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Studies on the lungfluke, Paragonimus iloktsuenensis V. Host tissue reactions in albino rats
Jong Hoa Bae,Byong-Seol Seo and Soon-Hyung Lee
Department of Parasitology and Institute of Endemic Diseases, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.
Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Korea.
Abstract
In order to understand the tissue responses of albino rat host against Paragonimus iloktsuenensis infection, the histopathological changes of the spleen and the lungs in 6 experimental groups of rats were observed in relation with the growth, maturation and migration of this lungfluke.
Rats of the experimental groups, each group consisted of 5 rats, were infected with the metacercariae of P. iloktsuenensis which were isolated from brackish water crab, Sesarma dehaani, and were kept for 3 days, 3 weeks, 4 weeks, 7 weeks, 10 weeks and 14 weeks of infection period.
Peripheral blood smear slides for the differential leukocyte count were prepared and also worm collection was completed immediately after the infection period. Paraffin sections of the spleen and the lung tissue were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and methyl-green-pyronin (MGP) stain.
Those materials from the experimental groups were examined in comparison with the materials obtained from control group, with special reference to immunologic aspects of host response.
The results obtained were as follows:
1. The counts of large pyroninophilic cell (LPC) in the periarterial sheath of spleen were rapidly increased in earlier period of infection, and those of peribronchial lymphatic tissue started to increase after the penetration of lungfluke into the lungs.
2. The LPC counts of both the spleen and the lungs were on the decrease in conjunction with the necrosis of the lung fluke in 14th week of infection.
3. On observing differential leukocyte count of peripheral blood smear, the fluctuation of lymphocyte count was proportional to that of LPC count, and the lymphocyte count was consistently higher than that of normal rats. On the other hand, neutrophil count of experimental group showed reciprocal relation to the LPC counts.
4. The nature and characteristics of pulmonary lesion produced by the P. iloktsuenensis were just the same as those produced by P. westermani. The lesions were represented by thick and fibrosclerotic cavern, granuloma due to eggs, pneumonic process and cellular infiltrations.
Figures
Fig. 1 Differential count of peripheral leukocytes of various groups during the progress of P. iloktsuensis infection.
Fig. 2 Mean number of large pyroninophilic cell (LPC) per high power field in spleen (periarterial sheath) and in lungs (peribronchial lymph node).
Fig. 3-8 Fig. 3. Many large pyroninophilic cells appeared in the periarterial lymphatic sheath of the spleen, 3 weeks after the unfection (Group II). MGP stain, ×1000.
Fig. 4. The parasite, Paragonimus iloktsuenensis, was seen in surrounding connective tissue and pneumonic parenchymatous tissue, 4 weeks after the infection (Group III). H-E stain, ×100.
Fig. 5. Pneumonic process of the lung tissue, 4 weeks after the infection (Group III). H-E stain, ×100.
Fig. 6. Eggs of the lungfluke can be seen in alveolar lumen (Group III). H-E stain, ×100.
Fig. 7. Plaema cell infiltration was noted in the vicinity of thick fibrotic worm capsule, 7 weeks after the infection (Group IV). H-E stain, ×400.
Fig. 8. Peribronchial lymphatic tissue proliferation was observed in the lung tissue of Group V, 10 weeks after the infection. H-E stain, ×100.
Fig. 9-12 Fig. 9. High power magnification of Fig. 8 revealed many LPC in prolifering lymphatic tessue, MGP stain, ×400.
Fig. 10. Necrosis of the lungfluke can ce seen in fibrotic worm capsules, 14 weeks after the infection (Group VI) H-E stain, ×100.
Fig. 11. Magnification of Fig. 10 shows numerous dust cells accumulated in the lesion. H-E stain, ×100.
Fig. 12. Granulomatous lesion produced by the deposited eggs and giant cells were seen in some of that lesion (Group VI), 14 weeks after the infection. H-E stain, ×100.
Tables
Table 1 Classification and schedules of Paragonimus iloktsuenensis infection to albino rats, and number and location of lungflukes discovered
Table 2 Differential count & large pyroninophilic cell (LPC) count of various groups
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