley, Robin B. Gasser Biotechnology Advances.2010; 28(6): 859. CrossRef
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Gene expression profiling in mouse liver infected with Clonorchis sinensis metacercariae Dong Min Kim, Byung-Sam Ko, Jung-Won Ju, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Suk-Jin Yang, Young Il Yeom, Tong-Soo Kim, Yonggwan Won, Il-Chul Kim Parasitology Research.2009; 106(1): 269. CrossRef
Resistance of cholangiocarcinoma cells to parthenolide-induced apoptosis by the excretory–secretory products of Clonorchis sinensis Young Ju Kim, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Young Mee Bae Parasitology Research.2009; 104(5): 1011. CrossRef
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