Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Byung-Suk Chung"

Brief Communication

Intestinal Parasite Infections among Inhabitants in Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, China: Myoung-Ro Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Byung-Suk Chung, Sang-Eun Lee, Jung-Won Ju, Liji Xu, Chen Long Nan, Mi-Yeoun Park, Shin-Hyeong Cho; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(5):579-582.
Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.5.579

Abstract
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To investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasite infections in Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, China, epidemiological surveys were conducted on a collaboration basis between the Korean Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Yanbian Center for Disease Control and Prevention. A total of 8,396 (males 3,737 and females 4,659) stool samples were collected from 8 localities and examined with the formalin-ether sedimentation technique, and additionally examined with the cellotape anal swab to detect Enterobius vermicularis eggs. The overall rate of intestinal parasites was 1.57%. The prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides was the highest (0.80%), followed by Entamoeba spp. (0.23%), heterophyid flukes (0.15%), Clonorchis sinensis (0.08%), Enterobius vermicularis (0.07%), hookworms (0.06%), Trichostrongylus spp. (0.06%), Giardia lamblia (0.04%), Paragonimus spp. (0.02%), Diphyllobothrium spp. (0.02%), Trichuris trichiura (0.02%). The prevalence by sex was similar, 1.58% (n=59) in males and 1.57% (n=73) in females. By the present study, it is partly revealed that the prevalences of intestinal parasite infections are relatively low among the inhabitants of Yanbian Prefecture, Jilin Province, China.

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Original Articles

Influencing Factors for Cure of Clonorchiasis by Praziquantel Therapy: Infection Burden and CYP3A5 Gene Polymorphism: Chung Hyeon Kim, Jeong-Keun Lee, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(1):45-49.
Published online March 18, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.1.45

Abstract
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Chemotherapy of clonorchiasis with praziquantel (PZQ) is effective but about 15% of treated cases have been reported uncured. The present study investigated correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the cytochrome P450 gene, CYP3A5 and cure of clonorchiasis. A total of 346 egg passing residents were subjected and treated by 3 doses of 25 mg/kg PZQ. Reexamination recognized 33 (9.5%) uncured and 313 cured. Numbers of eggs per gram of feces (EPGs) before treatment were significantly lower in the cured group than in the uncured group (2,011.2±3,600.0 vs 4,998.5±7,012.0, P<0.001). DNAs of the subjects were screened for SNPs at 7 locations of CYP3A5 using PCR. In the uncured group, the SNP frequencies at g.-20555G>A and g.27526C>T of CYP3A5 were 15.2% and 9.1% while those were 3.8% and 1.0%, respectively, in the cured group. The cure rate was significantly lower in the cases with SNP at g.27526C>T and EPGs≥1,000. In conclusion, EPGs and SNPs of CYP3A5 are factors which influence cure of clonorchiasis by PZQ therapy. It is strongly suggested to recommend 2-day medication for individuals with high EPGs≥1,000.

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Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis: epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, morbidity, diagnosis, treatment, and control
Men-Bao Qian, Jennifer Keiser, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Graeme N. Forrest
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy and Safety of Tribendimidine Against Clonorchis sinensis
Men-Bao Qian, Peiling Yap, Yi-Chao Yang, Hai Liang, Zhi-Hua Jiang, Wei Li, Yu-Guang Tan, Hui Zhou, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Jennifer Keiser
Clinical Infectious Diseases.2013; 56(7): e76. CrossRef
Efficacy of Praziquantel against Schistosoma mekongi and Opisthorchis viverrini: A Randomized, Single-Blinded Dose-Comparison Trial
Leonore Lovis, Tippi K. Mak, Khampheng Phongluxa, Phonepasong Ayé Soukhathammavong, Youthanavanh Vonghachack, Jennifer Keiser, Penelope Vounatsou, Marcel Tanner, Christoph Hatz, Jürg Utzinger, Peter Odermatt, Kongsap Akkhavong, Banchob Sripa
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2012; 6(7): e1726. CrossRef

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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Cytokine Genes are Associated with Fibrosis of the Intrahepatic Bile Duct Wall in Human Clonorchiasis: Byung-Suk Chung, Jeong-Keun Lee, Min-Ho Choi, Myoung Hee Park, Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(2):145-151.
Published online May 27, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.2.145

Abstract
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This study examined the association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with intrahepatic bile duct wall fibrosis in human clonorchiasis. A total of 240 residents in Heilongjiang, China underwent ultrasonography, blood sampling, and stool examination. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites for IFN-γ (+874 T/A), IL-10 (-1,082 G/A, -819 C/T, -592 C/A), TNF-α (-308 G/A), and TGF-β1 (codon 10 T/C, codon 25 G/C) genes were observed with the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. No significant correlation was observed between individual cytokine gene polymorphisms and intrahepatic duct dilatation (IHDD). Among individuals with clonorchiasis of moderate intensity, the incidence of IHDD was high in those with IFN-γ intermediate-producing genotype, +874AT (80.0%, P = 0.177), and in those with TNF-α low-producing genotype, -308GG (63.0%, P = 0.148). According to the combination of IFN-γ and TNF-α genotypes, the risks for IHDD could be stratified into high (intermediate-producing IFN-γ and low producing TNF-α), moderate, and low (low-producing IFN-γ and high producing TNF-α) risk groups. The incidence of IHDD was significantly different among these groups (P = 0.022): 88.9% (odds ratio, OR = 24.0) in high, 56.5% (OR = 3.9) in moderate, and 25.0% (OR = 1) in low risk groups. SNP of IFN-γ and TNF-α genes may contribute to the modulation of fibrosis in the intrahepatic bile duct wall in clonorchiasis patients.

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Risk Factors of Clonorchis sinensis Human Infections in Endemic Areas, Haman-Gun, Republic of Korea: A Case-Control Study
Sang-Eun Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Myoung-Ro Lee, Yang-Hee Kim, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 647. CrossRef
The impact of cytokine gene polymorphisms on Epstein–Barr virus infection outcome in pediatric liver transplant recipients
Beata Kasztelewicz, Irena Jankowska, Joanna Pawłowska, Joanna Teisseyre, Katarzyna Dzierżanowska-Fangrat
Journal of Clinical Virology.2012; 55(3): 226. CrossRef
Clinical relevance of the interleukin 10 promoter polymorphisms in Chinese Han patients with major trauma: genetic association studies
Ling Zeng, Wei Gu, Kehong Chen, Dongpo Jiang, Lianyang Zhang, Dingyuan Du, Ping Hu, Qing Liu, Suna Huang, Jianxin Jiang
Critical Care.2009;[Epub] CrossRef

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Keratitis by Acanthamoeba triangularis: Report of Cases and Characterization of Isolates: Ying-Hua Xuan, Byung-Suk Chung, Yeon-Chul Hong, Hyun-Hee Kong, Tae-Won Hahn, Dong-Il Chung; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(3):157-164.
Published online September 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.3.157

Abstract
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Three Acanthamoeba isolates (KA/E9, KA/E17, and KA/E23) from patients with keratitis were identified as Acanthamoeba triangularis by analysis of their molecular characteristics, a species not previously recognized to be a corneal pathogen. Epidemiologic significance of A. triangularis as a keratopathogen in Korea has been discussed. Morphologic features of Acanthamoeba cysts were examined under a microscope with differential interference contrast (DIC) optics. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the ocular isolates KA/E9, KA/E17, and KA/E23 were digested with restriction enzymes, and the restriction patterns were compared with those of reference strains. Complete nuclear 18S and mitochondrial (mt) 16S rDNA sequences were subjected to phylogenetic analysis and species identification. mtDNA RFLP of 3 isolates showed very similar patterns to those of SH621, the type strain of A. triangularis. 16S and 18S rDNA sequence analysis confirmed 3 isolates to be A. triangularis. 18S rDNA sequence differences of the isolates were 1.3% to 1.6% and those of 16S rDNA, 0.4% to 0.9% from A. triangularis SH621. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report, confirmed by 18S and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, of keratitis caused by A. triangularis of which the type strain was isolated from human feces. Six isolates of A. triangularis had been reported from contaminated contact lens cases in south eastern Korea.

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Changing Patterns of Serum and Bile Antibodies in Re-infected Rats with Clonorchis sinensis: Hongman Zhang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(1):17-22.
Published online March 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.1.17

Abstract
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Rats develop strong resistance to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis. The present study investigated the antibodies present in the sera and bile juice of rats that were primary infected and re-infected with C. sinensis. The serum level of specific IgG antibodies, which were elevated 2 wk of the primary infection, peaked at 4 wk and subsequently remained unchanged even during re-infection. The total IgE level in serum increased slowly from 388 ng / ml to 3,426 ng / ml beginning 2 wk after the primary infection, and remained high up to 8 wk but dropped to a normal level (259 ng / ml) after treatment. In resistant re-infected rats, the serum IgE level increased rapidly and peaked within 1 wk, whereas no increase was observed in immunosuppressed rats. The serum level of specific IgA antibodies was elevated beginning 1 wk after infection, and decreased 4 wk after treatment. The total bile IgA level unchanged during the primary infection but increased in treated and re-infected rats. The elevated levels of serum IgE and bile IgA indicate that these immunoglobulins may be correlated with the development of resistance to re-infection by C. sinensis in rats.

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Bacillus subtilis spore with surface display of paramyosin from Clonorchis sinensis potentializes a promising oral vaccine candidate
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Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Local immune response to primary infection and re-infection by Clonorchis sinensis in FVB mice
Eun-Min Kim, Hak Sun Yu, Yan Jin, Min-Ho Choi, Young Mee Bae, Sung-Tae Hong
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Virus-like particles vaccine containing Clonorchis sinensis tegumental protein induces partial protection against Clonorchis sinensis infection
Dong-Hun Lee, Ah-Ra Kim, Su-Hwa Lee, Fu-Shi Quan
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Systemic and local mucosal immune responses induced by orally delivered Bacillus subtilis spore expressing leucine aminopeptidase 2 of Clonorchis sinensis
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Case Report

A case of sparganosis mimicking a varicose vein: Ja-Hyun Koo, Won-Hyun Cho, Hyoung-Tae Kim, Sung-Moon Lee, Byung-Suk Chung, Chong-Yoon Joo; Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(1):91-94.
Published online March 20, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.1.91

Abstract
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Recent advances in radiological and serological techniques have enabled easier preoperative diagnosis of sparganosis. However, due to scarcity of cases, sparganosis has been often regarded as a disease of other etiologic origin unless the parasite is confirmed in the lesion. We experienced a case of sparganosis mimicking a varicose vein in terms of clinical manifestations and radiological findings. Sparganosis should be included among the list of differential diagnosis with the varicose vein.

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Original Articles

Organ-specific antigens of Clonorchis sinensis: Shunyu Li, Byung-Suk Chung, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2004;42(4):169-174.
Published online December 20, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2004.42.4.169

Abstract
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This study was carried out to find out specific proteins from different organs of Clonorchis sinensis. Crude extract, organ-specific and excretory-secretory (ES) proteins were analyzed by immunoblot with infected human sera. The bands of 7- and 17-kDa were main component of intestinal fluid and ES protein and commonly found in all organspecific proteins. The 17-kDa protein was observed from ES antigen, intestinal fluid, eggs and sperms, 26- and 28-kDa proteins were from the uterus, vitellaria, and ovary, and 34-, 37-, 43- and 50-kDa proteins were mainly from the testis and sperms. Serum of mice immunized with sperms reacted to the 50-kDa protein by immunoblotting and immunohistochemical staining showed a positive reaction at the seminal receptacle and seminiferous tubule. The present results show that the 7-kDa protein is a common antigen of every part or organ of C. sinensis, but different organs express their specific antigenic protein bands.

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KOMP'YuTERNYY I EKSPERIMENTAL'NYY ANALIZ ANTIGENNYKh SVOYSTV VITELLINA I KATEPSINA F OPISTHORCHIS FELINEUS
A A Nosova, P A Belavin, D A Afonnikov
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Multiple recombinant antigens of Clonorchis sinensis for serodiagnosis of human clonorchiasis
Shunyu Li, Jung Guk Shin, Pyo Yun Cho, Tae Im Kim, Sung-Tae Hong, Sung-Jong Hong
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Scientific Opinion on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products

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Differential gene expression profiling in human cholangiocarcinoma cells treated with Clonorchis sinensis excretory-secretory products
Jhang Ho Pak, Dong-Wook Kim, Ju Hyun Moon, Joo-Hyun Nam, Jong-Hyeok Kim, Jung Won Ju, Tong-Soo Kim, Sang-Beom Seo
Parasitology Research.2009; 104(5): 1035. CrossRef
Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in human cholangiocarcinoma cells treated withClonorchis sinensisexcretory–secretory products
Jhang Ho Pak, Ju Hyun Moon, Seung‐Jun Hwang, Shin‐Hyeong Cho, Sang‐Beom Seo, Tong‐Soo Kim
Journal of Cellular Biochemistry.2009; 108(6): 1376. CrossRef
Identification of a serodiagnostic antigen, legumain, by immunoproteomic analysis of excretory‐secretory products of Clonorchis sinensis adult worms
Jung‐Won Ju, Hyun‐Na Joo, Myoung‐Ro Lee, Shin‐Hyeong Cho, Hyeng‐Il Cheun, Jung‐Yeon Kim, Young‐Hee Lee, Kwang‐Jun Lee, Woon‐Mok Sohn, Dong‐Min Kim, Il‐Chul Kim, Byoung Chul Park, Tong‐Soo Kim
PROTEOMICS.2009; 9(11): 3066. CrossRef
Bile components and amino acids affect survival of the newly excysted juvenile Clonorchis sinensis in maintaining media
Shunyu Li, Tae Im Kim, Won Gi Yoo, Pyo Yun Cho, Tong-Soo Kim, Sung-Jong Hong
Parasitology Research.2008; 103(5): 1019. CrossRef
Molecular characterization and serodiagnosis analysis of a novel lysophospholipase from Clonorchis sinensis
Changling Ma, Xuchu Hu, Fengyu Hu, Yanwen Li, Xiaoxiang Chen, Zhenwen Zhou, Fangli Lu, Jin Xu, Zhongdao Wu, Xinbing Yu
Parasitology Research.2007; 101(2): 419. CrossRef
Clonorchis sinensis: Expression, characterization, immunolocalization and serological reactivity of one excretory/secretory antigen-LPAP homologue
Fengyu Hu, Xinbing Yu, Changling Ma, Hongjuan Zhou, Zhenwen Zhou, Yanwen Li, Fangli Lu, Jin Xu, Zhongdao Wu, Xuchu Hu
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Shunyu Li, Hyoun Woo Kang, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
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Fish-borne parasitic zoonoses: Status and issues
Jong-Yil Chai, K. Darwin Murrell, Alan J. Lymbery
International Journal for Parasitology.2005; 35(11-12): 1233. CrossRef

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Bile duct changes in rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis: Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Shunyu Li, Byung-Suk Chung, Jae Hoon Lim, Soon-Hyung Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2004;42(1):7-17.
Published online March 20, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2004.42.1.7

Abstract
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This study describes an evaluation of the sonographic, cholangiographic, pathological, and immunological findings, and the protective effect shown by rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis. Eight experimental rat groups were, namely, a normal control, a primary infection control, a reinfection I (reinfection 7 week after treatment following 3-week infection), a reinfection II (reinfection 2 week after treatment following 8-week infection), a reinfection III (exploration of the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection 4 week after treatment following 4-week infection), a superinfection, a secondary infection control, and an infection following immunization group. Sonographic and cholangiographic findings showed moderate or marked dilatation of the bile duct confluence in the primary infection control, reinfection II, and secondary infection control groups. Juvenile worms survived in the intrahepatic bile ducts 1 week after reinfection following treatment in the reinfection III group. It was concluded that reinfecting juvenile worms found during the first week following reinfection failed to survive or grow further. Anatomical, pathophysiological, or immunological changes may induce protection from reinfection in rats.

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Yanhan Xiang, Ningqin Li, Zhongyang Zhou, Jing Fang, Jinyuan Liao
Radiology of Infectious Diseases.2021; 8(3): 108. CrossRef
Perturbations of Metabolomic Profiling of Spleen From Rats Infected With Clonorchis sinensis Determined by LC-MS/MS Method
Xiaoli Zhang, Xinyi Hu, Rui Chen, Beibei Sun, Yannan Gao, Shanshan Duan, Liyan Liu, Su Han
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Alessandra Gentilini, Mirella Pastore, Fabio Marra, Chiara Raggi
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In-vivo monitoring of development of cholangiocarcinoma induced with C. sinensis and N-nitrosodimethylamine in Syrian golen hamsters using ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging: a preliminary study
Hyunsik Woo, Joon Koo Han, Jung Hoon Kim, Sung-Tae Hong, Md. Hafiz Uddin, Ja-June Jang
European Radiology.2017; 27(4): 1740. CrossRef
Oxidative stress-mediated mouse liver lesions caused by Clonorchis sinensis infection
Sejung Maeng, Hye Won Lee, Qudsia Bashir, Tae Im Kim, Sung-Jong Hong, Tae Jin Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Tong-Soo Kim, Jhang Ho Pak
International Journal for Parasitology.2016; 46(3): 195. CrossRef
Cell Death and Proliferation after Treatment and Reinfection of Clonorchis sinensis in the Sprague-Dawley Rat Bile Duct
Byoung-Hoon Min, Ka-Young Ahn, Haeng-Sook Lee, Soo-Jin Kim, Kyoung-Hwan Joo
Applied Microscopy.2015; 45(2): 80. CrossRef
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Xiaoli Zhang, Zhanfeng Jin, Rong Da, Yunxia Dong, Wuqi Song, Xiaobei Chen, Qi Huang, Hong Ling, Yang Che, Yihong Li, Fengmin Zhang
Parasitology Research.2008; 103(2): 393. CrossRef
Changing Patterns of Serum and Bile Antibodies in Re-infected Rats with Clonorchis sinensis
Hongman Zhang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2008; 46(1): 17. CrossRef
Factors in the resistance of rats to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis
Hongman Zhang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
Parasitology Research.2008; 102(6): 1111. CrossRef
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Parasitology Research.2005; 97(1): 21. CrossRef

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Development of resistance to reinfection by Clonorchis sinensis in rats: Byung-Suk Chung, Hongman Zhang, Min-Ho Choi, Deogkyu Jeon, Shunyu Li, Mejeong Lee, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2004;42(1):19-26.
Published online March 20, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2004.42.1.19

Abstract
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We investigated the induction of resistance to Clonorchis sinensis infection by prior infection in rat and hamster models. Animals were challenged with C. sinensis metacercariae, then treated with praziquantel and reinfected. Worm recovery rate in reinfected animals was used to estimate resistance to reinfection. The determined resistance rates to reinfection in rats and hamsters were 97.7% and 10.3%, respectively. In rats, cure from the primary infection of C. sinensis increased resistant to reinfection, and the greatert the worm burden and the longer the duration of primary infection, the higher was the resistance rate. For primary infection doses of 10, 40 and 100 metacercariae per rat, the resistance rates were 87.4%, 93.8% and 98.4%, respectively. The resistance rates in rats after 2 or 8-week primary infection were 78.7% and 95.3%, respectively. All worms recovered from reinfected rats were immature. When cured rats were administered with methylprednisolone, resistance to reinfection became impaired. These findings indicate that rats develop a high degree of resistance to reinfection by C. sinensis after cure. The growths and maturations of reinfected worms were also impaired.

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Factors in the resistance of rats to re-infection and super-infection by Clonorchis sinensis
Hongman Zhang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
Parasitology Research.2008; 102(6): 1111. CrossRef
Changing Patterns of Serum and Bile Antibodies in Re-infected Rats with Clonorchis sinensis
Hongman Zhang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2008; 46(1): 17. CrossRef
Susceptibility of experimental animals to reinfection with Clonorchis sinensis
Woon-Mok Sohn, Hongman Zhang, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2006; 44(2): 163. CrossRef
Bile duct changes in rats reinfected with Clonorchis sinensis
Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong, Shunyu Li, Byung-Suk Chung, Jae Hoon Lim, Soon-Hyung Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2004; 42(1): 7. CrossRef

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Specific and common antigens of Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini (Opisthorchidae, Trematoda): Min-Ho Choi, Jin-Sook Ryu, Mejeong Lee, Shunyu Li, Byung-Suk Chung, Jong-Yil Chai, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Smarn Tesana, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2003;41(3):155-163.
Published online September 20, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.3.155

Abstract
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The antigenic characterizations and serological reactions of human liver flukes, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini, were analyzed by immunoblot. The antigenic profiles of the crude extract of Clonorchis contained major proteins of 8, 26-28, 34-37, 43, and 70 kDa, and those of Opisthorchis 34-37, 43, 70, and 100 kDa. Of these, the 8, 26-28 and 34-37 kDa bands of Clonorchis and the 100 kDa of Opisthorchis were major components of each excretory-secretory antigen. The 8 and 26-28 kDa bands were specific to Clonorchis but the 100 kDa of Opisthorchis cross-reacted with the sera of clonorchiasis, and the 34-37, 70 and 100 kDa bands cross-reacted with sera of other helminthiases. The frequency and intensity of the immunoblot reactions were positively correlated with the intensity of the liver fluke infection.

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Predominance of IL-10 and TGF-β production from the mouse macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, in response to crude antigens from Clonorchis sinensis
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Characterization of partially purified 8 kDa antigenic protein of Clonorchis sinensis: Young-Bae Chung, Mejeong Lee, Hyun-Jong Yang, Byung-Suk Chung, Shun-Yu Lee, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2002;40(2):83-88.
Published online June 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2002.40.2.83

Abstract
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The 8 kDa antigenic protein of Clonorchis sinensis was partially purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and subsequently by a column chromatographic steps. The purified protein was separated into 7 and 8 kDa protein bands through SDS-tricine gel electrophoresis, while the protein was found to migrate to a 8 kDa band in 7.5-15% SDS-PAGE. The molecular weight of the antigen was estimated to be 110 kDa by Superose 6 HR 10/30 gel filtration. The purified antigen strongly reacted with the human sera of clonorchiasis. The hyperimmune sera of BALB/c mice immunized against the 8 kDa protein were reacted with both the crude extract and the excretory-secretory product of adult worms, but not with the metacercarial extract. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that the protein was distributed to the tegument and subtegumental cells and also to the seminal receptacle. The present findings suggest that the 8 kDa protein is a partition of the multicomplex protein originating from various organs of adult C. sinensis, and that it is composed of several 7 and 8 kDa proteins.

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Experimental Parasitology.2013; 135(2): 287. CrossRef
Serodiagnostic applicability of recombinant antigens of Clonorchis sinensis expressed by wheat germ cell-free protein synthesis system
Chenghua Shen, Jong-Ae Lee, Sonia Refaat Ahmed Allam, Young Mee Bae, Eun-Taek Han, Satoru Takeo, Takafumi Tsuboi, Sung-Tae Hong, Min-Ho Choi
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease.2009; 64(3): 334. CrossRef
Identification of a serodiagnostic antigen, legumain, by immunoproteomic analysis of excretory‐secretory products of Clonorchis sinensis adult worms
Jung‐Won Ju, Hyun‐Na Joo, Myoung‐Ro Lee, Shin‐Hyeong Cho, Hyeng‐Il Cheun, Jung‐Yeon Kim, Young‐Hee Lee, Kwang‐Jun Lee, Woon‐Mok Sohn, Dong‐Min Kim, Il‐Chul Kim, Byoung Chul Park, Tong‐Soo Kim
PROTEOMICS.2009; 9(11): 3066. CrossRef
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2004; 42(4): 169. CrossRef
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Excretory-secretory antigen is better than crude antigen for the serodiagnosis of clonorchiasis by ELISA
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Purification of a 68-kDa cysteine proteinase from crude extract of Pneumocystis carinii: Min-Ho Choi, Byung-Suk Chung, Young-Bae Chung, Jae-Ran Yu, Sang Rock Cho, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2000;38(3):159-166.
Published online September 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2000.38.3.159

Abstract
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The present study intended to verify activities of cysteine proteinase of Pneumocystis carinii from rats and to purify the enzyme. In order to exclude the contamination of host-derived enzymes, concentrates of P. carinii was primarily treated with a mixture of proteinase inhibitors before lysis of P. carinii. A 68-kDa cysteine proteinase was finally purified from the crude extract of P. carinii by 4 sequential chromatographic methods. The enzyme showed an optimal activity at pH 5.5 in 0.1 M sodium acetate, and its activity was specifically inhibited by L-trans-epoxysuccinylleucylamido (4-guanidino) butane (E-64) and iodoacetic acid, suggesting that the enzyme is a cysteine proteinase. The 68-kDa proteinase weakly digested macromolecules such as collagen, hemoglobin and fibronectin. The present study demonstrated the activity of cysteine proteinase at the 68-kDa band of P. carinii, and purified and characterized the molecule.

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Comparative Genomics Suggests that the Fungal Pathogen Pneumocystis Is an Obligate Parasite Scavenging Amino Acids from Its Host's Lungs
Philippe M. Hauser, Frédéric X. Burdet, Ousmane H. Cissé, Laurent Keller, Patrick Taffé, Dominique Sanglard, Marco Pagni, Jason E. Stajich
PLoS ONE.2010; 5(12): e15152. CrossRef
Characterization of a Novel ADAM Protease Expressed byPneumocystis carinii
Cassie C. Kennedy, Theodore J. Kottom, Andrew H. Limper
Infection and Immunity.2009; 77(8): 3328. CrossRef

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Genetic heterogeneity of Pneumocystis carinii from rats of several regions and strains: Byung-Suk Chung, Yun-Kyu Pars, Sun Huh, Jae-Ran Yu, Jin Kim, Xiaohua Shi, Sang Rock Cho, Soon-Hyung Lee, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2000;38(3):151-158.
Published online September 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2000.38.3.151

Abstract
PDF

Pneumocystis carinii is a major opportunistic pathogen which has been found in the lungs of a wide variety of mammalian host species, and the fact suggests the possibility of intraspecific variation. Until now, P. carinii from different mammalian species are differentiated as subspecies, and the rats are known to be infected by two subspecies. The present study investigated genetic heterogeneity of P. carinii isolates from two strains of rats in Korea and China by molecular karyotyping, RFLP and sequencing analysis. Karyotypes of P. carinii were grouped into three, two from two strains of rats in Korea and one from rats in China. However RFLP of PCR product of ribosomal and MSG gene of the P. carinii isolates showed same pattern. The sequence homology rates of α-tubulin DNA of the P. carinii isolates were 96% in Seoul Wistar rats, 93% in Seoul Sprague-Dawley rats, and 85% in Chinese Sprague-Dawley rats. The present finding confirmed that P. carinii from rats in Korea are grouped into two karyotype strains which are different from that of P. carinii from rats in China. The Chinese isolate shows a little different sequences of α-tubulin DNA.

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Brief Communication

Partial characterization of a 17 kDa protein of Clonorchis sinensis: Young-Bae Chung, Byung-Suk Chung, Min-Ho Choi, Jong-Yil Chai, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2000;38(2):95-97.
Published online June 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2000.38.2.95

Abstract
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A 17 kDa protein from Clonorchis sinensis adults was purified by a procedure including Sephacryl S-200 HR gel filtration and Q-Sepharose anion exchange chromatography. The protein was proved to be a cysteine protease as it showed hydrolytic activity toward Cbz-Phe-Arg-AMC in the presence of dithiothreitol and was inhibited by specific inhibitors such as iodoacetic acid or trans epoxy-succinly-L-leucyl-amido(4-guanidino) butane. The polyclonal antibody raised against the protein reacted to 17 kDa proteins of trematodes such as Paragonimus westermani, Fasciola hepatica, Opisthorchis viverrini, Gymnophalloides seoi, and Metagonimus yokogawai. The antibody recognized the 17 kDa and 16 kDa cysteine proteases purified from C. sinensis, P. westermani, and G. seoi as well. These results suggest that the 17 kDa protein may be a cysteine protease commonly present in trematodes.

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