Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

"goat"

Brief Communication

Development of a Lateral Flow Strip-Based Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Assay for the Detection of Haemonchus contortus in Goat Feces: Yao-Dong Wu, Qi-Qi Wang, Meng Wang, Hany M. Elsheikha, Xin Yang, Min Hu, Xing-Quan Zhu, Min-Jun Xu; Korean J Parasitol 2021;59(2):167-171.
Published online April 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2021.59.2.167

Haemonchosis remains a significant problem in small ruminants. In this study, the assay of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with the lateral flow strip (LFS-RPA) was established for the rapid detection of Haemonchus contortus in goat feces. The assay used primers and a probe targeting a specific sequence in the ITS-2 gene. We compared the performance of the LFS-RPA assay to a PCR assay. The LFS-RPA had a detection limit of 10 fg DNA, which was 10 times less compared to the lowest detection limit obtained by PCR. Out of 24 goat fecal samples, LFS-RPA assay detected H. contortus DNA with 95.8% sensitivity, compared to PCR, 79.1% sensitivity. LFS-RPA assay did not detect DNA from other related helminth species and demonstrated an adequate tolerance to inhibitors present in the goat feces. Taken together, our results suggest that LFS-RPA assay had a high diagnostic accuracy for the rapid detection of H. contortus and merits further evaluation.

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An RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-assisted method for nucleic acid detection of Haemonchus contortus in sheep
Yutong Cao, Qiankun Yang, Yanbing Guo, Xiaocen Wang, Xin Li, Nan Zhang, Wenxue Lu, Jianhua Li, Xichen Zhang, Lili Cao, Pengtao Gong
Veterinary Parasitology.2025; 334: 110421. CrossRef
Rapid visual detection of Moniezia spp. in sheep feces via Recombinase Polymerase Amplification-Lateral Flow Dipstick (RPA-LFD) assay
Shaohua Zhang, Yeping Zhao, Weijia Liang, Shuai Wang, Xiu Cui, Haohan Zhu, Yueyue Zhang, Xiaolei Liu, Huimin Li, Wenjie Mu, Aijiang Guo
Veterinary Parasitology.2025; 339: 110582. CrossRef
Preliminary results of the recombinase polymerase amplification technique for the detection of Haemonchus contortus from Hungarian field samples
Rojesh Khangembam, Nóra Vass, Alison Morrison, Lynsey A. Melville, Alistair Antonopoulos, Levente Czeglédi
Veterinary Parasitology.2023; 320: 109974. CrossRef

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Original Article

Seroprevalence and Spatial Distribution of Toxoplasmosis in Sheep and Goats in North-Eastern Region of Pakistan: Haroon Ahmed, Ayesha Malik, Muhammad Arshad, Irfan Mustafa, Mobushir Riaz Khan, Muhammad Sohail Afzal, Shahzad Ali, Muhammad Mobeen, Sami Simsek; Korean J Parasitol 2016;54(4):439-446.
Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2016.54.4.439

Abstract
PDF

Toxoplasmosis is a protozoan disease that is caused by Toxoplasma gondii in livestock and humans. Due to its medical and veterinary importance, it is essential to study the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among humans and animals in various parts of the world. The major
objective
of this study was to determine the seroprevalence and spatial distribution of toxoplasmosis in small ruminants (sheep and goats) of north-eastern region, Pakistan. A total of 1,000 animals comprising of sheep (n=470) and goats (n=530) were examined for T. gondii infection by using ELISA. An epidemiological data was collected in the form of questionnaire. A surface has been generated by using method of interpolation in Arc GIS with the help of IDW (inverse distance weight). The results showed higher seroprevalence of T. gondii in goats (42.8%) as compared to sheep (26.2%). The seroprevalence was higher in females as compared to males in all examined ruminants. Similarly, there is a wide variation in the seroprevalence of T. gondii in different breeds of sheep and goats showing higher seroprevalence in Teddy (52.8%) and Damani breed (34.5%) of goat and sheep’s, respectively. The geographical and spatial distribution of T. gondii shows that it is widely distributed in different parts of the north-eastern region of Pakistan. Our results suggest widespread environmental contamination with T. gondii oocysts. It suggests us that small ruminants could be a potentially important source of T. gondii infection if their infected meat is consumed undercooked.

Citations

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Warda Qamar, Abdullah F. Alsayeqh
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Brief Communications

Detection of Anaplasma sp. in Korean Native Goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) on Jeju Island, Korea: Giyong Seong, Yu-Jung Han, Jeong- Byoung Chae, Joon-Seok Chae, Do-Hyeon Yu, Young-Sung Lee, Jinho Park, Bae-Keun Park, Jae-Gyu Yoo, Kyoung-Seong Choi; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(6):765-769.
Published online December 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.6.765

Abstract
PDF

Anaplasma species are obligate intracellular pathogens that can cause tick-borne diseases in mammalian hosts. To date, very few studies of their occurrence in Korean native goats (Capra aegagrus hircus) have been reported. In the present study, we investigated Anaplasma infection of Korean native goats on Jeju Island, Republic of Korea, and performed phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences. Our results showed that Anaplasma infection was found mostly in adult female goats. The phylogenetic tree revealed that the 7 sequences identified in Korean native goats could belong to Anaplasma sp. and were distinct from A. marginale, A. centrale, and A. ovis. The results indicated that the sequences identified to belong to Anaplasma were closely related to sequences isolated from goats in China and were clustered within the same group. To our knowledge, this is the first study to detect Anaplasma sp. infection in Korean native goats.

Citations

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Molecular surveillance of microbial agents from cattle-attached and questing ticks from livestock agroecosystems of Antioquia, Colombia
Juan A. Segura, Antonia Dibernardo, Kathy Manguiat, Brooks Waitt, Zulma V. Rueda, Yoav Keynan, Heidi Wood, Lina A. Gutiérrez
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.2024; 105: 102113. CrossRef
First molecular identification of multiple tick-borne pathogens in livestock within Kassena-Nankana, Ghana
Seth Offei Addo, Ronald Essah Bentil, Kevin Nii Yartey, Jane Ansah-Owusu, Eric Behene, Philip Opoku-Agyeman, Selassie Bruku, Victor Asoala, Suzanne Mate, John Asiedu Larbi, Philip Kweku Baidoo, Michael David Wilson, Joseph W. Diclaro, Samuel K. Dadzie
Animal Diseases.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Detection and Genotypic Analysis of Anaplasma bovis and A. phagocytophilum in Horse Blood and Lung Tissue
Min-Goo Seo, In-Ohk Ouh, Dongmi Kwak
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(4): 3239. CrossRef
Tick-Borne-Agents Detection in Patients with Acute Febrile Syndrome and Ticks from Magdalena Medio, Colombia
Ruth Cabrera, Willington Mendoza, Loreth López-Mosquera, Miguel Angel Cano, Nicolas Ortiz, Valentina Campo, Yoav Keynan, Lucelly López, Zulma Vanessa Rueda, Lina Andrea Gutiérrez
Pathogens.2022; 11(10): 1090. CrossRef
Molecular prevalence, characterization and associated risk factors of Anaplasma spp. and Theileria spp. in small ruminants in Northern Pakistan
Sadaf Niaz, Zia Ur Rahman, Ijaz Ali, Raquel Cossío-Bayúgar, Itzel Amaro-Estrada, Abdullah D. Alanazi, Irfan Khattak, Jehan Zeb, Nasreen Nasreen, Adil Khan
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Ji-Min Rim, Sun-Woo Han, Yoon-Kyoung Cho, Jun-Gu Kang, Kyoung-Seong Choi, Hyesung Jeong, Kidong Son, Jisoo Kim, Yongjun Choi, Won-Meong Kim, Nam-Hyuk Cho, Joon-Seok Chae
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases.2021; 12(6): 101813. CrossRef
Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Parasitizing Native Korean Goats (Capra hircus coreanae) in South Korea
Min-Goo Seo, Oh-Deog Kwon, Dongmi Kwak
Pathogens.2020; 9(2): 71. CrossRef
Evaluation on the presence of Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, and Babesia spp. in goats (Capra hircus) in Cebu, the Philippines
Adrian P. Ybañez, Orgil V. Arrabis, Dennis Justin M. Alvarez, Eloiza May S. Galon, Rhea Mae P. Jayag, Elmie S. Delan, Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez, Xuenan Xuan
Veterinary World.2019; 12(6): 774. CrossRef
Epidemiological Investigation of Tick Species from Near Domestic Animal Farms and Cattle, Goat, and Wild Boar in Korea
Jeong-Byoung Chae, Young-Sun Cho, Yoon-Kyoung Cho, Jun-Gu Kang, Nam-Shik Shin, Joon-Seok Chae
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2019; 57(3): 319. CrossRef
Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis ofAnaplasmaspp. in Korean Native Goats from Ulsan Metropolitan City, Korea
Hyun-Ji Seo, Byung-Chan Jin, Keun-Ho Kim, Mi-Sun Yoo, Kwang-Won Seong, Seong-Jin Jeong, Bang-Hun Hyun, Yun Sang Cho
Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases.2019; 19(10): 773. CrossRef
Direct PCR-RFLP based detection and differentiation of Anaplasma species in naturally infected goats of eastern Haryana, India
BISWA RANJAN MAHARANA, ANITA GANGULY, RANBIR SINGH BISLA, DEVAN ARORA, ANKIT KUMAR, SANDEEP POTLIYA, CHINMOY MISHRA, INDRAJIT GANGULY
The Indian Journal of Animal Sciences.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
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Hang Lee, Joon-Seok Chae, Bae-Keun Park, Jinho Park, Do-Hyeon Yu, Jun-Gu Kang, Nam-Shik Shin, Young-Sun Jo, Yoon-Kyoung Cho, Kyoung-Seong Choi, Jeong-Byoung Chae
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Du-Gyeong Han, Ji-Hyoung Ryu, Jeong-Byoung Chae, Dong-Woo Kim, Chan-Ho Kwon, Kyoung-Seong Choi
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Molecular identification of selected tick-borne pathogens in wild deer and raccoon dogs from the Republic of Korea
Yu-Jung Han, Jinho Park, Young-Sung Lee, Joon-seok Chae, Do-Hyeon Yu, Bae-Keun Park, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Kyoung-Seong Choi
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2017; 7: 25. CrossRef

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Molecular Characterization of Gastrothylax crumenifer (Platyhelminthes: Gastrothylacidae) from Goats in the Western Part of India by LSU of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA: Ashwani Kumar, Anshu Chaudhary, Chandni Verma, Hridaya Shanker Singh; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(6):701-705.
Published online December 23, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.6.701

Abstract
PDF

The rumen parasite, Gastrothylax crumenifer (Platyhelminthes: Gastrothylacidae), is a highly pathogenic trematode parasite of goat (Capra hircus). It sucks blood that causes acute disease like anemia, and severe economic losses occur due to morbidity and mortality of the ruminant infected by these worms. The study of these rumen paramphistomes, their infection, and public health importance remains unclear in India especially in the western part of state Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), Meerut, India, where the goat meat consumption is very high. This paper provides the molecular characterization of G. crumenifer recovered from the rumen of Capra hircus from Meerut, U.P., India by the partial sequence of 28S rDNA. Nucleotide sequence similarity searching on BLAST of 28S rDNA from parasites showed the highest identity with those of G. crumenifer from the same host Capra hircus. This is the first report of molecular identification of G. crumenifer from this part of India.

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Gillian Mitchell, Ruth N. Zadoks, Philip J. Skuce
Frontiers in Veterinary Science.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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Sirapat Nak-on, Thapana Chontananarth
Veterinary Parasitology.2020; 282: 109135. CrossRef
Incidence of amphistome infection in sheep from Mhow, Madhya Pradesh
D. K. Bansal, V. Agrawal, A. K. Jayraw, U. K. Garg, G. P Jatav, N. Jamra, Nidhi Singh
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2018; 42(1): 19. CrossRef
First genetic evidence for the presence of the rumen fluke Paramphistomum epiclitum in Pakistan
Qasim Ali, Imran Rashid, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir, Haroon Akbar, Kashif Shahzad, Kamran Ashraf, Neil Sargison, Umer Chaudhry
Parasitology International.2018; 67(5): 533. CrossRef

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Case Report

Congenital Neosporosis in Goats from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil: Mary S. Varaschin, Christian Hirsch, Flademir Wouters, Karen Y. Nakagaki, Ant?nio M. Guimar?es, Domingos S. Santos, Pedro S. Bezerra, Rafael C. Costa, Ana P. Peconick, Ingeborg M. Langohr; Korean J Parasitol 2012;50(1):63-67.
Published online March 6, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.1.63

Abstract
PDF

Congenital Neospora caninum infection was diagnosed in two Saanen goat kids from two distinct herds with a history of abortion and weak newborn goat kids in the Southern region of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The first kid was weak at birth, had difficulty to rise and was unable to nurse. Gross lesions of porencephaly and hydrocephalus ex vacuo were seen. Multifocal necrosis, gliosis and non-supurative encephalitis were observed in the brain. Several parasitic cysts with a thick wall that reacted strongly only with polyclonal antiserum to Neospora caninum were seen in the cerebral cortex, brain stem and cerebellum. The second kid was born from a Neospora caninum seropositive mother that aborted in the last pregnancy. It was born without clinical signs. The diagnosis of neosporosis was based on antibody titer of 1:800 to N. caninum by indirect fluorescence antibody test obtained from blood collected before the goat kid ingested the colostrum and Neospora caninum DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction and sequenced from placenta. This is the first report of neosporosis in goats in the southeast region of Brazil.

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Original Articles

Hematological and Serum Biochemical Analyses in Experimental Caprine Besnoitiosis: Saeed Nazifi, Ahmad Oryan, Fatemeh Namazi; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(2):133-138.
Published online June 14, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.2.133

Abstract
PDF

This study was undertaken to investigate the hematological and biochemical changes in experimentally infected goats with Besnoitia caprae from the time of infection till 360 days post-infection (PI). Six male goats were inoculated subcutaneously with 13×10⁷ bradyzoites of B. caprae, and blood samples were collected from the jugular vein. The total erythrocyte and total leukocyte counts, hematocrit value, and differential leukocyte counts were determined. Serum biochemical analysis, including the total protein, albumin, total globulin, cholesterol, triglyceride, chloride, testosterone, calcium (Ca²⁺), inorganic phosphorus, sodium (Na⁺), potassium (K⁺), iron (Fe²⁺), glucose, serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin (Hp), fibrinogen, ceruloplasmin, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase, was undertaken. Skin biopsy from the limbs were collected at weekly intervals and histologically examined for Besnoitia cysts. Cysts were present in the skin biopsies of the leg of the infected goats from day 28 PI. There were variations in hematological analyses, but no significant difference was seen. From day 30 to 360 PI, results showed that SAA, Hp, fibrinogen, and ceruloplasmin concentrations increased, whereas testosterone concentrations decreased. Infected goats exhibited decrease of albumin and increase of serum total protein and globulin concentrations. By contrast, there were no significant differences in the remained analyses concentrations.

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Martin C Langenmayer, Julia C Scharr, Carola Sauter-Louis, Gereon Schares, Nicole S Gollnick
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Genotype analysis of Cryptosporidium spp. prevalent in a rural village in Hwasun-gun, Republic of Korea: Jae-Hwan Park, Sang-Mee Guk, Eun-Taek Han, Eun-Hee Shin, Jae-Lip Kim, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2006;44(1):27-33.
Published online March 20, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2006.44.1.27

Abstract
PDF

Two species of Cryptosporidium are known to infect man; C. hominis which shows anthroponotic transmission between humans, and C. parvum which shows zoonotic transmission between animals or between animals and man. In this study, we focused on identifying genotypes of Cryptosporidium prevalent among inhabitants and domestic animals (cattle and goats), to elucidate transmittal routes in a known endemic area in Hwasun-gun, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea. The existence of Cryptosporidium oocysts was confirmed using a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain. Human infections were found in 7 (25.9%) of 27 people examined. Cattle cryptosporidiosis cases constituted 7 (41.2%) of 17 examined, and goat cases 3 (42.9%) of 7 examined. Species characterizations were performed on the small subunit of the rRNA gene using both PCR-RFLP and sequence analysis. Most of the human isolates were mixtures of C. hominis and C. parvum genotypes and similar PCR-RFLP patterns were observed in cattle and goat isolates. However, sequence analyses identified only C. hominis in all isolates examined. The natural infection of cattle and goats with C. hominis is a new and unique finding in the present study. It is suggested that human cryptosporidiosis in the studied area is caused by mixtures of C. hominis and C. parvum oocysts originating from both inhabitants and domestic animals.

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Brief Communication

Examination of gastrointestinal helminth in livestock grazing in grassland of Bangladesh: M. Motahar-Hussain Mondal, M-Khyrul Islam, Jin Hur, John-Hwa Lee, Byeong-Kirl Baek; Korean J Parasitol 2000;38(3):187-190.
Published online September 30, 2000; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2000.38.3.187

Abstract
PDF

To determine association of grassland with parasitic diseases of livestock in Bangladesh, the 'Tracer' animals (two cow calves and two goats) were released for a month in a grassland used for communal grazing of livestock near school premise in Kanthal, Trishal, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. After slaughtering of the tracer animals, their gastrointestinal tract examination revealed six species of nematode and one cestode. The nematode species were Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, Mecistocirrus digitatus, Oesophagostomum spp., Trichuris spp. and Bunostomum sp. The cestode was one of the genus Moniezia. With this preliminary study, grasslands are thought to be one of the main sources of gastrointestinal parasitic diseases of livestock in Bangladesh.

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