Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Haemaphysalis"

Original Articles

Proteomic Screening of Antigenic Proteins from the Hard Tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae): Young-Ha Kim, Mohammad Saiful slam, Myung-Jo You; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(1):85-93.
Published online February 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.1.85

Abstract
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Proteomic tools allow large-scale, high-throughput analyses for the detection, identification, and functional investigation of proteome. For detection of antigens from Haemaphysalis longicornis, 1-dimensional electrophoresis (1-DE) quantitative immunoblotting technique combined with 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) immunoblotting was used for whole body proteins from unfed and partially fed female ticks. Reactivity bands and 2-DE immunoblotting were performed following 2-DE electrophoresis to identify protein spots. The proteome of the partially fed female had a larger number of lower molecular weight proteins than that of the unfed female tick. The total number of detected spots was 818 for unfed and 670 for partially fed female ticks. The 2-DE immunoblotting identified 10 antigenic spots from unfed females and 8 antigenic spots from partially fed females. Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) of relevant spots identified calreticulin, putative secreted WC salivary protein, and a conserved hypothetical protein from the National Center for Biotechnology Information and Swiss Prot protein sequence databases. These findings indicate that most of the whole body components of these ticks are non-immunogenic. The data reported here will provide guidance in the identification of antigenic proteins to prevent infestation and diseases transmitted by H. longicornis.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Min-Xuan Liu, Xiao-Pei Xu, Fan-Ming Meng, Bing Zhang, Wei-Gang Li, Yuan-Yuan Zhang, Qiao-Ying Zen, Wen-Ge Liu
Life.2025; 15(1): 59. CrossRef
Haemaphysalis longicornis calreticulin is not an effective molecular tool for tick bite diagnosis and disruption of tick infestations
Weiqing Zheng, Haijun Hu, Jiafu Jiang, Xiangrong Sun, Renlong Fu, Huiying Tao, Yangqing Liu, Haiying Chen, Hongmei Ma, Shengen Chen
Veterinary Parasitology.2022; 309: 109775. CrossRef
Trypanosoma cruzi Calreticulin: Immune Evasion, Infectivity, and Tumorigenesis
Galia Ramírez-Toloza, Eduardo Sosoniuk-Roche, Carolina Valck, Lorena Aguilar-Guzmán, Viviana P. Ferreira, Arturo Ferreira
Trends in Parasitology.2020; 36(4): 368. CrossRef
Catalogue of stage-specific transcripts in Ixodes ricinus and their potential functions during the tick life-cycle
Pavlina Vechtova, Zoltan Fussy, Radim Cegan, Jan Sterba, Jan Erhart, Vladimir Benes, Libor Grubhoffer
Parasites & Vectors.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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Applying proteomics to tick vaccine development: where are we?
Margarita Villar, Anabel Marina, José de la Fuente
Expert Review of Proteomics.2017; 14(3): 211. CrossRef
Screening and Identification of Antigenic Proteins from the Hard Tick <i>Dermacentor silvarum</i> (Acari: Ixodidae)
Tiantian Zhang, Xuejiao Cui, Jincheng Zhang, Hui Wang, Meng Wu, Hua Zeng, Yuanyuan Cao, Jingze Liu, Yonghong Hu
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 789. CrossRef

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Ticks Collected from Wild and Domestic Animals and Natural Habitats in the Republic of Korea: Baek-Jun Kim, Hyewon Kim, Sohyun Won, Heung-Chul Kim, Sung-Tae Chong, Terry A. Klein, Ki-Gyoung Kim, Hong-Yul Seo, Joon-Seok Chae; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(3):281-285.
Published online June 26, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.3.281

Abstract
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Ticks were collected from 35 animals from 5 provinces and 3 metropolitan cities during 2012. Ticks also were collected by tick drag from 4 sites in Gyeonggi-do (2) and Jeollabuk-do (2) Provinces. A total of 612 ticks belonging to 6 species and 3 genera were collected from mammals and a bird (n=573) and by tick drag (n=39). Haemaphyalis longicornis (n=434) was the most commonly collected tick, followed by H. flava (158), Ixodes nipponensis (11), Amblyomma testudinarium (7), H. japonica (1), and H. formosensis (1). H. longicornis and H. flava were collected from all animal hosts examined. For animal hosts (n>1), the highest Tick Index (TI) was observed for domestic dogs (29.6), followed by Siberian roe deer (17.4), water deer (14.4), and raccoon dogs (1.3). A total of 402 H. longicornis (adults 86, 21.4%; nymphs 160, 39.8%; larvae 156, 38.9%) were collected from wild and domestic animals. A total of 158 H. flava (n=158) were collected from wild and domestic animals and 1 ring-necked pheasant, with a higher proportion of adults (103, 65.2%), while nymphs and larvae only accounted for 12.7% (20) and 22.2% (35), respectively. Only 7 A. testudinarium were collected from the wild boar (6 adults) and Eurasian badger (1 nymph), while only 5 I. nipponensis were collected from the water deer (4 adults) and a raccoon dog (1 adult). One adult female H. formosensis was first collected from vegetation by tick drag from Mara Island, Seogwipo-si, Jeju-do Province.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Brief Communication

No Detection of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus from Ixodid Ticks Collected in Seoul: Heejin Ham, Sukju Jo, Jungim Jang, Sungmin Choi; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(2):221-224.
Published online April 18, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.2.221

Abstract
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Larvae, nymphs, and adult stages of 3 species of ixodid ticks were collected by tick drag methods in Seoul during June-October 2013, and their infection status with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus was examined using RT-PCR. During the period, 732 Haemaphysalis longicornis, 62 Haemaphysalis flava, and 2 Ixodes nipponensis specimens were collected. Among the specimens of H. longicornis, the number of female adults, male adults, nymphs, and larvae were 53, 11, 240, and 446, respectively. Ticks were grouped into 63 pools according to the collection site, species, and developmental stage, and assayed for SFTS virus. None of the pools of ticks were found to be positive for SFTS virus gene.

Citations

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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus from ticks: a molecular epidemiological study of a patient in the Republic of Korea
Seong Yoon Kim, Choong Won Seo, Hee Il Lee
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Modelling the transmission dynamics of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Jiangsu Province, China
Nan Zhang, Xiao-Qing Cheng, Bin Deng, Jia Rui, Luxia Qiu, Zeyu Zhao, Shengnan Lin, Xingchun Liu, Jingwen Xu, Yao Wang, Meng Yang, Yuanzhao Zhu, Jiefeng Huang, Chan Liu, Weikang Liu, Li Luo, Zhuoyang Li, Peihua Li, Tianlong Yang, Zhi-Feng Li, Shu-Yi Liang,
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Original Articles

Screening and Molecular Cloning of a Protective Antigen from the Midgut of Haemaphysalis longicornis: Yonghong Hu, Jincheng Zhang, Shujie Yang, Hui Wang, Hua Zeng, Tiantian Zhang, Jingze Liu; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):327-334.
Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.327

Abstract
PDF

Vaccination is considered a promising alternative for controlling tick infestations. Haemaphysalis longicornis midgut proteins separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membrane were screened for protective value against bites. The western blot demonstrated the immunogenicity of 92 kDa protein (P92). The analysis of the P92 amino acid sequence by LC-MS/MS indicated that it was a H. longicornis paramyosin (Hl-Pmy). The full lenghth cDNA of Hl-Pmy was obtained by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) which consisted of 2,783 bp with a 161 bp 3' untranslated region. Sequence alignment of tick paramyosin (Pmy) showed that Hl-Pmy shared a high level of conservation among ticks. Comparison with the protective epitope sequence of other invertebrate Pmy, it was calculated that the protective epitope of Hl-Pmy was a peptide (LEEAEGSSETVVEMNKKRDTE) named LEE, which was close to the N-terminal of Hl-Pmy protein. The secondary structure analysis suggested that LEE had non-helical segments within an α-helical structure. These results provide the basis for developing a vaccine against biting H. longicornis ticks.

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Screening and Identification of Antigenic Proteins from the Hard Tick <i>Dermacentor silvarum</i> (Acari: Ixodidae)
Tiantian Zhang, Xuejiao Cui, Jincheng Zhang, Hui Wang, Meng Wu, Hua Zeng, Yuanyuan Cao, Jingze Liu, Yonghong Hu
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 789. CrossRef

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Seasonal Distribution of Ticks in Four Habitats near the Demilitarized Zone, Gyeonggi-do (Province), Republic of Korea: Sung Tae Chong, Heung Chul Kim, In-Yong Lee, Thomas M. Kollars, Alfredo R. Sancho, William J. Sames, Joon-Seok Chae, Terry A. Klein; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(3):319-325.
Published online June 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.319

Abstract
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This study describes the seasonal distribution of larvae, nymph, and adult life stages for 3 species of ixodid ticks collected by tick drag and sweep methods from various habitats in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Grasses less than 0.5 m in height, including herbaceous and crawling vegetation, and deciduous, conifer, and mixed forests with abundant leaf/needle litter were surveyed at United States (US) and ROK operated military training sites and privately owned lands near the demilitarized zone from April-October, 2004 and 2005. Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann adults and nymphs were more frequently collected from April-August, while those of Haemaphysalis flava Neumann and Ixodes nipponensis Kitaoka and Saito were collected more frequently from April-July and again during October. H. longicornis was the most frequently collected tick in grass habitats (98.9%), while H. flava was more frequently collected in deciduous (60.2%) and conifer (57.4%) forest habitats. While more H. flava (54.1%) were collected in mixed forest habitats than H. longicornis (35.2%), the differences were not significant. I. nipponensis was more frequently collected from conifer (mean 8.8) compared to deciduous (3.2) and mixed (2.4) forests.

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Case Report

Severe Tick Infestation in a Hare and Potential Risk for Transmitting Pathogens to Humans: Weiqing Zheng, Haiying Chen, Xiaoqing Liu, Xuejian Guo, Renlong Fu; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(4):419-422.
Published online December 16, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.4.419

Abstract
PDF

Severe tick infestation was found in a hare in a suburban area of Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China. We sampled ticks and identified them based on their morphologic characteristics. Three species, Ixodes sinensis, which is commonly found in China and can experimentally transmit Borrelia burgdorferi, Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, and Haemaphysalis longicornis which can transmit Lyme disease were detected with an optical microscope and a stereomicroscope. Risk of spreading ticks from suburban to urban areas exists due to human transportation and travel between the infested and non-infested areas around Nanchang.

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Brief Communication

Ticks Collected from Selected Mammalian Hosts Surveyed in the Republic of Korea During 2008-2009: Heung Chul Kim, Sang Hoon Han, Sung Tae Chong, Terry A. Klein, Chang-Yong Choi, Hyun-Young Nam, Hee-Young Chae, Hang Lee, Sungjin Ko, Jun-Gu Kang, Joon-Seok Chae; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(3):331-335.
Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.3.331

Abstract
PDF

A tick survey was conducted to determine the relative abundance and distribution of ticks associated with selected mammals in the Republic of Korea (ROK) during 2008-2009. A total of 918 ticks were collected from 76 mammals (6 families, 9 species) captured at 6 provinces and 3 Metropolitan Cities in ROK. Haemaphysalis longicornis (54.4%) was the most frequently collected tick, followed by Haemaphysalis flava (28.5%), Ixodes nipponensis (7.6%), Ixodes pomerantzevi (4.8%), Ixodes persulcatus (4.6%), and Haemaphysalis japonica (0.1%). Adults (57.0%) and nymphs (28.7%) of Ixodes and Haemaphysalis spp. were collected most frequently from medium or large mammals in this survey, while few larvae (14.3%) were collected. Hydropotes inermis was the most frequently captured mammal (52.6%), with a 16.4 tick index and 5 of 6 species of ticks collected during this survey. H. longicornis (69.7%) was the predominant tick collected from H. inermis, followed by H. flava (22.2%), I. persulcatus (6.1%), I. nipponensis (1.8%), and H. japonica (0.2%).

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Original Articles

Status of Haemaphysalis tick infestation in domestic ruminants in Iran: Sadegh Rahbari, Sedigheh Nabian, Parviz Shayan, Hamid Reza Haddadzadeh; Korean J Parasitol 2007;45(2):129-132.
Published online June 20, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2007.45.2.129

Abstract
PDF

The geographical distribution and ecological preferences of Haemaphysalis in domestic animals in Iran were studied 4 times a year from April 2003 to March 2005. A total of 1,622 ixodid tick specimens were collected from 3 different zones. Among them, 108 (6.7%) Haemaphysalis ticks, consisting of 6 species, were identified; H. punctata (3.4%), H. parva (0.5%), H. sulcata (0.6%), H. choldokovskyi (1.7%), H. concinna (0.06%) and Haemaphysalis sp. (0.6%). H. punctata was the most abundant species, whereas H. concinna was the rarest species collected in humid and sub-humid zones on cattle, sheep and goats. H. choldokovskyi was principally collected from sheep and goats grazed in cold mountainous areas. The infested areas consisted of Caspian Sea (Guilan, Mazandaran, Golestan, and central provinces), mountainous (Azarbaiejan, Ardebil, Kohgilouyeh, and Kordestan) and semi-dessert (Khorasan, Semnan, Kerman, Sistan, and Baluchestan) zones. The Caspian Sea zone (23.6%) was the most highly infested region. The results show that various species of Haemaphysalis ticks infest domestic ruminants in Iran and each tick species show characteristic geographical distributions.

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Abbas Farahi, Elahe Ebrahimzade, Sedighe Nabian, Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd, Kamran Akbarzadeh, Alireza Bahonar
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Immunization effect of recombinant P27/30 protein expressed in Escherichia coli against the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) in rabbits: Myung-Jo You; Korean J Parasitol 2004;42(4):195-200.
Published online December 20, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2004.42.4.195

Abstract
PDF

We investigated the induction of resistance to Haemaphysalis longicornis infestation in rabbits that had been immunized with recombinant H. longicornis P27/30 protein. The success of immunological control methods is dependent upon the use of potential key antigens as tick vaccine candidates. Previously, we cloned a gene encoding 27 kDa and 30 kDa proteins (P27/30) of H. longicornis, and identified P27/30 as a troponin I-like protein. In this study, rabbits that were immunized with recombinant P27/30 expressed in Escherichia coli showed the statistically significant longer feeding duration for larval and adult ticks (P<0.05), low engorgement rates in larval ticks (64.4%), and an apparent reduction in egg weights, which suggest that H. longicornis P27/30 protein is a potential candidate antigen for a tick vaccine. These results demonstrated that the recombinant P27/30 protein might be a useful vaccine candidate antigen for biological control of H. longicornis.

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Veterinary Parasitology.2023; 323: 110051. CrossRef
Molecular cloning, expression and impact of ribosomal protein S-27 silencing in Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae)
Md Khalesur Rahman, Bumseok Kim, Myungjo You
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Identification of the tropomyosin (HL-Tm) in Haemaphysalis longicornis
Meiyuan Tian, Zhancheng Tian, Jin Luo, Junren Xie, Hong Yin, Qiaoying Zeng, Hui Shen, Huiping Chai, Xiaosong Yuan, Fangfang Wang, Guangyuan Liu
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Yao Bian, Weizhong Chen, Guangyou Yang, Xiaobin Gu, Shuxian Wang, Jiagang Sun, Kaijun Li, Hong Wei
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Jinliang Gao, Jianxun Luo, Ruiquan Fan, Guiquan Guan, Volker Fingerle, Chihiro Sugimoto, Noboru Inoue, Hong Yin
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Identification of newly isolated Babesia parasites from cattle in Korea by using the Bo-RBC-SCID mice: Shin-Hyeong Cho, Tong-Soo Kim, Hyeong-Woo Lee, Masayoshi Tsuji, Chiaki Ishihara, Jong-Taek Kim, Sung-Hwan Wee, Chung-Gil Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2002;40(1):33-40.
Published online March 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2002.40.1.33

Abstract
PDF

Attempts were made to isolate and identify Korean bovine Babesia parasite. Blood samples were collected from Holstein cows in Korea, and Babesia parasites were propagated in SCID mice with circulating bovine red blood cells for isolation. The isolate was then antigenically and genotypically compared with several Japanese isolates. The Korean parasite was found to be nearly identical to the Oshima strain isolated from Japanese cattle, which was recently designated as Babesia ovata oshimensis n. var. Haemaphysalis longicornis was the most probable tick species that transmited the parasite.

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Molecular investigation of tick-borne pathogens in ticks removed from tick-bitten humans in the southwestern region of the Republic of Korea
Mi Seon Bang, Choon-Mee Kim, Sang-Hyun Pyun, Dong-Min Kim, Na Ra Yun, Martin Chtolongo Simuunza
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Current Status of Tick-Borne Diseases in South Korea
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