Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"TAS"

Original Articles

Molecular Markers for Sulfadoxine/Pyrimethamine and Chloroquine Resistance in Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand: Jiraporn Kuesap, Nutnicha Suphakhonchuwong, Lertluk Kalawong, Natthaya Khumchum; Korean J Parasitol 2022;60(2):109-116.
Published online April 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2022.60.2.109

Abstract
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Drug resistance is an important problem hindering malaria elimination in tropical areas. Point mutations in Plasmodium falciparum dihydrofolate reductase (Pfdhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (Pfdhps) genes confer resistance to antifolate drug, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) while P. falciparum chloroquine-resistant transporter (Pfcrt) genes caused resistance to chloroquine (CQ). Decline in Pfdhfr/Pfdhps and Pfcrt mutations after withdrawal of SP and CQ has been reported. The aim of present study was to investigate the prevalence of Pfdhfr, Pfdhps, and Pfcrt mutation from 2 endemic areas of Thailand. All of 200 blood samples collected from western area (Thai-Myanmar) and southern area (Thai-Malaysian) contained multiple mutations in Pfdhfr and Pfdhps genes. The most prevalent haplotypes for Pfdhfr and Pfdhps were quadruple and double mutations, respectively. The quadruple and triple mutations of Pfdhfr and Pfdhps were common in western samples, whereas low frequency of triple and double mutations was found in southern samples, respectively. The Pfcrt 76T mutation was present in all samples examined. Malaria isolated from 2 different endemic regions of Thailand had high mutation rates in the Pfdhfr, Pfdhps, and Pfcrt genes. These findings highlighted the fixation of mutant alleles causing resistance of SP and CQ in this area. It is necessary to monitor the re-emergence of SP and CQ sensitive parasites in this area.

Citations

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Assessing fitness costs in malaria parasites: a comprehensive review and implications for drug resistance management
Xyonane Segovia, Bhavya Srivastava, Sergio Serrato-Arroyo, Ashley Guerrero, Silvie Huijben
Malaria Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Plasmodium falciparum dhps and dhfr markers of resistance to sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine five years (2016–2020) after the implementation of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Cameroon
Pacome V. K. Tchuenkam, Lesley N. Ngum, Innocent M. Ali, Jean Paul K. Chedjou, Akindeh M. Nji, Palmer M. Netongo, Randolph Ngwafor, Peter Thelma N. Niba, Calvino F. Tah, William D. Nana, Germaine Ekoyol, Jude D. Bigoga, Dorothy F. Ashu, Christopher B. Tum
Wellcome Open Research.2024; 9: 323. CrossRef
Exploring the Recent Pioneering Developments of Small Molecules in Antimalarial Drug Armamentarium: A Chemistry Prospective Appraisal
Tameika Bagratee, Ritika Prawlall, Thabani Ndlovu, Sinqobile Sibisi, Sisa Ndadane, Baji Baba Shaik, Mahesh B. Palkar, Raghavachary Gampa, Rajshekhar Karpoormath
Chemistry & Biodiversity.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
In vitro efficacy of next-generation dihydrotriazines and biguanides against babesiosis and malaria parasites
Pratap Vydyam, Meenal Chand, Shalev Gihaz, Isaline Renard, Gavin D. Heffernan, Laura R. Jacobus, David P. Jacobus, Kurt W. Saionz, Raju Shah, Hong-Ming Shieh, Jacek Terpinski, Wenyi Zhao, Emmanuel Cornillot, Choukri Ben Mamoun, Audrey Odom John
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Antimalarial drug sulfadoxine induces gametocytogenesis in Plasmodium berghei
Wihda Aisarul Azmi, Andita Fitri Mutiara Rizki, Achmad Shidiq, Yenny Djuardi, I Made Artika, Josephine Elizabeth Siregar
Malaria Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence of molecular markers of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from West Africa during 2012–2022
Ruimin Zhou, Suhua Li, Penghui Ji, Shucheng Ruan, Ying Liu, Chengyun Yang, Dan Qian, Zhiquan He, Dan Wang, Deling Lu, Hongwei Zhang, Yan Deng
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A snapshot of the prevalence of dihydropteroate synthase-431V mutation and other sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistance markers in Plasmodium falciparum isolates in Nigeria
Adebanjo J. Adegbola, Omotade A. Ijarotimi, Akaninyene E. Ubom, Bukola A. Adesoji, Olajide E. Babalola, Emma F. Hocke, Helle Hansson, Andria Mousa, Oluseye O. Bolaji, Michael Alifrangis, Cally Roper
Malaria Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Current development of 1,2,3-triazole derived potential antimalarial scaffolds: Structure- activity relationship (SAR) and bioactive compounds
S. Maheen Abdul Rahman, Jasvinder Singh Bhatti, Suresh Thareja, Vikramdeep Monga
European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry.2023; 259: 115699. CrossRef

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Risk of Recrudescence of Lymphatic Filariasis after Post-MDA Surveillance in Brugia malayi Endemic Belitung District, Indonesia: Santoso, Yahya, Yanelza Supranelfy, Nungki Hapsari Suryaningtyas, Yulian Taviv, Aprioza Yenni, Maya Arisanti, Rika Mayasari, Vivin Mahdalena, Rizki Nurmaliani, Marini, K. Krishnamoorthy, Helena Ullyartha Pangaribuan; Korean J Parasitol 2020;58(6):627-634.
Published online December 29, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.627

Abstract
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Belitung district in Bangka-Belitung Province, Indonesia with a population of 0.27 million is endemic for Brugia malayi and 5 rounds of mass drug administration (MDA) were completed by 2010. Based on the results of 3 transmission assessment surveys (TAS), the district is declared as achieving elimination of lymphatic filariasis (LF) in 2017. The findings of an independent survey conducted by the National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD) in the same year showed microfilaria (Mf) prevalence of 1.3% in this district. In 2019, NIHRD conducted microfilaria survey in 2 villages in Belitung district. Screening of 311 and 360 individuals in Lasar and Suak Gual villages showed Mf prevalence of 5.1% and 2.2% with mean Mf density of 120 and 354 mf/ml in the respective villages. Mf prevalence was significantly higher among farmers and fishermen compared to others and the gender specific difference was not significant. The results of a questionnaire based interview showed that 62.4% of the respondents reported to have participated in MDA in Lasar while it was 57.7% in Suak Gual village. About 42% of the Mf positive cases did not participate in MDA. Environmental surveys identified many swampy areas supporting the breeding of Mansonia vector species. Persistence of infection is evident and in the event of successful TAS3 it is necessary to monitor the situation and plan for focal MDA. Appropriate surveillance strategies including xenomonitoring in post-MDA situations need to be developed to prevent resurgence of infection. Possible role of animal reservoirs is discussed.

Citations

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Lymphatic filariasis transmission 10 years after stopping mass drug administration in the Gomoa west district of Ghana
Christian Akuamoah Boateng, Millicent Selassie Afatodzie, Angus McLure, Bethel Kwansa-Bentum, Dziedzom K. de Souza
International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2025; 152: 107790. CrossRef
Xenomonitoring as an epidemiological tool supporting post-stop surveillance of albendazole-ivermectin mass drug distribution in the Bougouni-Yanfolila evaluation unit, Sikasso, Mali, in 2023
Lamine Soumaoro, Housseini Dolo, Yaya Ibrahim Coulibaly, Siaka Yamoussa Coulibaly, Salif Seriba Doumbia, Moussa Sangaré, Abdallah Amadou Diallo, Abdoul Fatah Diabaté, Michel Emmanuel Coulibaly, Ibrahima Dolo, Massitan Dembélé, Alpha Seydou Yaro, Thomas Nu
BMC Infectious Diseases.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Current perspectives in the epidemiology and control of lymphatic filariasis
Dziedzom K. de Souza, Moses J. Bockarie, Louisa A. Messenger
Clinical Microbiology Reviews.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluating the effectiveness of mass drug administration on lymphatic filariasis transmission and assessment of post-mass drug administration surveillance in Nigeria’s Federal Capital Territory
Juliana Ajuma Amanyi-Enegela, Joseph Kumbur, Faizah Okunade, Donald Ashikeni, Rinpan Ishaya, Girija Sankar, William Enan Adamani, Moses Aderogba, Louise Makau-Barasa, Achai Emmanuel, Bosede Eunice Ogundipe, Chinwe Okoye, Babar Qureshi
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Field Validation of Post-MDA LF Surveillance by using Molecular Xeno-monitoring: Preliminary Study in Belitung District, Indonesia
Tri Wahono, Mara Ipa, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito, Yuneu Yuliasih, Agung Puja Kesuma, Muhammad Fajri Rokhmad, Sunardi Sunardi, Hafiz Permana Putra
Journal of Multidisciplinary Applied Natural Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
A Review of Bed Nets Usage and Sewerage Conditions as Risk Factors for Lymphatic Filariasis in Developing Countries
Muhafasya Karunia Azzahra, Diva Alishya Shafwah, Cresti Sukmadevi Sondakh, Retno Adriyani
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN .2024; 16(1): 89. CrossRef
Lymphatic Filariasis Elimination Status: Wuchereria bancrofti Infections in Human Populations after Five Effective Rounds of Mass Drug Administration in Zambia
Belem Blamwell Matapo, Evans Mwila Mpabalwani, Patrick Kaonga, Martin Chitolongo Simuunza, Nathan Bakyaita, Freddie Masaninga, Namasiku Siyumbwa, Seter Siziya, Frank Shamilimo, Chilweza Muzongwe, Enala T. Mwase, Chummy Sikalizyo Sikasunge
Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(7): 333. CrossRef
Vector Surveillance for Lymphatic Filariasis After Mass Drug Administration in an Endemic Area: A Case Study in Bekasi
Endang Puji Astuti, Joni Hendri, Mara Ipa, Andri Ruliansyah, Triwibowo Ambar Garjito
JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN .2023; 15(2): 134. CrossRef
Finding and eliminating the reservoirs: Engage and treat, and test and treat strategies for lymphatic filariasis programs to overcome endgame challenges
Dziedzom K. de Souza, Joseph Otchere, Jeffrey G. Sumboh, Odame Asiedu, Joseph Opare, Kofi Asemanyi-Mensah, Daniel A. Boakye, Katherine M. Gass, Elizabeth F. Long, Collins S. Ahorlu
Frontiers in Tropical Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Report

A Case of Pentastomiasis at the Left Maxilla Bone in a Patient with Thyroid Cancer: Eunae Sandra Cho, Seung Wook Jung, Hwi-Dong Jung, In Yong Lee, Tai-Soon Yong, Su Jin Jeong, Hyun Sil Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(4):433-437.
Published online August 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.4.433

Abstract
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Pentastomiasis, a zoonotic parasite infection, is typically found in the respiratory tract and viscera of the host, including humans. Here, we report for the first time an extremely rare case of intraosseous pentastomiasis in the human maxilla suffering from medication related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). A 55-year-old male had continuously visited the hospital for MRONJ which had primarily developed after bisphosphonate and anti-neoplastic administration for previous bone metastasis of medullary thyroid cancer. Pain, bone exposure, and pus discharge in the right mandible and left maxilla were seen. Osteolysis with maxillary cortical bone perforation at the left buccal vestibule, palate, nasal cavity, and maxillary sinus was observed by radiologic images. A biopsy was done at the left maxilla and through pathological evaluation, a parasite with features of pentastome was revealed within the necrotic bone tissue. Further history taking and laboratory evaluation was done. The parasite was suspected to be infected through maxillary open wounds caused by MRONJ. Awareness of intraosseous pentastomiasis should be emphasized not to be missed behind the MRONJ. Proper evaluation and interpretation for past medical history may lead to correct differential diagnosis and therapeutic intervention for parasite infections.

Citations

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Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: A Systematic Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Filipa Frutuoso, Filipe Freitas, Miguel Vilares, Helena Francisco, Duarte Marques, João Caramês, André Moreira
Diseases.2024; 12(9): 205. CrossRef
Cancerogenic parasites in veterinary medicine: a narrative literature review
Niccolò Fonti, Francesca Parisi, Francesca Mancianti, Giulia Freer, Alessandro Poli
Infectious Agents and Cancer.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Morphological and molecular description of Armillifer moniliformis larvae isolated from Sri Lankan brown palm civet (Paradoxurus montanus)
C. Rajapaksha, A. P. Amarasinghe, S. Fernando, R. P. V. J. Rajapakse, D. Tappe, S. Wickramasinghe
Parasitology Research.2020; 119(3): 773. CrossRef
Answer to January 2021 Photo Quiz
Damien Costa, Pascal Rottenberg, Emmanuel Toure, Pascal Delaunay, Loic Favennec, Gilles Gargala, Erik Munson
Journal of Clinical Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Identifikasi Parasit Pentastomida pada Biawak Air (Varanus salvator) yang akan dikonsumsi
Andhika Yudhantama Subroto, I Komang Wiarsa Sardjana, Moh Sukmanadi, E Djoko Poetranto, Kusnoto Kusnoto, Agus Sunarso
Journal of Parasite Science.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Capecitabine/everolimus/zoledronic acid

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Brief Communication

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of a Tongue Worm Armillifer agkistrodontis: Jian Li, Fu-Nan He, Hong-Xiang Zheng, Rui-Xiang Zhang, Yi-Jing Ren, Wei Hu; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(6):813-817.
Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.813

Armillifer agkistrodontis (Ichthyostraca: Pantastomida) is a parasitic pathogen, only reported in China, which can cause a zoonotic disease, pentastomiasis. A complete mitochondrial (mt) genome was 16,521 bp comprising 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 1 non-coding region (NCR). A phylogenetic tree drawn with the concatenated amino acid sequences of the 6 conserved PCGs (atp6, cox1-3, and nad2) showed that A. agkistrodontis and Armillifer armillatus constituted a clade Pentastomida which was a sister group of the Branchiura. The complete mt genome sequence of A. agkistrodontis provides important genetic markers for both phylogenetic and epidemiological studies of pentastomids.

Citations

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New information on adults pentastomids (Crustacea: Pentastomida) found in ophidians from Argentina: Insights from 28S rDNA and COI mtDNA
Martin Miguel Montes, Exequiel Oscar Furlan, Jorge Adrian Barneche, Clara Vercellini, Tomas Acuña Gonzalez, Marina Ibañez Shimabukuro, Vanesa Arzamendia
Systematic Parasitology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
First complete mitochondrial genome of Armillifer moniliformis (Pentastomida: Porocephalida) isolated from a human case in Northern Thailand: comparative and phylogenetic analyses
Thanapat Pataradool, Padet Siriyasatien, Woraporn Sukhumavasi, Saruda Tiwananthagorn, Chusana Suankratay, Kanok Preativatanyou
Parasitology Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Linguatula serrata in an imported dog in Germany: Single-case or emerging disease?
Maxi Berberich, Thomas Grochow, Nadine Roßner, Ronald Schmäschke, Zaida Rentería-Solís
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2022; 30: 100717. CrossRef
The complete mitochondrial genome of the pentastomid Linguatula arctica (Pentastomida) from reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) in Northern Norway
José Horacio Grau, Jason A. Dunlop, Martin Meixner, Dennis Tappe, Bjørn Gjerde
Mitochondrial DNA Part B.2020; 5(3): 3438. CrossRef
Detection of a Larva of Armillifer armillatus in a Potto (Perodicticus potto) from the Republic of the Congo
Thomas Lemarcis, Cédric Benjamin Chesnais, Sébastien David Serge Pion, Michel Boussinesq, Sabrina Locatelli
Journal of Parasitology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
The complete mitochondrial genome of Linguatula serrata (tongue worm) isolated from a dog and phylogenetic analysis
Tanian Naude, Sameer Pant, Mousa Tavassoli, Subir Sarker, Seyed Ali Ghorashi
Mitochondrial DNA Part B.2018; 3(1): 357. CrossRef
The complete mitochondrial genome of the pentastomid Armillifer grandis (Pentastomida) from the Democratic Republic of Congo
José Horacio Grau, Jason A. Dunlop, Martin Meixner, Dennis Tappe
Mitochondrial DNA Part B.2017; 2(1): 287. CrossRef
Current Understanding of Ecdysozoa and its Internal Phylogenetic Relationships
Gonzalo Giribet, Gregory D. Edgecombe
Integrative and Comparative Biology.2017; 57(3): 455. CrossRef

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Original Article

Oxidative Stress in the Heart of Rats Infected with Trypanosoma evansi: Matheus D. Baldissera, Carine de F. Souza, Cl?udia M. Bertoncheli, Karine L. da Silveira, Thirssa H. Grando, Bianca C. Z. Porto, Daniela B. R. Leal, Aleksandro S. Da Silva, Ricardo E. Mendes, Lenita M. Stefani, Silvia G. Monteiro; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(3):247-252.
Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.3.247

Abstract
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This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of oxidative stress in the heart tissue of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Rats were divided into 2 groups (A and B) with 12 animals each, and further subdivided into 4 subgroups (A1 and A2, 6 animals/each; and B1 and B2, 6 animals/each). Animals in the groups B1 and B2 were subcutaneously inoculated with T. evansi. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), glutathione S-transferase activity (GST), reduced glutathione activity (GSH), and non-protein thiols (NPSH) in the heart tissue were evaluated. At day 5 and 15 post-infection (PI), an increase in the TBARS levels and a decrease in the SOD activity (P<0.05) were observed. GSH and GST activities were decreased in infected animals at day 15 PI (P<0.05). Considering the proper functioning of the heart, it is possible that the changes in the activity of these enzymes involved in the oxidative stress may be related, at least in part, in the pathophysiology of rats infected with T. evansi.

Citations

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Novel insights into antioxidant status, gene expression, and immunohistochemistry in an animal model infected with camel-derived Trypanosoma evansi and Theileria annulata
Reem M. Ramadan, Alaa F. Bakr, Esraa Fouad, Faten F. Mohammed, Azza M. Abdel-Wahab, Sahar Z. Abdel-Maogood, Mohamed M. El-Bahy, Mai A. Salem
Parasites & Vectors.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular and phylogenetic analysis of a type K1 strain Trypanosoma evansi isolate from Nigerian cattle: An evaluation of the therapeutic effects of compounds from Brassica oleracea on the histopathology of infected wister rats
Kingsley Onyekachi Moh, Sodangi Abdulkarim Luka, Iliya Shehu Ndams, Idris Alao Lawal, Dahiru Sani, Sylvester Sunday Obeta, Gbenga Peter Oderinde, Emeka John Dingwoke, Fatima Amin Adamude, Abraham Ehinomhen Ubhenin, Saifullahi Umar
Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports.2023; 33: 101424. CrossRef
The disturbance of antioxidant/oxidant balance in fish experimentally infected by Aeromonas caviae: Relationship with disease pathophysiology
Matheus D. Baldissera, Carine F. Souza, Belisa Parmeggiani, Guilhian Leipnitz, Camila Marina Verdi, RobertoC.V. Santos, Lenita M. Stefani, Bernardo Baldisserotto
Microbial Pathogenesis.2018; 122: 53. CrossRef
Relationship between antioxidant defense in Acanthamoeba spp. infected lungs and host immunological status
N. Łanocha-Arendarczyk, I. Baranowska-Bosiacka, I. Gutowska, K. Kot, E. Metryka, D.I. Kosik-Bogacka
Experimental Parasitology.2018; 193: 58. CrossRef
Achyrocline satureioides essential oil loaded in nanocapsules ameliorate the antioxidant/oxidant status in heart of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi
Carine F. Souza, Matheus D. Baldissera, Luciana F. Cossetin, Daiane F. Dalla Lana, Silvia G. Monteiro
Microbial Pathogenesis.2017; 105: 30. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Influence of 120 kDa Pyruvate:Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase on Pathogenicity of Trichomonas vaginalis: Hyun-Ouk Song; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(1):71-74.
Published online February 26, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.1.71

Abstract
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Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellate protozoan parasite and commonly infected the lower genital tract in women and men. Iron is a known nutrient for growth of various pathogens, and also reported to be involved in establishment of trichomoniasis. However, the exact mechanism was not clarified. In this study, the author investigated whether the 120 kDa protein of T. vaginalis may be involved in pathogenicity of trichomonads. Antibodies against 120 kDa protein of T. vaginalis, which was identified as pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) by peptide analysis of MALDI-TOF-MS, were prepared in rabbits. Pretreatment of T. vaginalis with anti-120 kDa Ab decreased the proliferation and adherence to vaginal epithelial cells (MS74) of T. vaginalis. Subcutaneous tissue abscess in anti-120 kDa Ab-treated T. vaginalis-injected mice was smaller in size than that of untreated T. vaginalis-infected mice. Collectively, the 120 kDa protein expressed by iron may be involved in proliferation, adhesion to host cells, and abscess formation, thereby may influence on the pathogenicity of T. vaginalis.

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Ana Laura Medina-Nieto, Sairy Yarely Andrade-Guillen, Fátima Berenice Ramírez-Montiel, Fátima Tornero-Gutiérrez, José A. Martínez-Álvarez, Ángeles Rangel-Serrano, Itzel Páramo-Pérez, Naurú Idalia Vargas-Maya, Javier de la Mora, Claudia Leticia Mendoza-Mac
Computational Biology and Chemistry.2026; 120: 108601. CrossRef
Antiparasitic activity of the iron-containing milk protein lactoferrin and its potential derivatives against human intestinal and blood parasites
Namrata Anand
Frontiers in Parasitology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic Variability of the Internal Transcribed Spacer and Pyruvate:Ferredoxin Oxidoreductase Partial Gene of Trichomonas vaginalis from Female Patients
Fernando Martinez-Hernandez, Fabiola Sanchez-Aguillon, Joel Martinez-Ocaña, Nelly Raquel Gonzalez-Arenas, Mirza Romero-Valdovinos, Eduardo Lopez-Escamilla, Pablo Maravilla, Guiehdani Villalobos
Microorganisms.2023; 11(9): 2240. CrossRef
Pyruvate: Ferredoxin oxidoreductase is involved in IgA-related microbiota dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation
Kairuo Wang, Yixuan Guo, Yuanyuan Liu, Xiao Cui, Xiang Gu, Lixiang Li, Yanqing Li, Ming Li
Frontiers in Immunology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Microbiota in vaginal health and pathogenesis of recurrent vulvovaginal infections: a critical review
Namarta Kalia, Jatinder Singh, Manpreet Kaur
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
New light on ancient enzymes – in vitro CO2 Fixation by Pyruvate Synthase of Desulfovibrio africanus and Sulfolobus acidocaldarius
Andreas Witt, Roberta Pozzi, Stephan Diesch, Oliver Hädicke, Hartmut Grammel
The FEBS Journal.2019; 286(22): 4494. CrossRef
Humoral and T cell–mediated immune response against trichomoniasis
M. Nemati, N. Malla, M. Yadav, H. Khorramdelazad, A. Jafarzadeh
Parasite Immunology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
A Cell Surface Aggregation-Promoting Factor from Lactobacillus gasseri Contributes to Inhibition of Trichomonas vaginalis Adhesion to Human Vaginal Ectocervical Cells
Niha Phukan, Anna E. S. Brooks, Augusto Simoes-Barbosa, John H. Adams
Infection and Immunity.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Can the pyruvate: ferredoxin oxidoreductase (PFOR) gene be used as an additional marker to discriminate among Blastocystis strains or subtypes?
Patricia Alarcon-Valdes, Guiehdani Villalobos, Williams Arony Martinez-Flores, Eduardo Lopez-Escamilla, Nelly Raquel Gonzalez-Arenas, Mirza Romero-Valdovinos, Fernando Martinez-Hernandez, Jonnathan Guadalupe Santillan-Benitez, Pablo Maravilla
Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Clostridium acetobutylicum grows vegetatively in a biofilm rich in heteropolysaccharides and cytoplasmic proteins
Dong Liu, Zhengjiao Yang, Yong Chen, Wei Zhuang, Huanqing Niu, Jinglan Wu, Hanjie Ying
Biotechnology for Biofuels.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Article

Sequence Variation in Superoxide Dismutase Gene of Toxoplasma gondii among Various Isolates from Different Hosts and Geographical Regions: Shuai Wang, Aiping Cao, Xun Li, Qunli Zhao, Yuan Liu, Hua Cong, Shenyi He, Huaiyu Zhou; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):253-258.
Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.253

Abstract
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Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, including humans, livestock, and marine mammals. The aim of this study was to investigate whether superoxide dismutase (SOD) of T. gondii can be used as a new marker for genetic study or a potential vaccine candidate. The partial genome region of the SOD gene was amplified and sequenced from 10 different T. gondii isolates from different parts of the world, and all the sequences were examined by PCR-RFLP, sequence analysis, and phylogenetic reconstruction. The results showed that partial SOD gene sequences ranged from 1,702 bp to 1,712 bp and A + T contents varied from 50.1% to 51.1% among all examined isolates. Sequence alignment analysis identified total 43 variable nucleotide positions, and these results showed that 97.5% sequence similarity of SOD gene among all examined isolates. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these SOD sequences were not an effective molecular marker for differential identification of T. gondii strains. The research demonstrated existence of low sequence variation in the SOD gene among T. gondii strains of different genotypes from different hosts and geographical regions.

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Superoxide Dismutases in Immune Regulation and Infectious Diseases
Tong Liu, Jiajin Shang, Qijun Chen
Antioxidants.2025; 14(7): 809. CrossRef
Immunization with a DNA vaccine encoding Toxoplasma gondii Superoxide dismutase (TgSOD) induces partial immune protection against acute toxoplasmosis in BALB/c mice
Yuan Liu, Aiping Cao, Yawen Li, Xun Li, Hua Cong, Shenyi He, Huaiyu Zhou
BMC Infectious Diseases.2017;[Epub] CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Genetic Polymorphisms in Plasmodium vivax Dihydrofolate Reductase and Dihydropteroate Synthase in Isolates from the Philippines, Bangladesh, and Nepal: Pimwan Thongdee, Jiraporn Kuesap, Kanchana Rungsihirunrat, Shyam Prakash Dumre, Effie Espino, Harald Noedl, Kesara Na-Bangchang; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(2):227-232.
Published online April 22, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.2.227

Abstract
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Genetic polymorphisms of pvdhfr and pvdhps genes of Plasmodium vivax were investigated in 83 blood samples collected from patients in the Philippines, Bangladesh, and Nepal. The SNP-haplotypes of the pvdhfr gene at the amino acid positions 13, 33, 57, 58, 61, 117, and 173, and that of the pvdhps gene at the positions 383 and 553 were analyzed by nested PCR-RFLP. Results suggest diverse polymorphic patterns of pvdhfr alone as well as the combination patterns with pvdhps mutant alleles in P. vivax isolates collected from the 3 endemic countries in Asia. All samples carried mutant combination alleles of pvdhfr and pvdhps. The most prevalent combination alleles found in samples from the Philippines and Bangladesh were triple mutant pvdhfr combined with single mutant pvdhps allele and triple mutant pvdhfr combined with double wild-type pvdhps alleles, respectively. Those collected from Nepal were quadruple mutant pvdhfr combined with double wild-type pvdhps alleles. New alternative antifolate drugs which are effective against sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP)-resistant P. vivax are required.

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Original Article

Three Echinostome Species from Wild Birds in the Republic of Korea: Seongjun Choe, Dongmin Lee, Hansol Park, Mihyeon Oh, Hyeong-Kyu Jeon, Youngsun Lee, Ki-Jeong Na, Youngjun Kim, Hang Lee, Keeseon S. Eom; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(5):513-520.
Published online October 22, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.5.513

Abstract
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Three echinostome species, i.e., Patagifer bilobus, Petasiger neocomense, and Saakotrema metatestis, are newly recorded in the trematode fauna of the Republic of Korea. They were recovered from 3 species of migratory birds (Platalea minor, Podiceps cristatus, and Egretta garzetta), which were donated by the Wildlife Center of Chungbuk (WCC) and the Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife (CGRB). Only 1 P. bilobus specimen was recovered from the intestine of a black-faced spoonbill (P. minor), and characterized by the bilobed head crown with a deep dorsal incision and 54 collar spines. Twenty P. neocomense were recovered from the intestine of a great crested grebe (P. cristatus), and they had a well-developed head crown with 19 spines and 2 testes obliquely located at the posterior middle of the body. Total 70 S. metatestis were collected from the bursa of Fabricius of 1 little egret (E. garzetta). It is characterized by stout tegumental spines covered in the entire leaf-shaped body, posterior extension of the uterus, presence of the uroproct and a well-developed head crown with 12 pairs of collar spines on each side. By the present study, these 3 echinostome species are newly added to the trematode fauna in Korea.

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Ali Bilgin YILMAZ, Erkan AZİZOĞLU, Özdemir ADIZEL
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Brief Communications

Oxidative Stress in Vivax Malaria: Ramazan Bilgin, Mustafa S. Yalcin, Guzide Yucebilgic, Ismail S. Koltas, S?leyman Yazar; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(4):375-377.
Published online November 26, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.4.375

Abstract
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Malaria is still a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The increase in lipid peroxidation reported in malaria infection and antioxidant status may be a useful marker of oxidative stress during malaria infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of antioxidant enzymes against toxic reactive oxygen species in patients infected with Plasmodium vivax and healthy controls. Malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were determined in 91 P. vivax patients and compared with 52 controls. Malondialdehyde levels, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities were 8.07±2.29 nM/ml, 2.69±0.33 U/ml, and 49.6±3.2 U/g Hb in the patient group and 2.72±0.50 nM/ml, 3.71±0.47 U/ml, and 62.3±4.3 U/g Hb in the control group, respectively. Malondialdehyde levels were found statistically significant in patients with vivax malaria higher than in healthy controls (P<0.001). On the other hand, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities were found to be significantly lower in vivax malaria patients than in controls (P<0.05). There was an increase in oxidative stress in vivax malaria. The results suggested that antioxidant defense mechanisms may play an important role in the pathogenesis of P. vivax.

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Effects of Kimchi Extract and Temperature on Embryostasis of Ascaris suum Eggs: Jin-Sung Kim, Dae-Sung Oh, Kyu-Sung Ahn, Sung-Shik Shin; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):83-87.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.83

Abstract
PDF

To determine the effects of kimchi extracts at different temperatures on larval development, Ascaris suum eggs were mixed with soluble part of 7 different brands of commercially available kimchi and preserved at either 5℃ or 25℃ for up to 60 days. A. suum eggs incubated at 25℃ showed marked differences in larval development between kimchi extract and control group. While all eggs in the control group completed embryonation by day 21, only 30% of the eggs in the kimchi extract group became embryonated by day 36 and about 25% never became larvated even at day 60. At 5℃, however, none of the eggs showed larval development regardless of the incubation period or type of mixture group. To determine the survival rate of A. suum eggs that showed no embryonation after being preserved at 5℃, eggs preserved in kimchi extracts for 14, 28, and 60 at 5℃ were re-incubated at 25℃ for 3 weeks in distilled water. While all eggs in the control group became larvated, eggs in the kimchi extract group showed differences in their embryonation rates by the incubation period; 87.4 % and 41.7% of the eggs became embryonated after being refrigerated for 14 days and 28 days, respectively. When refrigerated for 60 days, however, no eggs mixed in kimchi extract showed larval development. Our results indicate that embryogenesis of A. suum eggs in kimchi extract was affected by duration of refrigeration, and that all eggs stopped larval development completely in kimchi kept at 5℃ for up to 60 days.

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Original Article

Plasmodium vivax dhfr Mutations among Isolates from Malarious Areas of Iran: Jalal Zaman, Abbas Shahbazi, Mohammad Asgharzadeh; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(2):125-131.
Published online June 14, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.2.125

Abstract
PDF

The use of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine (SP) for treatment of vivax malaria is uncommon in most malarious areas, but Plasmodium vivax isolates are exposed to SP because of mixed infections with other Plasmodium species. As P. vivax is the most prevalent species of human malaria parasites in Iran, monitoring of resistance of the parasite against the drug is necessary. In the present study, 50 blood samples of symptomatic patients were collected from 4 separated geographical regions of south-east Iran. Point mutations at residues 57, 58, 61, and 117 were detected by the PCR-RFLP method. Polymorphism at positions 58R, 117N, and 117T of P. vivax dihydrofolate reductase (Pvdhfr) gene has been found in 12%, 34%, and 2% of isolates, respectively. Mutation at residues F57 and T61 was not detected. Five distinct haplotypes of the Pvdhfr gene were demonstrated. The 2 most prevalent haplotypes were F57S58T61S117 (62%) and F57S58T61N117 (24%). Haplotypes with 3 and 4 point mutations were not found. The present study suggested that P. vivax in Iran is under the pressure of SP and the sensitivity level of the parasite to SP is diminishing and this fact must be considered in development of malaria control programs.

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Mahdi Parsaei, Ahmad Raeisi, Adel Spotin, Abbas Shahbazi, Mahmoud Mahami-Oskouei, Teimour Hazratian, Alireza Salimi Khorashad, Jalal Zaman, Ahad Bazmani, Sedighe Sarafraz
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2018; 64: 70. CrossRef
Mutational Analysis of Plasmodium vivax dhfr Gene Among Cases in South East of Iran
Hadi Mirahmadi, Maryam Rafee, Jalal Zaman, Ahmad Mehravaran, Reza Shafiei
Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
MOLECULAR SURVEILLANCE OF Plasmodium vivax AND Plasmodium falciparum DHFR MUTATIONS IN ISOLATES FROM SOUTHERN IRAN
Khojasteh SHARIFI-SARASIABI, Ali HAGHIGHI, Bahram KAZEMI, Niloofar TAGHIPOUR, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini MOJARAD, Latif GACHKAR
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Case Report

A Pulmonary Paragonimiasis Case Mimicking Metastatic Pulmonary Tumor: Ki Uk Kim, Kwangha Lee, Hye-Kyung Park, Yeon Joo Jeong, Hak Sun Yu, Min Ki Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(1):69-72.
Published online March 18, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.1.69

Abstract
PDF

Pulmonary paragonimiasis is a relatively rare cause of lung disease revealing a wide variety of radiologic findings, such as air-space consolidation, nodules, and cysts. We describe here a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in a 27-year-old woman who presented with a 2-month history of cough and sputum. Based on chest computed tomography (CT) scans and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) findings, the patient was suspected to have a metastatic lung tumor. However, she was diagnosed as having Paragonimus westermani infection by an immunoserological examination using ELISA. Follow-up chest X-ray and CT scans after chemotherapy with praziquantel showed an obvious improvement. There have been several reported cases of pulmonary paragonimiasis mimicking lung tumors on FDG-PET. However, all of them were suspected as primary lung tumors. To our knowledge, this patient represents the first case of paragonimiasis mimicking metastatic lung disease on FDG-PET CT imaging.

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Brief Communications

Glutathione Reductase and Thioredoxin Reductase: Novel Antioxidant Enzymes from Plasmodium berghei: Gaurav Kapoor, Harjeet Singh Banyal; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(4):421-424.
Published online December 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.4.421

Abstract
PDF

Malaria parasites adapt to the oxidative stress during their erythrocytic stages with the help of vital thioredoxin redox system and glutathione redox system. Glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase are important enzymes of these redox systems that help parasites to maintain an adequate intracellular redox environment. In the present study, activities of glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase were investigated in normal and Plasmodium berghei-infected mice red blood cells and their fractions. Activities of glutathione reductase and thioredoxin reductase in P. berghei-infected host erythrocytes were found to be higher than those in normal host cells. These enzymes were mainly confined to the cytosolic part of cell-free P. berghei. Full characterization and understanding of these enzymes may promise advances in chemotherapy of malaria.

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Cloning of a pore-forming subunit of ATP-sensitive potassium channel from Clonorchis sinensis: Seung-Young Hwang, Hye-Jin Han, So-Hee Kim, Sae-Gwang Park, Dae-Hyun Seog, Nari Kim, Jin Han, Joon-Yong Chung, Weon-Gyu Kho; Korean J Parasitol 2003;41(2):129-133.
Published online June 20, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.2.129

Abstract
PDF

A complete cDNA sequence encoding a pore-forming subunit (Kir6.2) of ATP-senstive potassium channel in the adult worm, Clonorchis sinensis, termed CsKir6.2, was isolated from an adult cDNA library. The cDNA contained a single open-reading frame of 333 amino acids, which has a structural motif (a GFG-motif) of the putative pore-forming loop of the Kir6.2. Peculiarly, the CsKir6.2 shows a lack-sequence structure, which deleted 57 amino acids were deleted from its N-terminus. The predicted amino acid sequence revealed a highly conserved sequence as other known other Kir6.2 subunits. The mRNA was weekly expressed in the adult worm.

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