Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"chick"

Original Articles

Anticoccidial activities of a multicomplex mineral-based diet in broilers infected with Eimeria acervulina: Binh T. Nguyen, Rochelle A. Flores, Paula Leona T. Cammayo-Fletcher, Suk Kim, Woo H. Kim, Wongi Min; Parasites Hosts Dis 2025;63(2):135-146.
Published online May 26, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/PHD.24045

Poultry coccidiosis, caused by 7 Eimeria species, has a significant economic impact on the poultry industry and is managed mainly by chemotherapeutic drugs. However, alternative control measures are needed due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This study aimed to evaluate the anticoccidial effects of a multicomplex mineral-based diet in broilers infected with Eimeria acervulina. Broilers were fed a multicomplex mineral-based diet and infected with E. acervulina. Fecal oocyst shedding was 39.0% lower in the E. acervulina-infected broilers treated with the multicomplex mineral compared to that in untreated-infected broilers (365.7×10⁶±45.7 versus 599.8×10⁶±8.7, P<0.05). On day 6 post-infection, body weight gain was significantly higher in treated-infected chickens than untreated chickens (103.2±1.5% versus 94.1±1.7%, P<0.001). The lesion scores were similar between the 2 groups. Histopathological observations revealed that the width of the villi in the treated-infected chickens (286±9.5 μm) was significantly increased by 19.1% (240±10.8 μm, P<0.05) and 34.9% (212±7.3 μm, P<0.001) compared to those in the untreated-uninfected and untreated-infected groups, respectively. However, the villous height and crypt depth were similar between the untreated- and treated-infected groups. The positive effects of the dietary multicomplex mineral, including reduced fecal oocyst shedding, increased weight gain, and increased villi width, suggest its potential application in mitigating the adverse effects of Eimeria infection in both conventional and organic chicken industries.

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Urban environmental drivers of eukaryotic microbiota and parasite prevalence in domestic pigeon faeces: a metabarcoding-based public health risk assessment in Seoul, South Korea
Singeun Oh, Jun Ho Choi, Xavier Chavarria, Myungjun Kim, Dongjun Kang, Myung-hee Yi, Yoon Hee Cho, In-Yong Lee, Tai-Soon Yong, Seongjun Choe, Ju Yeong Kim
Journal of The Royal Society Interface.2025;[Epub] CrossRef

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Expression of Chicken NK-Lysin and Its Role in Chicken Coccidiosis Induced by Eimeria necatrix: Woo Hyun Kim, Wongi Min, Kwang Il Park, Hyun S. Lillehoj, Cherry P. Fernandez-Colorado, Rochelle A. Flores, Paula Leona T. Cammayo, Binh Thanh Nguyen; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(5):439-445.
Published online October 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.5.439

Abstract
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Coccidiosis in chickens is an intestinal parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites named Eimeria spp. In some Eimeria infections, intestinal lymphocytes are known to highly express chicken NK-lysin (cNK-lysin), an antimicrobial peptide with anticoccidial activity. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the expression of cNK-lysin in E. necatrix-infected chickens and its role in E. necatrix infection. The expression of cNK-lysin transcript was significantly increased in E. necatrix sporozoites-treated lymphocytes. In E. necatrix infection, cNK-lysin transcript was induced in intestinal lymphocytes but not in the spleen. The recombinant cNK-lysin exhibited anticoccidial activity against E. necatrix sporozoites as well as immunomodulatory activity on macrophages by inducing proinflammatory cytokines. These results indicated that E. necatrix infection induces high local expression of cNK-lysin and the secreted cNK-lysin helps protect coccidiosis.

Citations

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Characterization of NK-lysin A, a potent antimicrobial peptide from the zebrafish Danio rerio
Marius Ortjohann, Matthias Leippe
Developmental & Comparative Immunology.2025; 162: 105266. CrossRef
Exploring the interplay between Eimeria spp. infection and the host: understanding the dynamics of gut barrier function
Pan Chen, Mujeeb Ur Rehman, Yanfeng He, Aoyun Li, Fuchun Jian, Longxian Zhang, Shucheng Huang
Veterinary Quarterly.2025; 45(1): 1. CrossRef
Development and immunological insights into recombinant/subunit vaccines against avian coccidiosis
Shagufta Iqbal, Syed Tanveer, Idrees Mehraj Allaie, Yasmeena Jan, Shahana Tramboo, Nazima Maqbool
Journal of Microbiological Methods.2025; 238: 107255. CrossRef
Orally delivered Bacillus subtilis expressing chicken NK-2 peptide stabilizes gut microbiota and enhances intestinal health and local immunity in coccidiosis-infected broiler chickens
Samiru S. Wickramasuriya, Inkyung Park, Youngsub Lee, Luciana M. Richer, Chris Przybyszewski, Cyril G. Gay, Jolieke G. van Oosterwijk, Hyun S. Lillehoj
Poultry Science.2023; 102(5): 102590. CrossRef
Research progress of the avian coccidiosis vaccine
Haiming Cai, Nanshan Qi, Juan Li, Minna Lv, Xuhui Lin, Junjing Hu, Jianfei Zhang, Shenquan Liao, Mingfei Sun
Veterinary Vaccine.2022; 1(1): 100002. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Anticoccidial Activity of Berberine against Eimeria-Infected Chickens: Binh Thanh Nguyen, Rochelle Alipio Flores, Paula Leona Taymen Cammayo, Suk Kim, Woo Hyun Kim, Wongi Min; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):403-408.
Published online August 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.403

Avian coccidiosis has a major economic impact on the poultry industry, it is caused by 7 species of Eimeria, and has been primarily controlled using chemotherapeutic agents. Due to the emergence of drug-resistant strains, alternative control strategies are needed. We assessed anticoccidial effects of berberine-based diets in broiler chickens following oral infection with 5 Eimeria species (E. acervulina, E. maxima, E. tenella, E. mitis, and E. praecox). When 0.2% berberine, a concentration that does not affect weight gain, was added to the diet, the 4 groups infected with E. acervulina, E. tenella, E. mitis, or E. praecox showed significant reductions in fecal oocyst shedding (P<0.05) compared to their respective infected and untreated controls. In chickens treated 0.5% berberine instead of 0.2% and infected with E. maxima, fecal oocyst production was significantly reduced, but body weight deceased, indicating that berberine treatment was not useful for E. maxima infection. Taken together, these results illustrate the applicability of berberine for prophylactic use to control most Eimeria infections except E. maxima. Further studies on the mechanisms underlying the differences in anticoccidial susceptibility to berberine, particularly E. maxima, are remained.

Citations

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Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Phytogenic Supplement (Alkaloids and Flavonoids) in the Control of Eimeria spp. in Experimentally Challenged Broiler Chickens
Anne-Sophie Hascoët, Paulina Torres-Celpa, Roberto Riquelme-Neira, Héctor Hidalgo-Olate
Animals.2025; 15(6): 847. CrossRef
Improving The Sporulation of Eimeria tenella Oocysts Purified From Chicken Faeces
Nurfazila Latif, Aravind Marcus, Paul Bura Thlama, Suhaili Mustafa, Muhamad Hakim Mohd Ali Hanafiah, Lirong Yu Abit, Sharifah Salmah Syed Hussain, Nor Azlina Abdul Aziz, Shu-San Loo, Kiew Lian Wan, Sarah A Altwaim, Juriah Kamaludeen
Malaysian Applied Biology.2025; 54(1): 38. CrossRef
Berberine Reveals Anticoccidial Activity by Influencing Immune Responses in Eimeria acervulina-Infected Chickens
Binh T. Nguyen, Bujinlkham Altanzul, Rochelle A. Flores, Honghee Chang, Woo H. Kim, Suk Kim, Wongi Min
Biomolecules.2025; 15(7): 985. CrossRef
Vaccinations and Functional Feed Supplements as Alternatives to Coccidiostats for the Control of Coccidiosis in Raising Broiler Chickens
Maciej Rosłoń, Edward Majewski, Monika Gębska, Anna Grontkowska, Michał Motrenko, Artur Żbikowski, Monika Michalczuk, Jakub Urban
Animals.2025; 15(17): 2548. CrossRef
Management and control of coccidiosis in poultry — A review
Rafiq Ahmad, Yu-Hsiang Yu, Kuo-Feng Hua, Wei-Jung Chen, Daniel Zaborski, Andrzej Dybus, Felix Shih-Hsiang Hsiao, Yeong-Hsiang Cheng
Animal Bioscience.2024; 37(1): 1. CrossRef
Large-Scale Field Trials of an Eimeria Vaccine Induce Positive Effects on the Production Index of Broilers
Binh T. Nguyen, Dongjean Yim, Rochelle A. Flores, Seung Yun Lee, Woo H. Kim, Seung-Hwan Jung, Sangkyu Kim, Wongi Min
Vaccines.2024; 12(7): 800. CrossRef
An insight into the potential of berberine in animal nutrition: Current knowledge and future perspectives
Navid Ghavipanje, Mohammad Hasan Fathi Nasri, Einar Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez
Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition.2023; 107(3): 808. CrossRef
Botanicals: A promising approach for controlling cecal coccidiosis in poultry
Zohaib Saeed, Khalid A. Alkheraije
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Pathological Role of Oxidative Stress in Aflatoxin-Induced Toxicity in Different Experimental Models and Protective Effect of Phytochemicals: A Review
Martha Cebile Jobe, Doctor M. N. Mthiyane, Phiwayinkosi V. Dludla, Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje, Damian C. Onwudiwe, Mulunda Mwanza
Molecules.2023; 28(14): 5369. CrossRef
The Immunoprotective Effect of ROP27 Protein of Eimeria tenella
Menggang Li, Xiaoling Lv, Mingxue Zheng, Yingyi Wei
Animals.2023; 13(22): 3500. CrossRef
Oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis 23017 combined with ellagic acid attenuates intestinal inflammatory injury caused by Eimeria infection by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway
Xuelian Yang, Xinghui Pan, Zhipeng Jia, Bingrong Bai, Wenjing Zhi, Hang Chen, Chunli Ma, Dexing Ma
Veterinary Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Epidemiological investigation and drug resistance of Eimeria species in Korean chicken farms
Rochelle A. Flores, Binh T. Nguyen, Paula Leona T. Cammayo, Tuấn Cường Võ, Haung Naw, Suk Kim, Woo H. Kim, Byoung-Kuk Na, Wongi Min
BMC Veterinary Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Article

Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Experimental Chicks Infected with Metacercariae Encysted in Brackish Water Clams in the Republic of Korea: Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(4):341-353.
Published online August 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.4.341

Abstract
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Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) is described from chicks experimentally infected with the metacercariae encysted in 2 brackish water clam species, Ruditapes philippinarum and Coecella chinensis, in the Republic of Korea. The metacercariae were round to oval, armed with 23 collar spines, and 0.216 (0.203-0.226) mm in diameter. From 5 chicks experimentally infected each with 200 metacercariae, 34 juvenile (5-day-old worms) and 104 adult flukes (7-day-old worms) were harvested from their small intestines, with the average worm recovery rate of 13.8%. The adult flukes were 3.18 (2.89-3.55) mm long and 0.68 (0.61-0.85) mm wide, with an elongated, posteriorly tapering body, and a prominent head collar armed with 23 collar spines arranged in a single uninterrupted row. The posterior testis of A. shinanense was longitudinally elongated, which is similar to Acanthoparyphium spinulosum Johnston, 1917 but unique from the other closely related species, including Acanthoparyphium tyosenense Yamaguti, 1939, Acanthoparyphium kurogamo Yamaguti, 1939, and Acanthoparyphium marilae Yamaguti, 1934. The eggs of A. shinanense were larger than those of A. spinulosum, and the anterior extent of 2 lateral groups of vitellaria was slightly more limited in A. shinanense than in A. spinulosum. Molecular analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genes revealed low homology with A. spinulosum from USA (96.1% in 5.8S rRNA) and Ukraine (97.9% in 28S rRNA), Acanthoparyphium n. sp. from USA (98.0% in 28S rRNA), and Acanthoparyphium sp. from Australia, Kuwait, and New Zealand. Biological characteristics, including its first intermediate host and natural definitive hosts, as well as its zoonotic capability, should be elucidated.

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Supplemental Description of Caballerotrema annulatum (Diesing, 1850) Ostrowski de Núñez and Sattmann, 2002 (Digenea: Caballerotrematidae) from a New Host (Electrophorus Cf. Varii) and Locality (Amazon River, Colombia) with Phylogenetic Analysis and Emende
Kamila Cajiao-Mora, John H. Brule, Haley R. Dutton, Stephen A. Bullard
Journal of Parasitology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Case Report

An Outbreak of Histomoniasis in Backyard Sanhuang Chickens: Dandan Liu, Lingming Kong, Jianping Tao, Jinjun Xu; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(6):597-602.
Published online December 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.6.597

Abstract
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Histomonas meleagridis is a facultative anaerobic parasite, which can cause a common poultry disease known as histomoniasis. The species and age of the birds impacts on the susceptibility, with turkey being the most susceptible species. Chickens are less susceptible to H. meleagridis than turkeys and usually serve as reservoir hosts. Here, the diagnosis of an outbreak of histomoniasis in backyard Sanhuang chickens is described. The primary diagnosis was made based on clinical symptoms, general changes at necropsy, histopathology, and the isolation and cultivation of parasites. The pathogen was further confirmed by cloning, PCR identification, and animal inoculation tests. A strain of H. meleagri- dis, named HM-JSYZ-C, with a higher pathogenicity level in chickens was obtained. The study lays a foundation for further investigations into H. meleagridis and histomoniasis in chickens.

Citations

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MicroRNA expression profile of chicken liver at different times after Histomonas meleagridis infection
Qiaoguang Chen, Yuming Zhang, Jie Rong, Chen Chen, Shuang Wang, Jiege Wang, Zaifan Li, Zhaofeng Hou, Dandan Liu, Jianping Tao, Jinjun Xu
Veterinary Parasitology.2024; 329: 110200. CrossRef
Molecular Detection and Characterization of Histomonas Meleagridis in Fighting Cocks, Thailand
Mangsatabam Norjit Singh, Sawang Kesdangsakonwut, Wanarit Jitsamai, Chongtham Sonia, Cherdpong Phupolpan, Piyanan Taweethavonsawat
SSRN Electronic Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
MicroRNA expression profile of chicken cecum in different stages during Histomonas meleagridis infection
Yu-Ming Zhang, Qiao-Guang Chen, Chen Chen, Shuang Wang, Zai-Fan Li, Zhao-Feng Hou, Dan-Dan Liu, Jian-Ping Tao, Jin-jun Xu
BMC Veterinary Research.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Pathologic Characterization of Coinfection with Histomonas meleagridis, Marek's Disease Virus, and Subtype J Avian Leukosis Virus in Chickens
Ming Li, Haifeng Xiong, Hanwen Wu, Dongmei Hu, Yan Lin, Xueting Huang, Jun Wang, Kezong Qi, Hongmei Liu
Avian Diseases.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Erratum: An Outbreak of Histomoniasis in Backyard Sanhuang Chickens

The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(1): 75. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Wild Boars, Wild Rabbits, and Wild Chickens in Hubei Province, China: Houqiang Luo, Kun Li, Muhammad Shahzad, Hui Zhang, Yanfang Lan, Xiong Xiong; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(1):85-88.
Published online February 28, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.1.85

Abstract
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Toxoplasma gondii causes serious infection worldwide in humans and animals. In this study, the seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis was investigated in wild boars (Sus scrofa) (n=377), wild rabbits (cape hare, Lapus capensis) (n=331), and wild chickens (red junglefwol, Gallus gallus) (n=571) in 4 forested and country sided area of Hubei province of China. For this, blood samples were collected and tested by indirect hemagglutination test (IHA). The seroprevalence was found to be 7.2%, 5.1%, and 12.6% in wild boars, rabbits, and chickens, respectively, with significant differences among these species. The prevalence of T. gondii infection in male and female wild boars was found to be 7.9% and 6.5% (P<0.01), in male and female rabbits was 5.6% and 4.9% (P<0.01), and in male and female chickens was 17.1% and 7.7% (P<0.01), respectively, with significant differences between 2 genders of chickens (P<0.01). The findings of this study may help in planning of the prevention measures against T. gondii infection in wild animals in this area.

Citations

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Global prevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in wild birds: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Chao Chen, Si-Yuan Qin, Xing Yang, Xiao-Man Li, Yanan Cai, Cong-Cong Lei, Quan Zhao, Hany M. Elsheikha, Hongwei Cao
Preventive Veterinary Medicine.2024; 226: 106187. CrossRef
Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in slaughtered chickens in Tripoli, Lebanon
Sara Khalife, Dima El Safadi
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2023; 46: 100941. CrossRef
Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in chickens in China during 1993–2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Lan-Bi Nie, Qing-Long Gong, Qi Wang, Rui Zhang, Jun-Feng Shi, Yang Yang, Jian-Ming Li, Xing-Quan Zhu, Kun Shi, Rui Du
Parasitology Research.2022; 121(1): 287. CrossRef
The Influence of Landscape Structure on the Occurrence of Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, and Sarcocystis spp. in Free-Living Neotropical Primates
Elisandro O. dos Santos, Vinícius F. Klain, Sebastián B. Manrique, Isac Junior Roman, Helton F. dos Santos, Luís Antônio Sangioni, Fernanda S. F. Vogel, José Reck, Anelise Webster, Thamiris C. Padilha, Marco Antônio B. de Almeida, Edmilson dos Santos, Luc
Acta Parasitologica.2022; 67(4): 1680. CrossRef
Seroprevalence, Risk Factors, and Genotypes ofToxoplasma gondiiin Free-Range Chickens Intended for Human Consumption in China
Qiu-Yan Lv, Min-Xiu Quan, Hua-Li Tang, Xi-Ting Wu, Guo-Hua Liu, Fen Li, Shi-Feng Hu
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease.2021; 18(4): 253. CrossRef
Epidemiological and Public Health Significance of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Wild Rabbits and Hares: 2010–2020
Sonia Almeria, Fernando H. A. Murata, Camila K. Cerqueira-Cézar, Oliver C. H. Kwok, Alicia Shipley, Jitender P. Dubey
Microorganisms.2021; 9(3): 597. CrossRef
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S.I. Bata, B.V. Maikai, J.K.P. Kwaga, O.O. Okubanjo, L. Pam, Y. S Wungak, J. Kamani, C. Elisha, K. Ogbu, M. Dike, C.S. Ringyl, S. Makama
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2021; 25: 100601. CrossRef
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Vasileios G. Papatsiros, Labrini V. Athanasiou, Polychronis Kostoulas, Alexios Giannakopoulos, Eleni Tzika, Charalambos Billinis
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease.2021; 18(12): 823. CrossRef
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Aleksandra Kornacka, Bożena Moskwa, Anna Werner, Piotr Nowosad, Wiesława Jankowska, Aleksandra Cybulska, Anna C. Majewska
Acta Parasitologica.2020; 65(2): 490. CrossRef
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Jitender P. Dubey, Camila K. Cerqueira-Cézar, Fernando H.A. Murata, Oliver C.H. Kwok, Dolores Hill, Yurong Yang, Chunlei Su
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Ming-Han Li, Bin-Tong Yang, Zhi-Wei Yin, Wei Wang, Quan Zhao, Jing Jiang
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2020; 20(11): 825. CrossRef
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J. P. Dubey, H. F. J. Pena, C. K. Cerqueira-Cézar, F. H. A. Murata, O. C. H. Kwok, Y. R. Yang, S. M. Gennari, C. Su
Parasitology.2020; 147(12): 1263. CrossRef
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Maria Fredriksson-Ahomaa
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Weifeng Qian, Wenchao Yan, Chaochao Lv, Rongzhen Bai, Tianqi Wang
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Kun Li, Muhammad Shahzad, Hui Zhang, Xiong Jiang, Khalid Mehmood, Xiaodong Zhao, Jiakui Li
Acta Tropica.2018; 183: 103. CrossRef
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Wei Cong, Chun-Xue Zhou, Long Chen, Yang Zou, Wei-Li Wang, Qing-Feng Meng, Ai-Dong Qian
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease.2018; 15(9): 544. CrossRef
The global seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii among wild boars: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ali Rostami, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Yadollah Fakhri, Vafa Saber, Hooman Hanifehpour, Soghra Valizadeh, Majid Gholizadeh, Rokhsane Hosseini Pouya, H.Ray Gamble
Veterinary Parasitology.2017; 244: 12. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of Raillietina spp. (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea: Davaineidae) from Domestic Chickens in Thailand: Preeyaporn Butboonchoo, Chalobol Wongsawad, Amnat Rojanapaibul, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(6):777-786.
Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.6.777

Abstract
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Raillietina species are prevalent in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in Phayao province, northern Thailand. Their infection may cause disease and death, which affects the public health and economic situation in chicken farms. The identification of Raillietina has been based on morphology and molecular analysis. In this study, morphological observations using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopies (SEM) coupled with molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) gene were employed for precise identification and phylogenetic relationship studies of Raillietina spp. Four Raillietina species, including R. echinobothrida, R. tetragona, R. cesticillus, and Raillietina sp., were recovered in domestic chickens from 4 districts in Phayao province, Thailand. LM and SEM observations revealed differences in the morphology of the scolex, position of the genital pore, number of eggs per egg capsule, and rostellar opening surface structures in all 4 species. Phylogenetic relationships were found among the phylogenetic trees obtained by the maximum likelihood and distance-based neighbor-joining methods. ITS2 and ND1 sequence data recorded from Raillietina sp. appeared to be monophyletic. The query sequences of R. echinobothrida, R. tetragona, R. cesticillus, and Raillietina sp. were separated according to the different morphological characters. This study confirmed that morphological studies combined with molecular analyses can differentiate related species within the genus Raillietina in Thailand.

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Development of a duplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification together with lateral flow dipstick assay for the detection and discrimination of parasitic infections in chickens between cestodes belonging to genus Raillietina and trematodes in family Echi
Wasin Panich, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
Research in Veterinary Science.2025; 185: 105539. CrossRef
What's worming Egyptian chickens: Morphological and molecular identification of Raillietina echinobothrida and Ascaridia galli in domestic chickens in Egypt
Ayman N. Elsayed, Wafaa Fayez Abd El-Hamed, Abd Elsattar M. Metwally, Nahed S. Amer, Abdelbaset E. Abdelbaset, Mohamed Abdo Rizk, Adel Abdelkhalek, Refaat Ras
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2025; 66: 101372. CrossRef
Raillietina cesticillus infection causes reduced egg production in chickens in a windowless poultry house
Fumi OSHIMA, Akiko MIYAJI, Masaki KONNAI, Saki ITO, Hinako SUZUKI, Naoyuki AIHARA, Takanori SHIGA, Kensuke TAIRA
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science.2024; 86(2): 224. CrossRef
Assay for the simultaneous detection of Raillietina spp. (R. echinobothrida, R. tetragona, and R. cesticillus) and Ascaridia galli infection in chickens using duplex loop-mediated isothermal amplification integrated with a lateral flow dipstick assay
Wasin Panich, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
Veterinary Parasitology.2024; 328: 110174. CrossRef
Phylogenetic relationships and systematics of tapeworms of the family Davaineidae (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea), with emphasis on species in rodents
Voitto Haukisalmi, Alexis Ribas, Jean-Pierre Hugot, Serge Morand, Kittipong Chaisiri, Kerstin Junker, Sonja Matthee, Andrea Spickett, Jukka T. Lehtonen, Carlos Feliu, Heikki Henttonen
Folia Parasitologica.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
An ethnopharmacological approach to evaluate antiparasitic and health-promoting abilities of Pueraria tuberosa (Willd.) DC. in livestock
Suman Kalyan Mandal, Niladri Mukherjee, Anindya Sundar Ray, Samik Hazra, Sathi Saha, Swetarka Das, Nikhilesh Joardar, Saradindu Saha, Santi Prasad Sinha Babu, Chowdhury Habibur Rahaman, Marcello Iriti
PLOS ONE.2024; 19(7): e0305667. CrossRef
A simple color absorption analysis of colorimetric loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of Raillietina spp. in clinical samples using a 3D-printed tube holder coupled with a smartphone camera and notebook screen
Wasin Panich, Chokchai Puttharugsa, Thanawan Tejangkura, Thapana Chontananarth
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Effect of Diclazuril on the Bursa of Fabricius Morphology and SIgA Expression in Chickens Infected with Eimeria tenella: Bian-hua Zhou, Li-li Liu, Jeffrey Liu, Fu-wei Yuan, Er-jie Tian, Hong-wei Wang; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(6):675-682.
Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.675

Abstract
PDF

The effects of diclazuril on the bursa of Fabricius (BF) structure and secretory IgA (SIgA) expression in chickens infected with Eimeria tenella were examined. The morphology of the BF was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, while ultrastructural changes were monitored by transmission electron microscopy. E. tenella infection caused the BF cell volumes to decrease, irregularly arranged, as well as, enlargement of the intercellular space. Diclazuril treatment alleviated the physical signs of damages associated with E. tenella infection. The SIgA expression in BF was analyzed by immunohistochemistry technique. The SIgA expression increased significantly by 350.4% (P<0.01) after E. tenella infection compared to the normal control group. With the treatment of diclazuril, the SIgA was relatively fewer in the cortex, and the expression level was significantly decreased by 46.7% (P<0.01) compared with the infected and untreated group. In conclusion, E. tenella infection in chickens induced obvious harmful changes in BF morphological structure and stimulated the expression of SIgA in the BF. Diclazuril treatment effectively alleviated the morphological changes. This result demonstrates a method to develop an immunological strategy in coccidiosis control.

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Efficacy and safety of diclazuril nanoemulsion in control of Eimeria tenella in broilers
Azza A. El-Sawah, Shawky M. Aboelhadid, El-Shymaa N. El-Nahass, Hassan E. Helal
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Diclazuril-induced expression of CDK-related kinase 2 in the second-generation merozoites of Eimeria tenella
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Pathogenicity of Five Strains of Toxoplasma gondii from Different Animals to Chickens: Shuai Wang, Guang-Wei Zhao, Wang Wang, Zhen-Chao Zhang, Bo Shen, I. A. Hassan, Qing Xie, Ruo-Feng Yan, Xiao-Kai Song, Li-Xin Xu, Xiang-Rui Li; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(2):155-162.
Published online April 22, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.2.155

Abstract
PDF

Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite with a broad range of intermediate hosts. Chickens as important food-producing animals can also serve as intermediate hosts. To date, experimental studies on the pathogenicity of T. gondii in broiler chickens were rarely reported. The
objective
of the present study was to compare the pathogenicity of 5 different T. gondii strains (RH, CN, JS, CAT2, and CAT3) from various host species origin in 10-day-old chickens. Each group of chickens was infected intraperitoneally with 5×10⁸, 1×10⁸, 1×10⁷, and 1×10⁶ tachyzoites of the 5 strains, respectively. The negative control group was mockly inoculated with PBS alone. After infection, clinical symptoms and rectal temperatures of all the chickens were checked daily. Dead chickens during acute phage of the infection were checked for T. gondii tachyzoites by microscope, while living cases were checked for T. gondii infection at day 53 post-inoculation (PI) by PCR method. Histopathological sections were used to observe the pathological changes in the dead chickens and the living animals at day 53 PI. No significant differences were found in survival periods, histopathological findings, and clinical symptoms among the chickens infected with the RH, CN, CAT2, and CAT3 strains. Histopathological findings and clinical symptoms of the JS (chicken origin) group were similar to the others. However, average survival times of infected chickens of the JS group inoculated with 5×10⁸ and 1×10⁸ tachyzoites were 30.0 and 188.4 hr, respectively, significantly shorter than those of the other 4 mammalian isolates. Chickens exposed to 10⁸ of T. gondii tachyzoites and higher showed acute signs of toxoplasmosis, and the lesions were relatively more severe than those exposed to lower doses. The results indicated that the pathogenicity of JS strain was comparatively stronger to the chicken, and the pathogenicity was dose-dependent.

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G. Schares, D.C. Herrmann, P. Maksimov, B. Matzkeit, F.J. Conraths, G. Moré, R. Preisinger, S. Weigend
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Echinostoma revolutum: Freshwater Snails as the Second Intermediate Hosts in Chiang Mai, Thailand: Kittichai Chantima, Jong-Yil Chai, Chalobol Wongsawad; Korean J Parasitol 2013;51(2):183-189.
Published online April 25, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2013.51.2.183

Abstract
PDF

The occurrence of 37-collar spined echinostome metacercariae in freshwater snails was investigated in 6 districts of Chiang Mai Province, Thailand, from October 2011 to April 2012. A total of 2,914 snails that belong to 12 species were examined, and 7 snail species (Clea helena, Eyriesia eyriesi, Bithynia funiculata, Bithynia siamensis siamensis, Filopaludina doliaris, Filopaludina sumatrensis polygramma, and Filopaludina martensi martensi) were found infected with echinostome metacercariae. The prevalence of metacercariae was the highest in Filopaludina spp. (38.5-58.7%) followed by B. funiculata (44.0%), E. eyriesi (12.5%), B. siamensis siamensis (8.2%), and C. helena (5.1%). Metacercariae were experimentally fed to hamsters and domestic chicks, and adult flukes were recovered from both hosts at days 15 and 20 post-infection. The adult flukes were identified based on morphological features, morphometrics, host-parasite relationships, and geographical distribution. They were compatible to Echinostoma revolutum or Echinostoma jurini, with only minor differences. As the adults were recovered from both hamsters and chicks, our specimens were more compatible to E. revolutum rather than E. jurini (reported only from mammals). This is the first report for metacercariae of E. revolutum in the snail host, C. helena, and also confirmed that Filopaludina spp., E. eryresi, and Bithynia spp. act as the second intermediate hosts of E. revolutum under natural conditions, which are indigenously distributed in Chiang Mai province.

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Brief Communication

Effects of Simple and Disposable Chicken Cages for Experimental Eimeria Infections: Jeongmi Yoo, Sung H. Kang, Jipseol Jeong, Woo H. Kim, Suk Kim, Hyun S. Lillehoj, Wongi Min; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(3):299-302.
Published online September 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.3.299

Abstract
PDF

During experimental Eimeria infections in chickens, facilities are often contaminated by fecal oocysts known to be highly resistant to both chemical and enzymatic treatments. Thus, studies using experimental Eimeria infections have been limited due to the difficulty of complete elimination of residual oocysts from both cages and facilities. To overcome this limitation, simple, inexpensive, and disposable cages were constructed from cardboard boxes and tested during experimental Eimeria maxima infections. The cages were used in animal rooms with only a 1.7% evidence of coccidia contamination between adjacent cages. No significant differences in fecal oocyst output and body weight gain were noted between animals housed in disposable cages and animals housed in wire control cages. This cage design is a useful means for preventing oocyst contamination during experimental conditions, suggesting that this disposable cage design could be used for other avian infectious disease studies.

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Different strategies for producing naturally soluble form of common cytokine receptor γ chain
Jipseol Jeong, Woo H. Kim, Cherry P. Fernandez, Suk Kim, Yong-Hwan Kim, Hyung-Kwan Jang, Hyun S. Lillehoj, Hee-Jong Woo, Wongi Min
Developmental & Comparative Immunology.2015; 48(1): 13. CrossRef
Chicken IL-17F: Identification and comparative expression analysis in Eimeria-infected chickens
Woo H. Kim, Jipseol Jeong, Ae R. Park, Dongjean Yim, Yong-Hwan Kim, Kwang D. Kim, Hong H. Chang, Hyun S. Lillehoj, Byung-Hyung Lee, Wongi Min
Developmental & Comparative Immunology.2012; 38(3): 401. CrossRef
Identification and Comparative Expression Analysis of Interleukin 2/15 Receptor β Chain in Chickens Infected with E. tenella
Jipseol Jeong, Woo H. Kim, Jeongmi Yoo, Changhwan Lee, Suk Kim, Jae-Hyeon Cho, Hyung-Kwan Jang, Dong W. Kim, Hyun S. Lillehoj, Wongi Min, Ivan Cruz Moura
PLoS ONE.2012; 7(5): e37704. CrossRef

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Original Article

Microphallus koreana n. sp. (Trematoda: Microphallidae) Transmitted by a Marine Crab, Macrophthalmus dilatatus: Sang-Mee Guk, Jong-Yil Chai, Woon-Mok Sohn, You-Me Kim, Seobo Sim, Min Seo; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(3):165-169.
Published online September 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.3.165

Abstract
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Microphallus species occur primarily as intestinal parasites of birds and mammals, and metacercariae of a new species belonging to this genus have been discovered from the crab, Macrophthalmus dilatatus, in the Republic of Korea. The metacercaria of this fluke was round with 2 thick walls, and the excysted one had mature genital organs. The adult flukes recovered from experimentally infected chicks had numerous intrauterine eggs, well-developed pars prostatica, widely bifurcating ceca, and prominent uterine bulge. After observing internal structures, it was concluded that this species is different from any other known Microphallus spp. Based on the morphology of metacercariae and adult flukes, we describe this specimen as a new species, Microphallus koreana n. sp.

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Molecular characterization of Microphallus sp. (Digenea: Microphallidae) parasitic in freshwater crabs of Manipur, India
Voleentina Devi Athokpam, Lalit Mohan Goswami, Veena Tandon
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Parasites differentially impact crayfish personality in different contexts
Rebecca Noel MacKay, Paul A. Moore
Behaviour.2021; 158(10): 921. CrossRef
A preliminary study on some larval trematodes parasites of marine snail Cerithidea cingulata (Gmelin, 1791) in Al- faw Bay, South of Iraq

International Journal of Biosciences (IJB).2020; : 464. CrossRef
Infections with Digenetic Trematode Metacercariae in Freshwater Fishes from Two Visiting Sites of Migratory Birds in Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(3): 273. CrossRef
Morphology and histology of the adultParamphistomum gracileFischoeder, 1901
Busaba Panyarachun, Arin Ngamniyom, Prasert Sobhon, Panat Anuracpreeda
Journal of Veterinary Science.2013; 14(4): 425. CrossRef
Discovery ofMaritrema obstipum(Digenea: Microphallidae) from Migratory Birds in Korea
Ok-Sik Chung, Woon-Mok Sohn, Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo, Hye-Jung Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2011; 49(4): 457. CrossRef
Surveys of Gynaecotyla squatarolae and Microphallus koreana (Digenea: Microphallidae) Metacercariae in Two Species of Estuarine Crabs in Western Coastal Areas, Korea
Hye Jung Lee, Jong-Yil Chai, Jin-Woo Lee, Ho Jin, Kwan-Hong Min, Yong-Jun Cho, Min Seo
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2010; 48(1): 81. CrossRef
Discovery ofMaritrema jebuensisn. sp. (Digenea: Microphallidae) from the Asian Shore Crab,Hemigrapsus sanguineus, in Korea
Ok-Sik Chung, Hye-Jung Lee, Woon-Mok Sohn, Seung-Ha Lee, Il-Yong Park, Sang-Ah Oh, Jong-Yil Chai, Min Seo
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2010; 48(4): 335. CrossRef

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Brief Communication

Mactra veneriformis, an Intertidal Clam, as a New Second Intermediate Host for Acanthoparyphium marilae (Digenea: Echinostomatidae): Eun-Taek Han, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2008;46(2):101-104.
Published online June 20, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2008.46.2.101

Abstract
PDF

Metacercariae of Acanthoparyphium marilae Yamaguti, 1934 (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) were discovered in an intertidal clam, Mactra veneriformis, in a southwestern coastal area of the Republic of Korea. A total of 128 metacercariae were detected from 10 clams examined. They were round, 320 ?m in average diameter, with 23 collar spines. They were fed experimentally to chicks, and 10 days later adult flukes were obtained. The adults were morphologically characterized by the head collar with a single row of 23 dorsally uninterrupted spines, without special end group spines, a round ventral sucker, 2 round and tandem testes, and vitellaria extending at lateral fields from the posterior extremity not beyond the middle level of the posterior testis. The most characteristic feature of this species was the limited distribution of vitellaria, which differs from Acanthoparyphium tyosenense Yamaguti, 1939, the metacercariae of which are encysted in the same mollusk species. This is the first report in which the metacercariae of this species were detected, and the intertidal bivalve, M. veneriformis, has been identified as a second intermediate host for A. marilae.

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Acanthoparyphium shinanense n. sp. (Digenea: Echinostomatidae) from Experimental Chicks Infected with Metacercariae Encysted in Brackish Water Clams in the Republic of Korea
Seungwan Ryoo, Bong-Kwang Jung, Taehee Chang, Sooji Hong, Hyejoo Shin, Jong-Yil Chai
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2021; 59(4): 341. CrossRef
Prevalence and Density of Digenetic Trematode Metacercariae in Clams and Oysters from Western Coastal Regions of the Republic of Korea
Woon-Mok Sohn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Won-Ja Lee
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(4): 399. CrossRef
Clearance rate and feeding according to water temperature and salinity condition in the surf clam, Mactra veneriformis
Joung Wook Kang, Seon Sik Lee, Kyung Nam Han
The Korean Journal of Malacology.2014; 30(2): 101. CrossRef
Korean molluscs as auxiliary hosts for parasites: A study of implications for pathogen transmission in a changing climate
Gab-Man Park
The Korean Journal of Malacology.2012; 28(1): 13. CrossRef

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Original Article

Viability of preserved Cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts: Chan-Gu Surl, Se-Min Kim, Hyeon-Cheol Kim; Korean J Parasitol 2003;41(4):197-201.
Published online December 20, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.4.197

Abstract
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The present study was undertaken to determine the viability and infectivity of oocysts of Cryptosporidium baileyi that had been stored from 1 to 40 months at 4℃ preserved in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution. Oocysts of C. baileyi were purified from the feces of experimentally infected chickens using discontinuous sucrose gradients. Subsequently, the purified oocysts were suspended in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution at a concentration of 1 × 10⁷ organism/ml, and their viabilities were assessed by nucleic acid staining, histologic examination, and infectivity to 2-day-old chickens. All chickens inoculated with oocysts that had been stored for 1-18 months developed patent infections, while chickens infected with older oocysts remained uninfected. Between 5.8% and 82.2% of the oocysts, stored at 4℃ in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution, were found to be viable, as determined by nucleic acid staining. Parasite colonization in the bursa of Fabricius was detected in the microvillus border of bursal epithelium. The finding that C. baileyi oocysts remain infective to chickens for at least 18 months offers important time-saving advantages to investigators who frequently require large numbers of oocysts.

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Multicenter Comparative Study of Six Cryptosporidium parvum DNA Extraction Protocols Including Mechanical Pretreatment from Stool Samples
Nicolas Valeix, Damien Costa, Louise Basmaciyan, Stéphane Valot, Anne Vincent, Romy Razakandrainibe, Florence Robert-Gangneux, Céline Nourrisson, Bruno Pereira, Emilie Fréalle, Philippe Poirier, Loic Favennec, Frederic Dalle
Microorganisms.2020; 8(9): 1450. CrossRef
A chicken embryo model for the maintenance and amplification of Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts
Nikola Holubová, Bohumil Sak, Tereza Schulzová, Roman Konečný, Michael Rost, Lenka Tůmová, John McEvoy, Martin Kváč
European Journal of Protistology.2020; 75: 125718. CrossRef
Effects of different inoculation routes on the parasitic sites of Cryptosporidium baileyi infection in chickens
Lin Yuan, Wenchao Yan, Tianqi Wang, Weifeng Qian, Ke Ding, Longxian Zhang, Lifang Han, Xiaodong Shao
Experimental Parasitology.2014; 145: 152. CrossRef
Potentiated anti-microsporidial activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus CH1 bacteriocin using gold nanoparticles
Shereen F. Mossallam, Eglal I. Amer, Radwa G. Diab
Experimental Parasitology.2014; 144: 14. CrossRef
Zinc PVA versus potassium dichromate for preservation of microsporidian spores of human origin
Hend Aly El-Taweel, Mona Mohammed Tolba, Hayam Abdelmonem Sadaka, Lobna Abdelaziz El-Zawawy, Mervat Mostafa Osman
Parasitology Research.2012; 111(2): 689. CrossRef
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Caused by Cryptosporidium baileyi in Three Mixed-Bred Falcons (Falco rusticolus × Falco cherrug)
Y. R. A. van Zeeland, N. J. Schoemaker, M. J. L. Kik, J. W. B. van der Giessen
Avian Diseases.2008; 52(2): 357. CrossRef
Comparison of viability and infectivity of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts stored in potassium dichromate solution and chlorinated tap water
Fu Chen, Kehe Huang, Shunyi Qin, Yuxin Zhao, Cuiling Pan
Veterinary Parasitology.2007; 150(1-2): 13. CrossRef
Viability staining and animal infectivity of Cryptosporidium andersoni oocysts after long-term storage
Martin Kváč, Dana Květoňová, Jiří Salát, Oleg Ditrich
Parasitology Research.2007; 100(2): 213. CrossRef
Identification and determination of the viability of Giardia lamblia cysts and Cryptosporidium parvum and Cryptosporidium hominis oocysts in human fecal and water supply samples by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and monoclonal antibodies
Vanessa Lemos, Thaddeus K. Graczyk, Margarida Alves, Maria Luísa Lobo, Maria C. Sousa, Francisco Antunes, Olga Matos
Parasitology Research.2005; 98(1): 48. CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Verification of immunosuppression in chicks caused by Cryptosporidium baileyi infection using Brucella abortus strain 1119-3: Jae Ku Rhee, Hong Ji Yang, Hyeon Cheol Kim; Korean J Parasitol 1998;36(4):281-284.
Published online December 20, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.1998.36.4.281

Abstract
PDF

Humoral immune response of young chicks to Brucella abortus strain 1119-3 inoculation was monitored to verify the degree of immunosuppression caused by infection with Cryptosporidium baileyi. Young chicks (2-day-old) were orally inoculated each with 2 × 10⁶ oocysts of C. baileyi, and then injected intramuscularly with 0.3 ml B. abortus strain 1119-3 containing 1 × 10⁹ living organisms on day 14 postinoculation (PI). Serum samples were tested by plate agglutination test on day 17 PI onwards at an interval of 3-6 days over a period of 36 days. Infected chicks with the coccidium showed significantly lower antibody titers than those of uninfected controls (P < 0.05). These findings document that C. baileyi infection in early life stage may predispose chicks easily to other potential poultry diseases.

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Outbreak of cryptosporidiosis in African penguins Spheniscus demersus
R Hurtado, NJ Parsons, TA Gous, Sv der Spuy, R Klusener, N Stander, E van Wilpe, RET Vanstreels
Diseases of Aquatic Organisms.2020; 140: 143. CrossRef
Cryptosporidium infections in birds - a review
Alex Akira Nakamura, Marcelo Vasconcelos Meireles
Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária.2015; 24(3): 253. CrossRef
Effect of Cryptosporidium baileyi in specific pathogen free chickens vaccinated (CVI988/Rispens) and challenged with HPRS-16 strain of Marek's
H. Abbassi, F. Coudert, G. Dambrine, Y. Chérel, M. Naciri
Avian Pathology.2000; 29(6): 623. CrossRef
Cryptosporidiosis in birds — A review
T. Sréter, I. Varga
Veterinary Parasitology.2000; 87(4): 261. CrossRef

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Longevity of Toxocara cati Larvae and Pathology in Tissues of Experimentally Infected Chickens: Oryan, Ahmad , Sadjjadi, Seyyed Mahmoud , Azizi, Shahrzad; Korean J Parasitol 2010;48(1):79-80.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2010.48.1.79

Abstract
PDF

This study was conducted to determine the distribution patterns and duration of stay of Toxocara cati larvae in organs of chickens and to investigate chronic phase and potential zoonotic risk of toxocariasis in chickens. Chickens were orally infected with 1,000 embryonated T. cati eggs and necropsied 240 days post-infection. Organs of the chickens were examined at gross and microscopic levels; tissues were digested to recover larvae. Peribronchiolitis with infiltration of lymphocytes, and hyperplasia of bronchiolar associated lymphatic tissues (BALT) and goblet cells, were evident in the lungs of infected chickens. There were mild hemorrhages and infiltration of lymphocytes and a few eosinophils in the meninges. Larvae were recovered from 30% of the exposed chickens. Larvae recovery indicated that T. cati larvae stay alive for at least 240 days in the chicken brain. Therefore, chickens may potentially act as a paratenic host in nature and transfer T. cati larvae to other hosts.

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