Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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Case Reports

A case of hepatic anisakidosis caused by Anisakis pegreffii mimicking liver cancer: Minoru Yamada, Fumi Murakoshi, Hisashi Ikoma, Osamu Inamori, Akio Yanagisawa, Eiichi Konishi; Parasites Hosts Dis 2023;61(3):292-297.
Published online August 21, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.23055

Abstract
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Extra-gastrointestinal anisakidosis is rare. We herein report an Anisakis pegreffii infection in a patient with hepatic anisakidosis diagnosed based on its molecular identification. A 71-year-old male patient had a hepatic tumor presenting as a low-density area of 20 mm in diameter in segment 6 of the liver on abdominal ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The surgically resected pathological specimen revealed a necrotizing eosinophilic granuloma containing nematode larvae, possibly an Anisakis larva. Molecular and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated Anisakis larvae belonging to A. pegreffii. The present results will help identify and characterize unknown Anisakis species in histological sections.

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Anisakidae and Anisakidosis: A Public Health Perspective
Diana Nonković, Vanja Tešić, Vida Šimat, Svjetlana Karabuva, Alan Medić, Jerko Hrabar
Pathogens.2025; 14(3): 217. CrossRef
Screening of Anisakis-Related Allergies and Associated Factors in a Mediterranean Community Characterized by High Seafood Consumption
Santo Fruscione, Maria Barrale, Maurizio Zarcone, Davide Alba, Barbara Ravazzolo, Miriam Belluzzo, Rosa Onida, Gaetano Cammilleri, Antonella Costa, Vincenzo Ferrantelli, Alessandra Savatteri, Daniele Domenico De Bella, Salvatore Pipitone, Alida D’Atria, A
Foods.2024; 13(17): 2821. CrossRef

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Delayed Cerebral Toxoplasmosis in a Kidney Transplant Patient: a Case Report: Hosung Myeong, Moowan Park, Ji Eun Kim, Sun Won Park, Sang Hyung Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(1):35-38.
Published online February 23, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.1.35

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Cerebral toxoplasmosis is often life-threatening in an immunocompromised patient due to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Several differential diagnoses could be possible only with preoperative brain images of cerebral toxoplasmosis which show multiple rim-enhancing lesions. Due to the rarity of cerebral toxoplasmosis cases in Korea, the diagnosis and treatment are often delayed. This paper concerns a male patient whose cerebral toxoplasmosis was activated 21 years post kidney transplantation. Brain open biopsy was decided to make an exact diagnosis. Cerebral toxoplasmosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and PCR analyses of the tissue samples. Although cerebral toxoplasmosis was under control with medication, the patient did not recover clinically and died due to sepsis and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding.

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Disseminated toxoplasmosis infection 20 years post kidney transplant
Shaun Chandler, Lana Sundac, Carmel Hawley
BMJ Case Reports.2024; 17(9): e260412. CrossRef
Ciclosporin/mycophenolate mofetil

Reactions Weekly.2022; 1916(1): 146. CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Anisakid Larvae from Anchovies in the South Coast of Korea: Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jeonggyu Lee, Laddawan Patarwut, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(6):699-704.
Published online December 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.699

Abstract
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Anisakiasis (anisakidosis) refers to a foodborne zoonosis caused by ingesting raw or undercooked marine fish or cephalopods infected with anisakid larvae. The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence of anisakid larvae in anchovies (Engraulis japonica) purchased from 2 local markets in Gyeongsangnam-do, the Republic of Korea (=Korea), during 2018-2019. Anchovies were transported to our laboratory and examined by pepsin-HCl artificial digestion technique followed by microscopic observations and molecular analyses. The overall prevalence of anisakid larvae was 19.5% (39/200), from which a total of 51 larvae (av. 1.3 larvae/infected anchovy) were recovered. Sequencing of the larvae targeting the ITS region, including ITS1, 5.8S rRNA, and ITS2 genes confirmed the species of larvae as Anisakis pegreffii (54.9%; 28/51), Hysterothylacium sinense (23.5%; 12/51), and Hysterothylacium aduncum (21.5%; 11/51). The results suggested that anchovies could be a potential source of human anisakiasis in Korea.

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Occurrence and molecular identification of anisakid nematodes in anchovies from the Gulf of California, Mexico
Dania López-Moreno, Marta Valmaseda-Angulo, Jesús Servando Hernández-Orts, José A. Cruz-Barraza, Emigdio Marín-Enríquez, Rebeca Sánchez-Cárdenas, Marlenne Manzano-Sarabia, Felipe Amezcua, Juan R.F. Vallarta-Zarate, Francisco N. Morales-Serna
Food Control.2026; 180: 111657. CrossRef
Genetic analyses of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the East Asian finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Jong Yoon Jeon, Kyunglee Lee, Hyunjoo Lee, Han Chan Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Hang Lee, Sung Bin Lee, Sang Wha Kim, Se Chang Park, Seongjun Choe, Heejeong Youn
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Diatoms-endoparasite association in fish from the marine pacific coast of Colombia (Buenaventura)
Vanessa Potosi-Pai, Carlos E. Agudelo Morales, Javier Antonio Benavides-Montaño, Shawky M. Aboelhadid
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0312015. CrossRef

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Molecular Identification of Anisakis Larvae Extracted by Gastrointestinal Endoscopy from Health Check-up Patients in Korea: Hyemi Song, Bong-Kwang Jung, Jaeeun Cho, Taehee Chang, Sun Huh, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(2):207-211.
Published online April 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.2.207

Anisakiasis is a zoonotic disease induced by anisakid nematodes, and endoscopic inspection is used for a diagnosis or remedy for it. Anisakis simplex, Anisakis physeteris, and Pseudoterranova decipiens had been reported to be the major species causing human infections, particularly, in Japan. However, in Korea, recent studies strongly suggested that Anisakis pegreffii is the major species of human infections. To support this suggestion, we collected anisakid larvae (n=20) from 20 human patients who were undergone gastrointestinal endoscopy at a health check-up center in Korea, and molecular identification was performed on the larvae using PCR-RFLP analysis and gene sequencing of rDNA ITS regions and mtDNA cox2. In addition, anisakid larvae (n=53) collected from the sea eel (Astroconger myriaster) were also examined for comparison with those extracted from humans. The results showed that all human samples (100%) were identified as A. pegreffii, whereas 90.7% of the samples from the sea eel were A. pegreffii with the remaining 9.3% being Hysterothylacium aduncum. Our study confirmed that A. pegreffii is the predominant species causing human anisakiasis in Korea, and this seems to be due to the predominance of this larval type in the fish (sea eels) popularly consumed by the Korean people. The possibility of human infection with H. aduncum in Korea is also suggested.

Citations

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Risk Factors of Anisakidosis at the Global Level: A Review
Yosuke Fujisawa, Diane P. Barton, Shokoofeh Shamsi
Current Clinical Microbiology Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Alterations in immunized antigens of Anisakis pegreffii by ampicillin-induced gut microbiome changes in mice
Myungjun Kim, Jun Ho Choi, Myung-hee Yi, Singeun Oh, Tai-Soon Yong, Ju Yeong Kim
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2024; 62(3): 351. CrossRef
Genetic analyses of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the East Asian finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Jong Yoon Jeon, Kyunglee Lee, Hyunjoo Lee, Han Chan Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Hang Lee, Sung Bin Lee, Sang Wha Kim, Se Chang Park, Seongjun Choe, Heejeong Youn
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Phylogenetic and phylogeographic analyses of Anisakis simplex sensu stricto (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the common minke whale in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Bom Sok Lee, Seongjun Choe
Parasites, Hosts and Diseases.2023; 61(3): 240. CrossRef
Sensitivity of candling as routine method for the detection and recovery of ascaridoids in commercial fish fillets
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, B. Šoba, S. Vangeenberghe, A. Serradell, T. De Sterck, J. P. L. Lumain, S. Gabriël
Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Intraspecific Genetic Variation of Anisakis typica in Indian Mackerel Caught from the Gulf of Thailand, Samut Songkhram Province
Tanawat Chaiphongpachara, Poom Adisakwattana, Nantana Suwandittakul, Daiji Endoh
The Scientific World Journal.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
Anisakiasis Annual Incidence and Causative Species, Japan, 2018–2019
Hiromu Sugiyama, Mitsuko Shiroyama, Ikuyo Yamamoto, Takashi Ishikawa, Yasuyuki Morishima
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2022; 28(10): 2105. CrossRef
Identification and genetic characterization of Contracaecum sp. (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from China
Qingxun ZHANG, Meng MENG, Chengmei HUANG, Shengyong FENG, Jie LIU, Yan TANG, Yu FAN, Guohui YUAN, Shuyi HAN, Jing LUO, Baohua ZHAO, Hongxuan HE
Integrative Zoology.2021; 16(6): 929. CrossRef
Anisakis pegreffii Extract Induces Airway Inflammation with Airway Remodeling in a Murine Model System
Jun Ho Choi, Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Myungjun Kim, Tai-Soon Yong, Kalman Imre
BioMed Research International.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Morphological study and molecular epidemiology of Anisakis larvae in mackerel fish
Vipavinee Cheypanya, Pheravut Wongsawad, Chalobol Wongsawad, Nattawadee Nantarat
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine.2021; 14(5): 214. CrossRef
Presence of Anisakidae in commercial fish species imported into the Belgian food markets: A systematic review and meta-analyses
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, A. Serradell, S. Gabriël
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2020; 318: 108456. CrossRef
Occurrence and molecular identification of Anisakis larval type 1 (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in marketed fish in Egypt
Eman Mostafa, Marwa Omar, Shimaa. S. Hassan, Mohamed Samir
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2020; 44(3): 536. CrossRef
Ascaridoids in commercial fish: Occurrence, intensity and localization in whole fish and fillets destined for the Belgian market
E. Mercken, I. Van Damme, S. Vangeenberghe, A. Serradell, T. De Sterck, J.P.L. Lumain, S. Gabriël
International Journal of Food Microbiology.2020; 327: 108657. CrossRef
Advances in Omic Studies Drive Discoveries in the Biology of Anisakid Nematodes
Stefano D’Amelio, Fabrizio Lombardo, Antonella Pizzarelli, Ilaria Bellini, Serena Cavallero
Genes.2020; 11(7): 801. CrossRef
Status of common parasitic diseases in Korea in 2019
Sun Huh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2019; 62(8): 437. CrossRef
Parasitic infections and medical expenses according to Health Insurance Review Assessment claims data in South Korea, 2011–2018
Ju Yeong Kim, Myung-hee Yi, Tai-Soon Yong, Guilherme L. Werneck
PLOS ONE.2019; 14(11): e0225508. CrossRef
Anisakid Larvae from Anchovies in the South Coast of Korea
Taehee Chang, Bong-Kwang Jung, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jeonggyu Lee, Laddawan Patarwut, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(6): 699. CrossRef

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Case Reports

Primary Renal Hydatid Cyst: Mis-Interpretation as a Renal Malignancy: Hoon Choi, Jae Young Park, Jae-Heon Kim, Du Geon Moon, Jeong-Gu Lee, Jae Hyun Bae; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(3):295-298.
Published online June 26, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.3.295

Abstract
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Primary renal echinococcosis, a rare disease involving the kidney, accounts for 2-3% of human echinococcosis. A 64-year-old female patient from Uzbekistan presented with complaints of left flank pain. A CT scan revealed a cystic mass in the upper to midpole of the left kidney. We regarded this lesion as a renal malignancy and hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy was performed to remove the renal mass. The mass consisted of a large unilocular cyst and multiple smaller cysts without any grossly visible renal tissue. The final pathologic diagnosis was a renal hydatid cyst. For patients from endemic areas, hydatid cyst should be included in the differential diagnosis. Here, we present a case of renal hydatid cyst in a female patient who relocated from Uzbekistan to Korea.

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Delayed Diagnosis of Imported Cystic Echinococcosis and Successful Treatment With Percutaneous Drainage and Albendazole in Korea: A Case Report
Won Jun Choi, Hanna Jin, Hyeon Jae Jo, Chan Mi Lee, Chang Kyung Kang, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Wan Beom Park, Nam Joong Kim, Min-Ho Choi
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Imported parasitic diseases in the Republic of Korea: status and issues
Jong-Yil Chai
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2025; 68(1): 52. CrossRef
Renal hydatid cyst mimicked cystic renal cell carcinoma: A case report
Xiyi Wei, Jinyong Tian, Jianyu Diao, Gulinuer Aibibula, Maimaitijiang Dawuti, Yiliyasi Tuerxun, Mhtaer Wubuli, Yujie Zhang, Ninghong Song, Jie Yang
Precision Medical Sciences.2022; 11(1): 35. CrossRef
Hydatid cyst of kidney in a 60-year-old female: A rare case report
VarugheseP George, Kathirvelu Shanmugasamy, Sowmya Srinivasan, AnandrajV Krishnamurthy, AT. M Venkat Raghavan
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2020; 63(3): 499. CrossRef
Primary hydatid cyst looked like renal cell carcinoma: case report
Irzi Mohamed, Mhanna Tarik, Aynaou Mohammed, Wassim Alaoui, Ouraghi Abdelghani, Barki Ali
Journal of Surgical Case Reports.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Isolated Renal Hydatid Cyst Masquerading as Cystic Renal Tumor
Vikram Singh, Sudheer Kumar Devana, Ujjwal Gorsi, Amanjit Bal
Urology.2019; 133: e11. CrossRef
An Imported Case of Disseminated Echinococcosis in Korea
Dong Hoon Shin, Hae Chan Jo, Jeong-Han Kim, Kang Il Jun, Wan Beom Park, Nam-Joong Kim, Min-Ho Choi, Chang Kyung Kang, Myoung-don Oh
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(4): 429. CrossRef
Isolated Renal Hydatid Cyst Misdiagnosed and Operated as a Cystic Renal Tumor
Rabea A. Gadelkareem, Ayman A. Elqady, Sayed K. Abd-Elshafy, Hisham Imam, Hassan A. Abolella
Medical Principles and Practice.2018; 27(3): 297. CrossRef
Case 36-2018: A 29-Year-Old Man with an Incidentally Discovered Renal Mass
Richard C. Cabot, Eric S. Rosenberg, Virginia M. Pierce, David M. Dudzinski, Meridale V. Baggett, Dennis C. Sgroi, Jo-Anne O. Shepard, Alyssa Y. Castillo, Emily K. McDonald, Sally H. Ebeling, Douglas M. Dahl, Joseph F. Simeone, Othon Iliopoulos, Philip J.
New England Journal of Medicine.2018; 379(21): 2064. CrossRef
Excisional treatment of renal hydatid cyst mimicking renal tumor with diode laser technique: A case report
Murat Uçar, Ahsen Karagözlü Akgül, Fatih Çelik, Nizamettin Kılıç
Journal of Pediatric Urology.2016; 12(4): 264.e1. CrossRef
Disseminated peritoneal lesion after laparoscopic removal of renal hydatid cyst
A. G. Krieger, V. A. Vishnevskiy, A. I. Son, K. Kh. Lomovtseva
Khirurgiya. Zhurnal im. N.I. Pirogova.2015; (11): 71. CrossRef

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A Case of Vivax Malaria Complicated by Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Successful Management with Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Hyun-Jung Lee, Ji-Hyeon Baek, Myoung-Hun Chae, Hoyeon Joo, Jin-Soo Lee, Moon-Hyun Chung, Yun-Kyu Park, Joung-Teak Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(5):551-555.
Published online October 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.5.551

Abstract
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Complicated malaria is mainly caused by Plasmodium falciparum, but, increasingly, Plasmodium vivax is also being reported as a cause. Since the reemergence of indigenous vivax malaria in 1993, cases of severe malaria have been steadily reported in Korea. Herein, we report a case of vivax malaria complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that was successfully managed with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). A 59-year-old man presented at our hospital with fever and abdominal pain, which had persisted for 10 days. On admission, the patient had impaired consciousness, shock, hypoxia and haziness in both lungs, jaundice, thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, metabolic acidosis, and acute kidney injury. A peripheral blood smear and a rapid diagnostic test verified P. vivax mono-infection. Ten hours after admission, hypoxia became more severe, despite providing maximal ventilatory support. The administration of antimalarial agents, ECMO, and continuous venovenous hemofiltration resulted in an improvement of his vital signs and laboratory findings. He was discharged from the hospital 7 weeks later, without any sequelae.

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Resolution of experimental malaria-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome is Alox12 independent and shows residual inflammation
Fran Prenen, Bram De Pauw, Sofie Knoops, Emilie Pollenus, Hendrik Possemiers, Johan Van Weyenbergh, Philippe E. Van den Steen
Malaria Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Membrana de oxigenación extracorpórea (ECMO) como terapia puente a la cirugía en paciente con síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo (SDRA) debido a la rotura de un quiste hidatídico pulmonar
María Teresa Gómez-Hernández, Ernest J. Martínez, Marta G. Fuentes, Marta Paz, Israel Rodríguez, Nuria M. Novoa, Marcelo F. Jiménez
Archivos de Bronconeumología.2021; 57(7): 503. CrossRef
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as bridge therapy to surgery in a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to rupture of a pulmonary hydatid cyst
María Teresa Gómez-Hernández, Ernest J. Martínez, Marta G. Fuentes, Marta Paz, Israel Rodríguez, Nuria M. Novoa, Marcelo F. Jiménez
Archivos de Bronconeumología (English Edition).2021; 57(7): 503. CrossRef
Prevalence and risk factors related to poor outcome of patients with severe Plasmodium vivax infection: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and analysis of case reports
Manas Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui, Giovanni De Jesus Milanez, Frederick Ramirez Masangkay
BMC Infectious Diseases.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
The emergence of pathogenic TNF/iNOS producing dendritic cells (Tip-DCs) in a malaria model of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is dependent on CCR4
Bruno Galvão-Filho, Júlia Teixeira de Castro, Maria Marta Figueiredo, Claudio Gonçalves Rosmaninho, Lis Ribeiro do Valle Antonelli, Ricardo Tostes Gazzinelli
Mucosal Immunology.2019; 12(2): 312. CrossRef
Monocyte-derived dendritic cells in malaria
Isabella C Hirako, Patrícia A Assis, Bruno Galvão-Filho, Andrew D Luster, Lis RV Antonelli, Ricardo T Gazzinelli
Current Opinion in Microbiology.2019; 52: 139. CrossRef
Could Heme Oxygenase-1 Be a New Target for Therapeutic Intervention in Malaria-Associated Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?
Marcelo L. M. Pereira, Claudio R. F. Marinho, Sabrina Epiphanio
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Development of Visually Improved Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification for the Diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax Malaria in a Tertiary Hospital in Chandigarh, North India
Hargobinder Kaur, Rakesh Sehgal, Devendra Bansal, Ali A. Sultan, Ashish Bhalla, Sunit C. Singhi
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2018; 98(5): 1374. CrossRef
Severe Plasmodium vivax infection in Korea
Jae Hyoung Im, Hea Yoon Kwon, JiHyeon Baek, Seong Wook Park, Areum Durey, Kyung Hee Lee, Moon-Hyun Chung, Jin-Soo Lee
Malaria Journal.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Respiratory Complications of Plasmodium vivax Malaria: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hernando del Portillo, Fernando Val, Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro, Quique Bassat, Kim Machado, Lisiane Barbosa, Jorge Luis Salinas, André Machado Siqueira, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães Lacerda, Maria Graças Costa Alecrim
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2017; 97(3): 733. CrossRef
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Dengue, Malaria, and Acute Chagas Disease
Leonardo A. Salazar, Cornelis M. Schreuder, Jhonathan A. Eslava, Adriana S. Murcia, Mario J. Forero, Mauricio A. Orozco-Levi, Luis E. Echeverría, Anton io Figueredo
ASAIO Journal.2017; 63(6): e71. CrossRef
Imported Plasmodium vivax malaria with severe thrombocytopaenia: can it be severe malaria or not?
Spinello Antinori, Alberto Corona, Anna Lisa Ridolfo, Laura Galimberti, Davide Ricaboni, Laura Milazzo, Mario Corbellino
Malaria Journal.2016;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Articles

Larval Anisakid Infections in Marine Fish from Three Sea Areas of the Republic of Korea: Shin-Hyeong Cho, Sang-Eun Lee, Ok-Hee Park, Byoung-Kuk Na, Woon-Mok Sohn; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(4):295-299.
Published online November 26, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.295

Abstract
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The present study was performed to determine the infection status of anisakid larvae in marine fish collected from 3 sea areas of the Republic of Korea. Total 86 marine fish (8 species) collected from the East Sea (Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do), 171 fish (10 species) from the South Sea (Sacheon-si, Gyeongsangnam-do), and 92 fish (7 species) from the Yellow Sea (Incheon Metropolitan City) were examined by both naked eyes and artificial digestion method. Among the total of 349 fish examined, 213 (61.0%) were infected with 8 species of anisakid larvae, i.e., Anisakis simplex, 6 types of Contracaecum spp., and Raphidascaris sp., and the mean larval density was 13.8 per infected fish. Anisakid larvae were detected in 45 fish (52.3%) from the East Sea, 131 fish (76.6%) from the South Sea, and 37 fish (40.2%) from the Yellow Sea. The average numbers of larvae detected were 4.0, 16.6, and 15.9, respectively. Anisakis simplex larvae were detected in 149 fish (42.7%), and the mean larval density was 9.0 per infected fish. They were found in 26 fish (30.2%) collected from the East Sea, 96 fish (56.1%) from the South Sea, and 27 fish (29.3%) from the Yellow Sea. The average numbers of larvae detected were 2.9, 10.3, and 10.5, respectively. Conclusively, the present study suggests that the infection rate and density of anisakid larvae are more or less higher in the fish from the South Sea than those from the East Sea or the Yellow Sea.

Citations

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Genetic analyses of Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) from the East Asian finless porpoise Neophocaena asiaeorientalis sunameri (Cetacea: Phocoenidae) in Korean waters
Sunmin Kim, Jong Yoon Jeon, Kyunglee Lee, Hyunjoo Lee, Han Chan Park, Kyung Eun Lee, Hang Lee, Sung Bin Lee, Sang Wha Kim, Se Chang Park, Seongjun Choe, Heejeong Youn
Parasitology Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Re‐evaluation of certain aspects of the EFSA Scientific Opinion of April 2010 on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products, based on new scientific data. Part 2
Ana Allende, Avelino Alvarez‐Ordóñez, Valeria Bortolaia, Sara Bover‐Cid, Alessandra De Cesare, Wietske Dohmen, Laurent Guillier, Lieve Herman, Liesbeth Jacxsens, Maarten Nauta, Lapo Mughini‐Gras, Jakob Ottoson, Luisa Peixe, Fernando Perez‐Rodriguez, Panag
EFSA Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Parasites in the Skeletal Muscle of Amberjacks Seriola spp. in Japan: A Review
Kazuo Ogawa
Fish Pathology.2023; 58(4): 127. CrossRef
Prevalence of Anisakid Nematodes in Fish in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Qing Liu, Qi Wang, Jing Jiang, Jun-Yang Ma, Xing-Quan Zhu, Qing-Long Gong
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemical study of third stage larvae of Anisakis spp. infection in marine fishes in China from 2016 to 2017
Shuran Yang, Xiaoyan Pei, Ying Li, Li Zhan, Zhen Tang, Weiwei Chen, Xia Song, Dajin Yang
Food Control.2020; 107: 106769. CrossRef
Anisakidosis
Heung Up Kim
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2019; 19(1): 23. CrossRef
<i>Anisakis pegreffii</i> Larvae in Sea Eels (<i>Astroconger myriaster</i>) from the South Sea, Republic of Korea
Jaeeun Cho, Hyemi Lim, Bong-Kwang Jung, Eun-Hee Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(3): 349. CrossRef
Molecular Analysis ofAnisakis Type I Larvae in Marine Fish from Three Different Sea Areas in Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Jung-Mi Kang, Byoung-Kuk Na
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(4): 383. CrossRef
Clinical Update on Parasitic Diseases
Min Seo
Korean Journal of Medicine.2013; 85(5): 469. CrossRef

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Infection kinetics and developmental biology of Cryptosporidium muris (strain MCR) in Korean native kids and Corriedale lambs: Jae Ku Rhee, Hyeon Cheol Kim, Gil Soo Eun; Korean J Parasitol 1998;36(3):171-181.
Published online September 30, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1998.36.3.171

Abstract
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A total of nine Korean native kids and two Corriedale lambs, 1-20 days old, were each inoculated per os with a single dose of 2 × 10⁷ oocysts of Cryptosporidium muris (strain MCR) originated from mice to elucidate the kinetics and developmental stages of the coccidium in small ruminants. Irrespective of host's age, the prepatent period for both animals ranged from 19 to 35 days (28.1 days, on the average) and the patent period 16-85 days (47.8 days), and the total oocyst outputs showed enormous differences. Infection with greater numbers of oocyst outputs was not ordinarily established by transmission experiments. Oocysts discharged from the kids retained their infectivity by the mouse titration method. The immunogenicity of the coccidium and oocyst reproduction were proven by challenge infection and administration of prednisolone acetate, respectively. All the developmental stages of the coccidium in parasitophorous vacuoles were found by transmission electron microscopy in the pits of the gastric glands of a kid inoculated with oocysts and then necropsied on day 44 postinoculation. It indicated the full course of the host-parasite relationship in kids and lambs as well as mice.

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Cryptosporidium ubiquitum, C. muris and Cryptosporidium deer genotype in wild cervids and caprines in the Czech Republic
Michaela Kotkova, Karel Nemejc, Bohumil Sak, Vladimir Hanzal, Dana Kvetonova, Lenka Hlaskova, Sarka Condlova, John McEvoy, Martin Kvac
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Cryptosporidium proliferans n. sp. (Apicomplexa: Cryptosporidiidae): Molecular and Biological Evidence of Cryptic Species within Gastric Cryptosporidium of Mammals
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