Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense"

Original Article

Molecular Identification of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense from 3 Human Cases in Heilongjiang Province with a Brief Literature Review in China: Weizhe Zhang, Fei Che, Song Tian, Jing Shu, Xiaoli Zhang; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(6):683-688.
Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.683

Abstract
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Human diphyllobothriasis is a widespread fish-borne zoonosis caused by the infection with broad tapeworms belonging to the genus Diphyllobothrium. In mainland China, so far 20 human cases of Diphyllobothrium infections have been reported, and the etiologic species were identified as D. latum and D. nihonkaiense based on morphological characteristics or molecular analysis. In the present study, proglottids of diphyllobothriid tapeworms from 3 human cases that occurred in Heilongjiang Province, China were identified as D. nihonkaiense by sequencing mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (nad5) genes. Two different cox1 gene sequences were obtained. One sequence showed 100% homology with those from humans in Japan. The remaining cox1 gene sequence and 2 different nad5 gene sequences obtained were not described previously, and might reflect endemic genetic characterizations. D. nihonkaiense might also be a major causative species of human diphyllobothriasis in China. Meanwhile, the finding of the first pediatric case of D. nihonkaiense infection in China suggests that infants infected with D. nihonkaiense should not be ignored.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dietary footprints of a global parasite: diagnosing Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis in non-endemic regions
Wilson G.W. Goh, Jean-Marc Chavatte, Gabriel Z.R. Yan, Yuan Yi Constance Chen, Mark Dhinesh Muthiah, Lionel H.W. Lum
Gut Pathogens.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Identification of Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis plerocercoids from the autumn chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta of the Amur River basin by molecular datas
A. G. Dragomeretskaya, Yu. I. Moskvina, V. O. Kotova, L. V. Butakova, S. I. Gaer, O. E. Trotsenko, E. V. Podorozhnyuk
Russian Journal of Parasitology.2024; 18(4): 388. CrossRef
Epidemiology ofDiphyllobothrium nihonkaienseDiphyllobothriasis, Japan, 2001–2016
Hiroshi Ikuno, Shinkichi Akao, Hiroshi Yamasaki
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Four Human Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense (Eucestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) in China with a Brief Review of Chinese Cases
Yu-Chun Cai, Shao-Hong Chen, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Jia-Xu Chen, Yan Lu, Yong-Nian Zhang, Hao Li, Lin Ai, Hai-Ning Chen
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(3): 319. CrossRef
Intestinal cestodes
Camille Webb, Miguel M. Cabada
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases.2017; 30(5): 504. CrossRef

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Case Reports

Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense Infections in a Family: Young Bin Go, Eun Hye Lee, Jaeeun Cho, Seoyun Choi, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(1):109-112.
Published online February 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.1.109

Abstract
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Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense are morphologically similar to each other, and only genetic method can differentiate clearly between the 2 species. A strobila of diphyllobothriid tapeworm discharged from a 7-year-old boy was analyzed to identify the species by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene sequencing. He and his family (total 4 persons) ate slices of 3 kinds of raw fish 16 days before visiting our outpatient clinic. All family members complained of abdominal pain and watery diarrhea. They all expelled tapeworm strobilae in their stools. They were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel and then complained of no more symptoms. The cox1 gene sequencing of the strobila from the boy revealed 99.9% (687/688 bp) similarity with D. nihonkaiense and only 93.2% (641/688 bp) similarity with D. latum. Thus, we assigned this tapeworm as D. nihonkaiense. This is the first report of D. nihonkaiense infection in a family in Korea, and this report includes the 8th pediatric case in Korea. The current report is meaningful because D. nihonkaiense infection within a family is rare.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dietary footprints of a global parasite: diagnosing Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis in non-endemic regions
Wilson G.W. Goh, Jean-Marc Chavatte, Gabriel Z.R. Yan, Yuan Yi Constance Chen, Mark Dhinesh Muthiah, Lionel H.W. Lum
Gut Pathogens.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Tapeworm Infection Diagnosed after Campylobacter jejuni-induced Enteritis
Sotaro Ozaka, Ryusuke Soma, Haruhiko Takahashi, Yuta Shimomori, Masahide Fukuda, Koshiro Tsutsumi, Yuka Hirashita, Kensuke Fukuda, Ryo Ogawa, Kazuhiro Mizukami, Yomei Kagoshima, Nozomi Sachi, Naganori Kamiyama, Hideo Hasegawa, Takashi Kobayashi, Masaaki K
Internal Medicine.2024; 63(21): 2939. CrossRef
Epidemiology ofDiphyllobothrium nihonkaienseDiphyllobothriasis, Japan, 2001–2016
Hiroshi Ikuno, Shinkichi Akao, Hiroshi Yamasaki
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGIC LITERATURE, 1990–2015, ON WILDLIFE-ASSOCIATED DISEASES FROM THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Jusun Hwang, Kyunglee Lee, Young-Jun Kim, Jonathan M. Sleeman, Hang Lee
Journal of Wildlife Diseases.2017; 53(1): 5. CrossRef

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Four Additional Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense Infection Confirmed by Analysis of COX1 Gene in Korea: Sang Hyun Park, Hyeong Kyu Jeon, Jin Bong Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(1):105-108.
Published online February 27, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.1.105

Abstract
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Most of the diphyllobothriid tapeworms isolated from human samples in the Republic of Korea (= Korea) have been identified as Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense by genetic analysis. This paper reports confirmation of D. nihonkaiense infections in 4 additional human samples obtained between 1995 and 2014, which were analyzed at the Department of Parasitology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Korea. Analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (cox1) gene revealed a 98.5-99.5% similarity with a reference D. nihonkaiense sequence in GenBank. The present report adds 4 cases of D. nihonkaiense infections to the literature, indicating that the dominant diphyllobothriid tapeworm species in Korea is D. nihonkaiense but not D. latum.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dietary footprints of a global parasite: diagnosing Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis in non-endemic regions
Wilson G.W. Goh, Jean-Marc Chavatte, Gabriel Z.R. Yan, Yuan Yi Constance Chen, Mark Dhinesh Muthiah, Lionel H.W. Lum
Gut Pathogens.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Human diphyllobothriosis in Taiwan: A review of cases and molecular evidence of Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis
Chia-Kwung Fan, Daniel Barčák, Tomáš Scholz, Pasaikou Sonko, Martina Orosová, Kua-Eyre Su, Chun-Chao Chang, Yuarn-Jang Lee, Roman Kuchta, Mikuláš Oros
Food and Waterborne Parasitology.2023; 33: e00213. CrossRef
Population genetic structure of diphyllobothriid tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidea) parasitising fish in the Baikal Rift Zone
IA Kutyrev, VA Mordvinov
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms.2022; 148: 113. CrossRef
Molecular Identification of Diphyllobothrium latum from a Pediatric Case in Taiwan
Yu-Chin An, Chia-Cheng Sung, Chih-Chien Wang, Hsin-Chung Lin, Kuang-Yao Chen, Fu-Man Ku, Ruei-Min Chen, Mei-Li Chen, Kuo-Yang Huang
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(4): 425. CrossRef
Four Human Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense (Eucestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) in China with a Brief Review of Chinese Cases
Yu-Chun Cai, Shao-Hong Chen, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Jia-Xu Chen, Yan Lu, Yong-Nian Zhang, Hao Li, Lin Ai, Hai-Ning Chen
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(3): 319. CrossRef
Molecular Identification of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense from 3 Human Cases in Heilongjiang Province with a Brief Literature Review in China
Weizhe Zhang, Fei Che, Song Tian, Jing Shu, Xiaoli Zhang
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 683. CrossRef

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Extracorporeal Worm Extraction of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense with Amidotrizoic Acid in a Child: Hye Kyung Shin, Joo-Hyung Roh, Jae-Won Oh, Jae-Sook Ryu, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Dong-Il Chung, Yong Joo Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):677-680.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.677

Abstract
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Infection cases of diphyllobothriid tapeworms are not much in the below teen-age group. We report a case of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense infection in a 13-year-old boy. He presented with severe fatigue, occasional abdominal pain at night time. He also had several episodes of tapeworm segment discharge in his stools. By his past history, he had frequently eaten raw fish including salmon and trout with his families. Numerous eggs of diphyllobothriid tapeworm were detected in the fecal examination. We introduced amidotrizoic acid as a cathartic agent through nasogastroduodenal tube and let nearly whole length (4.75 m) of D. nihonkaiense be excreted through his anus. After a single dose of praziquantel, the child's stool showed no further eggs, and his symptoms disappeared. The evacuated worm was identified as D. nihonkaiense by mitochondrial cox1 gene analysis. Here we report a successful extracorporeal worm extraction from an infection case of D. nihonkaiense by the injection of amidotrizoic acid.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense: wide egg size variation in 32 molecularly confirmed adult specimens from Korea
Seoyun Choi, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Deok-Gyu Kim, Sarah Jiyoun Jeon, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasitology Research.2015; 114(6): 2129. CrossRef

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Three Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense Infection in Korea: Hong-Ja Kim, Keeseon S. Eom, Min Seo; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):673-676.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.673

Abstract
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Until 2012, a total of 48 cases of diphyllobothriasis had been reported in Korea, all of which were morphologically identified as Diphyllobothrium latum. However, some of these specimens were analyzed by nucleotide sequencing of the mitochondrial cox1 gene, which showed that all were D. nihonkaiense, not D. latum. After that, 3 further cases of diphyllobothriasis were confirmed as D. nihonkaiense. In the present study, 3 new cases of D. nihonkaiense were detected from 2011 through 2013. The hosts were infected through consumption of salmonid fishes, such as the trout or salmon, and 2 of them experienced severe diarrhea prior to proglottid passage. All of the tapeworms were confirmed to be D. nihonkaiense by genetic identification. This proved again that most diphyllobothriasis in Korea have been caused by D. nihonkaiense.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Locally acquired infection with Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiense (=Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense) in France: the importance of molecular diagnosis
Valentin Greigert, Julie Brunet, Alexander W. Pfaff, Jean-Philippe Lemoine, Ermanno Candolfi, Ahmed Abou-Bacar
Parasitology Research.2020; 119(2): 513. CrossRef
Epidemiology ofDiphyllobothrium nihonkaienseDiphyllobothriasis, Japan, 2001–2016
Hiroshi Ikuno, Shinkichi Akao, Hiroshi Yamasaki
Emerging Infectious Diseases.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular Identification of Diphyllobothrium latum from a Pediatric Case in Taiwan
Yu-Chin An, Chia-Cheng Sung, Chih-Chien Wang, Hsin-Chung Lin, Kuang-Yao Chen, Fu-Man Ku, Ruei-Min Chen, Mei-Li Chen, Kuo-Yang Huang
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(4): 425. CrossRef
Eggs as a Suitable Tool for Species Diagnosis of Causative Agents of Human Diphyllobothriosis (Cestoda)
Kateřina Leštinová, Miroslava Soldánová, Tomáš Scholz, Roman Kuchta, Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2016; 10(5): e0004721. CrossRef
Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense: wide egg size variation in 32 molecularly confirmed adult specimens from Korea
Seoyun Choi, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Deok-Gyu Kim, Sarah Jiyoun Jeon, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasitology Research.2015; 114(6): 2129. CrossRef
Molecular Identification of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense from 3 Human Cases in Heilongjiang Province with a Brief Literature Review in China
Weizhe Zhang, Fei Che, Song Tian, Jing Shu, Xiaoli Zhang
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 683. CrossRef

14,186 View
87 Download
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Two Human Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense Infection in Korea: Su-Min Song, Hye-Won Yang, Min Kyu Jung, Jun Heo, Chang Min Cho, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Yeonchul Hong, Dong-Il Chung; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(2):197-199.
Published online April 18, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.2.197

Abstract
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Diphyllobothrium latum and Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense are the 2 reported main causes of human diphyllobothriasis in the Republic of Korea. However, the differentiation of these 2 species based on morphologic features alone is difficult. The authors used nucleotide sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene to diagnose Diphyllobothrium spp. Two patients visited the emergency room at Kyungpook National University Hospital on 3 April and 12 April 2013, respectively, with fragments of parasites found while defecating. The parasites were identified as Diphyllobothrium spp. based on morphologic characteristics, and subsequent cox1 gene sequencing showed 99.9% similarity (1,478/1,480 bp) with D. nihonkaiense. Our findings support the hypothesis that D. nihonkaiense is a dominant species in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense: wide egg size variation in 32 molecularly confirmed adult specimens from Korea
Seoyun Choi, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Deok-Gyu Kim, Sarah Jiyoun Jeon, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasitology Research.2015; 114(6): 2129. CrossRef
Three Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense Infection in Korea
Hong-Ja Kim, Keeseon S. Eom, Min Seo
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(6): 673. CrossRef
Extracorporeal Worm Extraction of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense with Amidotrizoic Acid in a Child
Hye Kyung Shin, Joo-Hyung Roh, Jae-Won Oh, Jae-Sook Ryu, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Dong-Il Chung, Yong Joo Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(6): 677. CrossRef

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A Case of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense Infection as Confirmed by Mitochondrial COX1 Gene Sequence Analysis: Sang Hyun Park, Keeseon S. Eom, Min Sun Park, Oh Kyoung Kwon, Hyo Sun Kim, Jai Hoon Yoon; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(4):471-473.
Published online August 30, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.4.471

Abstract
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Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense has been reported in Korea as Diphyllobothrium latum because of their close morphologic resemblance. We have identified a human case of D. nihonkaiense infection using the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) gene sequence analysis. On 18 February 2012, a patient who had consumed raw fish a month earlier visited our outpatient clinic with a long tapeworm parasite excreted in the feces. The body of the segmented worm was 2 m long and divided into the scolex (head) and proglottids. It was morphologically close to D. nihonkaiense and D. latum. The cox1 gene analysis showed 99.4% (340/342 bp) homology with D. nihonkaiense but only 91.8% (314/342 bp) homology with D. latum. The present study suggested that the Diphyllobothrium spp. infection in Korea should be analyzed with specific DNA sequence for an accurate species identification.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dietary footprints of a global parasite: diagnosing Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis in non-endemic regions
Wilson G.W. Goh, Jean-Marc Chavatte, Gabriel Z.R. Yan, Yuan Yi Constance Chen, Mark Dhinesh Muthiah, Lionel H.W. Lum
Gut Pathogens.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Repertory of eukaryotes (eukaryome) in the human gastrointestinal tract: taxonomy and detection methods
I. Hamad, D. Raoult, F. Bittar
Parasite Immunology.2016; 38(1): 12. CrossRef
Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense: wide egg size variation in 32 molecularly confirmed adult specimens from Korea
Seoyun Choi, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Deok-Gyu Kim, Sarah Jiyoun Jeon, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasitology Research.2015; 114(6): 2129. CrossRef
Three Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense Infection in Korea
Hong-Ja Kim, Keeseon S. Eom, Min Seo
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(6): 673. CrossRef
Extracorporeal Worm Extraction of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense with Amidotrizoic Acid in a Child
Hye Kyung Shin, Joo-Hyung Roh, Jae-Won Oh, Jae-Sook Ryu, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Dong-Il Chung, Yong Joo Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(6): 677. CrossRef
Two Human Cases of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense Infection in Korea
Su-Min Song, Hye-Won Yang, Min Kyu Jung, Jun Heo, Chang Min Cho, Youn-Kyoung Goo, Yeonchul Hong, Dong-Il Chung
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(2): 197. CrossRef
Parasitic Infections Based on 320 Clinical Samples Submitted to Hanyang University, Korea (2004-2011)
Sung-Chul Choi, Soo-Young Lee, Hyun-Ouk Song, Jae-Sook Ryu, Myoung-Hee Ahn
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2014; 52(2): 215. CrossRef

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Original Article

Morphologic and Genetic Identification of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense in Korea: Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Kyu-Heon Kim, Sun Huh, Jong-Yil Chai, Duk-Young Min, Han-Jong Rim, Keeseon S. Eom; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(4):369-375.
Published online December 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.4.369

Abstract
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Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense was first described by Yamane in 1986 but the taxonomical features have been obscure due to lack of critical morphologic criteria in its larval and adult stages. In Korea, this tapeworm had long been known as Diphyllobothrium latum. In this study, we observed 62 specimens collected from Korean residents and analyzed them by morphological features and nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cox1 gene as well as the ITS1 region. Adult tapeworms were examined after carmine or trichrome stain. Longitudinal sections of the gravid proglottids showed an obtuse angle of about 150 degree between the cirrus sac and seminal vesicle. This angle is known as a major differential point compared with that of D. latum. Nucleotide sequence differences between D. latum and the specimens from Koreans represented 17.3% in mitochondrial DNA cox1 gene. Sequence divergence of ITS1 among 4 Korean isolates was 0.3% and similarity was 99.7% with D. nihonkaiense and D. klebanovskii. All of the Korean specimens analyzed in this study were identified as being D. nihonkaiense (n = 62). We propose its Korean name as "Dong-hae-gin-chon-chung" which means 'long tapeworm of the East Sea' for this newly analyzed diphyllobothriid tapeworm in Korea.

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Dietary footprints of a global parasite: diagnosing Dibothriocephalus nihonkaiensis in non-endemic regions
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Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense: wide egg size variation in 32 molecularly confirmed adult specimens from Korea
Seoyun Choi, Jaeeun Cho, Bong-Kwang Jung, Deok-Gyu Kim, Sarah Jiyoun Jeon, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Keeseon S. Eom, Jong-Yil Chai
Parasitology Research.2015; 114(6): 2129. CrossRef
Molecular Identification of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense from 3 Human Cases in Heilongjiang Province with a Brief Literature Review in China
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The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2015; 53(6): 683. CrossRef
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Extracorporeal Worm Extraction of Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense with Amidotrizoic Acid in a Child
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