Parasites, Hosts and Diseases

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Brief Communication

Low Levels of Polymorphisms and Negative Selection in Plasmodum knowlesi Merozoite Surface Protein 8 in Malaysian Isolates: Md Atique Ahmed, Hae-Ji Kang, Fu-Shi Quan; Korean J Parasitol 2019;57(4):445-450.
Published online August 31, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2019.57.4.445

Abstract
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Human infections due to the monkey malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi is increasingly being reported from most Southeast Asian countries specifically Malaysia. The parasite causes severe and fatal malaria thus there is a need for urgent measures for its control. In this study, the level of polymorphisms, haplotypes and natural selection of full-length pkmsp8 in 37 clinical samples from Malaysian Borneo along with 6 lab-adapted strains were investigated. Low levels of polymorphism were observed across the full-length gene, the double epidermal growth factor (EGF) domains were mostly conserved, and non-synonymous substitutions were absent. Evidence of strong negative selection pressure in the non-EGF regions were found indicating functional constrains acting at different domains. Phylogenetic haplotype network analysis identified shared haplotypes and indicated geographical clustering of samples originating from Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo. This is the first study to genetically characterize the full-length msp8 gene from clinical isolates of P. knowlesi from Malaysia; however, further functional characterization would be useful for future rational vaccine design.

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Plasmodium knowlesi: the game changer for malaria eradication
Wenn-Chyau Lee, Fei Wen Cheong, Amirah Amir, Meng Yee Lai, Jia Hui Tan, Wei Kit Phang, Shahhaziq Shahari, Yee-Ling Lau
Malaria Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Articles

Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Horses in Korea: Min-Goo Seo, In-Ohk Ouh, Eunsang Choi, Oh-Deog Kwon, Dongmi Kwak; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(6):559-565.
Published online December 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.6.559

Abstract
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The identification and characterization of pathogenic and zoonotic tick-borne diseases like granulocytic anaplasmosis are essential for developing effective control programs. The differential diagnosis of pathogenic Anaplasma phagocytophilum and non-pathogenic A. phagocytophilum-like Anaplasma spp. is important for implementing effective treatment from control programs. The
objective
of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. in horses in Korea by nucleotide sequencing and restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism assay. Of the 627 horses included in the study, only 1 (0.2%) was infected with A. phagocytophilum. Co-infection with A. phagocytophilum- like Anaplasma spp. was not detected in the study. The 16S rRNA sequence of A. phagocytophilum was similar (99.5- 100%) to A. phagocytophilum 16S rRNA isolated from horses in other countries. PCR adapted to amplify A. phagocytophilum groEL and msp2 genes failed to generate amplicons, suggesting genetic diversity in these genes. This study is the first molecular detection of A. phagocytophilum in horses in Korea. Human granulocytic anaplasmosis and animal infection of A. phagocytophilum have been reported in Korea recently. Because of vector tick distribution, global warming, and the increase of the horse industry, horses should be considered as a potential reservoir for A. phagocytophilum, and cross infectivity should be evaluated even though a low prevalence of infection was detected in this study. Furthermore, continuous surveillance and effective control measures for A. phagocytophilum should be established to prevent disease distribution and possible transmission to humans.

Citations

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PRELIMINARY DATA ON MOLECULAR TESTING FOR ANAPLASMA PHAGOCYTOPHILUM INFECTION IN CATTLE AND HORSES, ROMANIA
Emanuel MITREA, Andreea Monica BOGDAN , Anca Maria ZISOPOL , Ioan Liviu MITREA , Mariana IONIȚĂ
Scientific Papers Journal VETERINARY SERIES.2024; 67(1): 24. CrossRef
Worldwide meta-analysis on Anaplasma phagocytophilum infections in animal reservoirs: Prevalence, distribution and reservoir diversity
Solomon Ngutor Karshima, Musa Isiyaku Ahmed, Kaltume Mamman Mohammed, Victoria Adamu Pam, Habiba Momoh-Abdullateef, Bulus Peter Gwimi
Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports.2023; 38: 100830. CrossRef
Detection and Genotypic Analysis of Anaplasma bovis and A. phagocytophilum in Horse Blood and Lung Tissue
Min-Goo Seo, In-Ohk Ouh, Dongmi Kwak
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(4): 3239. CrossRef
Tick Populations and Molecular Analysis of Anaplasma Species in Ticks from the Republic of Korea
Min-Goo Seo, Haeseung Lee, Badriah Alkathiri, KyuSung Ahn, Seung-Hun Lee, SungShik Shin, Seulgi Bae, Kyoo-Tae Kim, Min Jang, Sang-Kwon Lee, Yun Sang Cho, Kyung-Yeon Eo, Oh-Deog Kwon, Dongmi Kwak
Microorganisms.2023; 11(4): 820. CrossRef
The first study on the seroprevalence of Anaplasma spp. in small ruminants and assessment of associated risk factors in North Egypt
Abdelfattah Selim, Kotb A. Attia, Roua A. Alsubki, Fatima Albohairy, Itoh Kimiko, Mourad Ben Said
Veterinary World.2022; : 1221. CrossRef
Molecular epidemiology of anaplasmosis in small ruminants along a human-livestock-wildlife interface in Uganda
Keneth Iceland Kasozi, Susan Christina Welburn, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Najat Marraiki, David Paul Nalumenya, Monica Namayanja, Kevin Matama, Kelly Katenta Zalwango, Wycliff Matovu, Gerald Zirintunda, Justine Ekou, Stellamaris Kembabazi, Claire Mack Mugasa
Heliyon.2021; 7(1): e05688. CrossRef
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Jing Deng, Qijue Chen, Boyong Hu, Wen Li, Mingxi Jia, Yi Shi, Shouyao Xiong, Jie Bai, Huaqun Yin
Processes.2021; 9(7): 1145. CrossRef
Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Ticks Collected from Horses in the Republic of Korea
Hyun-Ji Seo, A-Tai Truong, Keun-Ho Kim, Ji-Yeon Lim, Subin Min, Heung-Chul Kim, Mi-Sun Yoo, Soon-Seek Yoon, Terry A. Klein, Yun Sang Cho
Pathogens.2021; 10(9): 1069. CrossRef
First Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Horses in Muş Province of Turkey
Bekir OĞUZ
Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2021; 7(3): 312. CrossRef
Duplex TaqMan real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection and quantification of Anaplasma capra and Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection
Jinxing Song, Shanshan Zhao, Yueqin Li, Haiyan Wang, Liwei Zhang, Jun Wang, Changshen Ning, Yongshuai Peng
Molecular and Cellular Probes.2020; 49: 101487. CrossRef
Anaplasma bovis infection in a horse: First clinical report and molecular analysis
Min-Goo Seo, Oh-Deog Kwon, Dongmi Kwak
Veterinary Microbiology.2019; 233: 47. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of Anaplasma spp. among sheep and goats in Charsadda District, Pakistan
Adil Khan, Nasreen, Robert D. Mitchell, Sadaf Niaz, Sultan Ayaz, Irfan Khattak, Huma Naeem, Adalberto A. Pérez de León, Muhammad Arfan Zaman
Small Ruminant Research.2019; 176: 5. CrossRef

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Unraveling Haplotype Diversity of the Apical Membrane Antigen-1 Gene in Plasmodium falciparum Populations in Thailand: Lalita Lumkul, Vorthon Sawaswong, Phumin Simpalipan, Morakot Kaewthamasorn, Pongchai Harnyuttanakorn, Sittiporn Pattaradilokrat; Korean J Parasitol 2018;56(2):153-165.
Published online April 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2018.56.2.153

Development of an effective vaccine is critically needed for the prevention of malaria. One of the key antigens for malaria vaccines is the apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1) of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, the surface protein for erythrocyte invasion of the parasite. The gene encoding AMA-1 has been sequenced from populations of P. falciparum worldwide, but the haplotype diversity of the gene in P. falciparum populations in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), including Thailand, remains to be characterized. In the present study, the AMA-1 gene was PCR amplified and sequenced from the genomic DNA of 65 P. falciparum isolates from 5 endemic areas in Thailand. The nearly fulllength 1,848 nucleotide sequence of AMA-1 was subjected to molecular analyses, including nucleotide sequence diversity, haplotype diversity and deduced amino acid sequence diversity and neutrality tests. Phylogenetic analysis and pairwise population differentiation (F_st indices) were performed to infer the population structure. The analyses identified 60 single nucleotide polymorphic loci, predominately located in domain I of AMA-1. A total of 31 unique AMA-1 haplotypes were identified, which included 11 novel ones. The phylogenetic tree of the AMA-1 haplotypes revealed multiple clades of AMA-1, each of which contained parasites of multiple geographical origins, consistent with the Fst indices indicating genetic homogeneity or gene flow among geographically distinct populations of P. falciparum in Thailand’s borders with Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia. In summary, the study revealed novel haplotypes and population structure needed for the further advancement of AMA-1-based malaria vaccines in the GMS.

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Genetic diversity and natural selection of apical membrane antigen-1 (ama-1) in Cameroonian Plasmodium falciparum isolates
Joseph Hawadak, Loick Pradel Kojom Foko, Rodrigue Roman Dongang Nana, Karmveer Yadav, Veena Pande, Aparup Das, Vineeta Singh
Gene.2024; 894: 147956. CrossRef
Genetic polymorphism and natural selection of the erythrocyte binding antigen 175 region II in Plasmodium falciparum populations from Myanmar and Vietnam
Tuấn Cường Võ, Hương Giang Lê, Jung-Mi Kang, Haung Naw, Won Gi Yoo, Moe Kyaw Myint, Huynh Hong Quang, Byoung-Kuk Na
Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum AMA-1 antigen from the Northeast Indian state of Tripura and comparison with global sequences: implications for vaccine development
Tulika Nirmolia, Md. Atique Ahmed, Vinayagam Sathishkumar, Nilanju P. Sarma, Dibya R. Bhattacharyya, Pradyumna K. Mohapatra, Devendra Bansal, Praveen K. Bharti, Rakesh Sehgal, Jagadish Mahanta, Ali A. Sultan, Kanwar Narain, Saurav J. Patgiri
Malaria Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Global diversity of the gene encoding the Pfs25 protein—a Plasmodium falciparum transmission-blocking vaccine candidate
Pornpawee Sookpongthai, Korawich Utayopas, Thassanai Sitthiyotha, Theerakamol Pengsakul, Morakot Kaewthamasorn, Kittikhun Wangkanont, Pongchai Harnyuttanakorn, Surasak Chunsrivirot, Sittiporn Pattaradilokrat
Parasites & Vectors.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Diversify and Conquer: The Vaccine Escapism of Plasmodium falciparum
Alena Pance
Microorganisms.2020; 8(11): 1748. CrossRef
Plasmodium falciparum Blood Stage Antimalarial Vaccines: An Analysis of Ongoing Clinical Trials and New Perspectives Related to Synthetic Vaccines
David Ricardo Salamanca, Marcela Gómez, Anny Camargo, Laura Cuy-Chaparro, Jessica Molina-Franky, César Reyes, Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo, Manuel Elkin Patarroyo
Frontiers in Microbiology.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Genotyping genetically heterogeneousCyclospora cayetanensisinfections to complement epidemiological case linkage
Joel L. N. Barratt, Subin Park, Fernanda S. Nascimento, Jessica Hofstetter, Mateusz Plucinski, Shannon Casillas, Richard S. Bradbury, Michael J. Arrowood, Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Eldin Talundzic
Parasitology.2019; 146(10): 1275. CrossRef
Reverse immunodynamics: a new method for identifying targets of protective immunity
Katrina J. Spensley, Paul S. Wikramaratna, Bridget S. Penman, Andrew Walker, Adrian L. Smith, Oliver G. Pybus, Létitia Jean, Sunetra Gupta, José Lourenço
Scientific Reports.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

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Genetic Diversity and Natural Selection in 42 kDa Region of Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein-1 from China-Myanmar Endemic Border: Xia Zhou, Ernest Tambo, Jing Su, Qiang Fang, Wei Ruan, Jun-Hu Chen, Ming-Bo Yin, Xiao-Nong Zhou; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(5):473-480.
Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.5.473

Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein-1 (PvMSP1) gene codes for a major malaria vaccine candidate antigen. However, its polymorphic nature represents an obstacle to the design of a protective vaccine. In this study, we analyzed the genetic polymorphism and natural selection of the C-terminal 42 kDa fragment within PvMSP1 gene (Pv MSP1₄₂) from 77 P. vivax isolates, collected from imported cases of China-Myanmar border (CMB) areas in Yunnan province and the inland cases from Anhui, Yunnan, and Zhejiang province in China during 2009-2012. Totally, 41 haplotypes were identified and 30 of them were new haplotypes. The differences between the rates of non-synonymous and synonymous mutations suggest that PvMSP1₄₂ has evolved under natural selection, and a high selective pressure preferentially acted on regions identified of PvMSP1₃₃. Our results also demonstrated that PvMSP1₄₂ of P. vivax isolates collected on China-Myanmar border areas display higher genetic polymorphisms than those collected from inland of China. Such results have significant implications for understanding the dynamic of the P. vivax population and may be useful information towards China malaria elimination campaign strategies.

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Genetic diversity and molecular evolution of Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein and Merozoite Surface Protein-1 in northwestern Thailand
Parsakorn Tapaopong, Gustavo da Silva, Sittinont Chainarin, Chayanut Suansomjit, Khajohnpong Manopwisedjaroen, Liwang Cui, Cristian Koepfli, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Wang Nguitragool
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2023; 113: 105467. CrossRef
Spatiotemporal Changes in Plasmodium vivax msp142 Haplotypes in Southern Mexico: From the Control to the Pre-Elimination Phase
Alejandro Flores-Alanis, Lilia González-Cerón, Frida Santillán-Valenzuela, Cecilia Ximenez, Marco A. Sandoval-Bautista, Rene Cerritos
Microorganisms.2022; 10(1): 186. CrossRef
Genetic polymorphisms in genes associated with drug resistance in Plasmodium vivax parasites from northeastern Myanmar
Fang Huang, Shigang Li, Peng Tian, Lahpai Ja Seng Pu, Yanwen Cui, Hui Liu, Lianzhi Yang, Dahidam Yaw Bi
Malaria Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Diversity and natural selection of Merozoite surface Protein-1 in three species of human malaria parasites: Contribution from South-East Asian isolates
Xiang Ting Goh, Yvonne A.L. Lim, Ping Chin Lee, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Kek Heng Chua
Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology.2021; 244: 111390. CrossRef
Genetic diversity of Merozoite surface protein 1–42 (MSP1-42) fragment of Plasmodium vivax from Indonesian isolates: Rationale implementation of candidate MSP1 vaccine
E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati, E. Henny Herningtyas, Puspawati Puspawati, Fridolina Mau, Shen-Bo Chen, Hai-Mo Shen, Jun-Hu Chen
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2020; 85: 104573. CrossRef
Exploration of Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface proteins 1 and 7 genetic diversity in Brazilian Amazon and Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest
Natália Ketrin Almeida-de-Oliveira, Rebecca Abreu-Fernandes, Aline Rosa Lavigne, Anielle Pina-Costa, Daiana de Souza Perce-da-Silva, Marcos Catanho, Átila Duque Rossi, Patrícia Brasil, Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro, Maria de Fátima Ferreira-da-Cruz
Infection, Genetics and Evolution.2020; 86: 104592. CrossRef
Genetic polymorphism and natural selection in the C-terminal 42 kDa region of merozoite surface protein-1 (MSP-1) among Plasmodium knowlesi samples from Malaysia
Nan Jiun Yap, Indra Vythilingam, Boon Peng Hoh, Xiang Ting Goh, Azdayanti Muslim, Romano Ngui, Yamuna Rajoo, Seow Huey Choy, Timothy William, Tsin Wen Yeo, Yvonne Ai-Lian Lim
Parasites & Vectors.2018;[Epub] CrossRef

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Subsets of Inflammatory Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms are Associated with Risk of Carcinogenic Liver Fluke Opisthorchis viverrini-Associated Advanced Periductal Fibrosis and Cholangiocarcinoma: Arpa Surapaitoon, Sutas Suttiprapa, Eimorn Mairiang, Narong Khuntikeo, Chawalit Pairojkul, Jeffrey Bethony, Paul J. Brindley, Banchob Sripa; Korean J Parasitol 2017;55(3):295-304.
Published online June 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2017.55.3.295

Abstract
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Opisthorchis viverrini infection induces chronic inflammation, and a minor proportion of infected individuals develop advanced periductal fibrosis (APF) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Inflammatory cytokines and/or their gene polymorphisms may link to these biliary pathologies. We therefore investigated associations among cytokine gene polymorphisms and cytokine production in 510 Thai cases infected with O. viverrini who presented with APF+ or APF-, as established by abdominal ultrasonography as well as in patients diagnosed with CCA. Levels of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were determined in culture supernatants after stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with O. viverrini excretory-secretory (ES) products. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ, LT-α, and TNF-α were significantly increased in CCA patients compared with non-CCA (APF- and APF+) cases. Polymorphisms in genes encoding IL-1β -511C/T, IL-6 -174G/C, IFN-γ +874T/A, LT-α +252A/G, and TNF-α -308G/A were then investigated by using PCR-RFLP or allele specific-PCR (AS-PCR) analyses. In the CCA cases, LT-α +252A/G and TNF-α -308G/A heterozygous and homozygous variants showed significantly higher levels of these cytokines than the wild type. By contrast, levels of cytokines in wild type of IFN-γ +874T/A were significantly higher than the variants in CCA cases. IFN-γ +874T/A polymorphisms were associated with advanced periductal fibrosis, whereas IL-6 -174G/C polymorphisms were associated with CCA. To our knowledge, these findings provide the first demonstration that O. viverrini infected individuals carrying several specific cytokine gene polymorphisms are susceptible to develop fibrosis and CCA.

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The Search for Risk, Diagnostic, and Prognostic Biomarkers of Cholangiocarcinoma and Their Biological and Clinicopathologic Significance
Rocio I.R. Macias, Hiroaki Kanzaki, Carmen Berasain, Matias A. Avila, Jose J.G. Marin, Yujin Hoshida
The American Journal of Pathology.2025; 195(3): 422. CrossRef
Gut Microbiome and Bile Acid Interactions
Nan Wu, Sareh Bayatpour, Phillip B. Hylemon, Sayed O. Aseem, Paul J. Brindley, Huiping Zhou
The American Journal of Pathology.2025; 195(3): 397. CrossRef
Role of interleukins in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma: A literature review
Saira Rafaqat, Hafsa Hamid, Roha Asif, Muhammad Asif, Maria Tariq, Malaika Saleem, Hijab Abaid
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Associations of Liver Fluke Infection and Cholangiocarcinoma: A Scoping Review
Ankitha Sivanand, Durva Talati, Yash Kalariya, Priyansh Patel, Siddharth Kamal Gandhi
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Gene polymorphisms of inflammatory factors in liver cirrhosis
Sailan Xiao, Xiongfeng Pan, Xun Huang, Yamin Liu, Shi Wu Wen, Aizhong Liu
Frontiers in Genetics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Genotypic and allelic distribution of IFN‐γ +874T/A and TGF‐β1 −509C/T single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in human immunodeficiency virus‐infected Thais
Chareeporn Akekawatchai, Chada Phuegsilp, Khaimuk Changsri, Thanawan Soimanee, Warisara Sretapunya
Journal of Medical Virology.2022; 94(6): 2882. CrossRef
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Serena Cavallero, Ilaria Bellini, Antonella Pizzarelli, Stefano D’Amelio
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Ilaria Bellini, Daniela Scribano, Meysam Sarshar, Cecilia Ambrosi, Antonella Pizzarelli, Anna Teresa Palamara, Stefano D’Amelio, Serena Cavallero
Pathogens.2022; 11(10): 1214. CrossRef
The Role of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Cholangiocarcinoma: A Systematic Review
Guanwu Wang, Lara Rosaline Heij, Dong Liu, Edgar Dahl, Sven Arke LANG, Tom Florian Ulmer, Tom LUEDDE, Ulf Peter Neumann, Jan Bednarsch
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Improvement of a PCR-based method for the detection of Opisthorchis viverrini eggs in human stool samples by targeting internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2), cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), and cytochrome b (cyb)
Supaporn Pumpa, Wansika Phadungsil, Rudi Grams, Pongsakorn Martviset, Toon Ruang-Areerate, Mathirut Mungthin, Amornrat Geadkaew-Krenc
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Porwornwisit Tritripmongkol, Tullayakorn Plengsuriyakarn, Mayuri Tarasuk, Kesara Na-Bangchang
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Genetic Diversity of Schistosoma haematobium Eggs Isolated from Human Urine in Sudan: Juan-Hua Quan, In-Wook Choi, Hassan Ahmed Hassan Ahmed Ismail, Abdoelohab Saed Mohamed, Hoo-Gn Jeong, Jin-Su Lee, Sung-Tae Hong, Tai-Soon Yong, Guang-Ho Cha, Young-Ha Lee; Korean J Parasitol 2015;53(3):271-277.
Published online June 30, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2015.53.3.271

Abstract
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The genetic diversity of Schistosoma haematobium remains largely unstudied in comparison to that of Schistosoma mansoni. To characterize the extent of genetic diversity in S. haematobium among its definitive host (humans), we collected S. haematobium eggs from the urine of 73 infected schoolchildren at 5 primary schools in White Nile State, Sudan, and then performed a randomly amplified polymorphic DNA marker ITS2 by PCR-RFLP analysis. Among 73 S. haematobium egg-positive cases, 13 were selected based on the presence of the S. haematobium satellite markers A4 and B2 in their genomic DNA, and used for RFLP analysis. The 13 samples were subjected to an RFLP analysis of the S. haematobium ITS2 region; however, there was no variation in size among the fragments. Compared to the ITS2 sequences obtained for S. haematobium from Kenya, the nucleotide sequences of the ITS2 regions of S. haematobium from 4 areas in Sudan were consistent with those from Kenya (> 99%). In this study, we demonstrate for the first time that most of the S. haematobium population in Sudan consists of a pan-African S. haematobium genotype; however, we also report the discovery of Kenyan strain inflow into White Nile, Sudan.

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Analysis of DNA cox1 barcoding revealed novel haplotype in Schistosoma haematobium isolated from Western Sudan
Ishraga Adam Elzain, Abeer Babiker Idris, Abdul Aziz Karim, Nagla Mohamed Ahmed, Salaheldein G. Elzaki, Semih Yılmaz, Mohamed A. Hassan, Hamid Suliman Abdalla
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Lady Charlène Kouna, Sandrine Lydie Oyegue-Liabagui, Chenis Nick Atiga, Chérone Nancy Mbani Mpega Ntigui, Roméo Karl Imboumy-Limoukou, Jean Claude Biteghe BI Essone, Steede Seinnat Ontoua, Diamella Nancy Moukodoum, Alain Prince Okouga, Jean Bernard Lekana
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Doudou Sow, Khadime Sylla, Ndeye Marème Dieng, Bruno Senghor, Papa Mouhamadou Gaye, Cheikh B. Fall, Ndiaw Goumballa, Aldiouma Diallo, Jean Louis A. Ndiaye, Philippe Parola, Cheikh Sokhna, Souleymane Doucouré, Babacar Faye
Parasites & Vectors.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Population genetic structure of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma haematobium × Schistosoma bovis hybrids among school-aged children in Côte d’Ivoire
Etienne K. Angora, Alexane Vangraefschepe, Jean-François Allienne, Hervé Menan, Jean T. Coulibaly, Aboulaye Meïté, Giovanna Raso, Mirko S. Winkler, William Yavo, André O. Touré, Eliézer K. N’Goran, Jakob Zinsstag, Jürg Utzinger, Oliver Balmer, Jérôme Bois
Parasite.2022; 29: 23. CrossRef
Genetic Diversity of Schistosoma haematobium in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review
Rabecca Tembo, Panji Nkhoma, Mildred Zulu, Florence Mwaba, John Yabe, Hikabasa Halwiindi, Moses Kamwela, King S Nalubamba, Chummy S Sikasunge, Andrew M Phri
University of Zambia Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Detection of Schistosoma DNA in genital specimens and urine: A comparison between five female African study populations originating from S. haematobium and/or S. mansoni endemic areas
P. Pillay, J.A. Downs, J.M. Changalucha, E.A.T. Brienen, C.E. Ramarokoto, P.D.C. Leutscher, B.J. Vennervald, M. Taylor, E.F. Kjetland, L. Van Lieshout
Acta Tropica.2020; 204: 105363. CrossRef

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Brief Communications

Genetic Polymorphisms in VIR Genes among Indian Plasmodium vivax Populations: Purva Gupta, Veena Pande, Aparup Das, Vineeta Singh; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(5):557-564.
Published online October 22, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.5.557

Abstract
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The vir genes are antigenic genes and are considered to be possible vaccine targets. Since India is highly endemic to Plasmodium vivax, we sequenced 5 different vir genes and investigated DNA sequence variations in 93 single-clonal P. vivax isolates. High variability was observed in all the 5 vir genes; the vir 1/9 gene was highly diverged across Indian populations. The patterns of genetic diversity do not follow geographical locations, as geographically distant populations were found to be genetically similar. The results in general present complex genetic diversity patterns in India, requiring further in-depth population genetic and functional studies.

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Genomic dynamics of clinical Plasmodium vivax: comparative genomic hybridization in severe malaria cases
Sampreeti Tahbildar, Pon Arunachalam Boopathi, Sanjay Kumar Kochar, Dhanpat Kumar Kochar, Mohamed Aiyaz, Raja C. Mugasimangalam, Sudha N. Rao, Ashis Das
Frontiers in Malaria.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Population genetic analysis of Plasmodium vivax vir genes in Pakistan
Sylvatrie-Danne Dinzouna-Boutamba, Zin Moon, Sanghyun Lee, Sahib Gul Afridi, Hương Giang Lê, Yeonchul Hong, Byoung-Kuk Na, Youn-Kyoung Goo
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Anoopkrishna Rai, Deepak Sebastian Pinto, Praveen Rai, Srinivas Teerthanath, Indrani Karunasagar, Rama Adiga
Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU.2023; 13(04): 563. CrossRef
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Youn-Kyoung Goo
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Humoral and cellular immune response to Plasmodium vivax VIR recombinant and synthetic antigens in individuals naturally exposed to P. vivax in the Republic of Korea
Sanghyun Lee, Young-Ki Choi, Youn-Kyoung Goo
Malaria Journal.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Diversity of vir Genes in Plasmodium vivax from Endemic Regions in the Republic of Korea: an Initial Evaluation
Ui-han Son, Sylvatrie-Danne Dinzouna-Boutamba, Sanghyun Lee, Hae Soo Yun, Jung-Yeon Kim, So-Young Joo, Sookwan Jeong, Man Hee Rhee, Yeonchul Hong, Dong-Il Chung, Dongmi Kwak, Youn-Kyoung Goo
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2017; 55(2): 149. CrossRef
Clinical manifestations and molecular mechanisms in the changing paradigm of vivax malaria in India
Purva Gupta, Rajni Sharma, Jagdish Chandra, Virender Kumar, Ruchi Singh, Veena Pande, Vineeta Singh
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Acute kidney injury in malaria: An update
Anand Chellappan, D.S. Bhadauria
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Anju Verma, Hema Joshi, Vineeta Singh, Anup Anvikar, Neena Valecha
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Design, construction and validation of a Plasmodium vivax microarray for the transcriptome profiling of clinical isolates
Pon Arunachalam Boopathi, Amit Kumar Subudhi, Sheetal Middha, Jyoti Acharya, Raja Chinnadurai Mugasimangalam, Sanjay Kumar Kochar, Dhanpat Kumar Kochar, Ashis Das
Acta Tropica.2016; 164: 438. CrossRef

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9 Web of Science
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Evolution of Genetic Polymorphisms of Plasmodium falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein (PfMSP) in Thailand: Jiraporn Kuesap, Wanna Chaijaroenkul, Kanchanok Ketprathum, Puntanat Tattiyapong, Kesara Na-Bangchang; Korean J Parasitol 2014;52(1):105-109.
Published online February 19, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.1.105

Abstract
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Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a major public health problem in Thailand due to the emergence of multidrug resistance. The understanding of genetic diversity of malaria parasites is essential for developing effective drugs and vaccines. The genetic diversity of the merozoite surface protein-1 (PfMSP-1) and merozoite surface protein-2 (PfMSP-2) genes was investigated in a total of 145 P. falciparum isolates collected from Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand during 3 different periods (1997-1999, 2005-2007, and 2009-2010). Analysis of genetic polymorphisms was performed to track the evolution of genetic change of P. falciparum using PCR. Both individual genes and their combination patterns showed marked genetic diversity during the 3 study periods. The results strongly support that P. falciparum isolates in Thailand are markedly diverse and patterns changed with time. These 2 polymorphic genes could be used as molecular markers to detect multiple clone infections and differentiate recrudescence from reinfection in P. falciparum isolates in Thailand.

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Immunization with PfGBP130 generates antibodies that inhibit RBC invasion by P. falciparum parasites
Yannick Johnson, Ahmad Rushdi Shakri, Sunthorn Pond-Tor, Anup Jnawali, Tanbir Najrana, Haiwei Wu, Jhasketan Badhai, Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh, Drew Weissman, Edward Kabyemela, Patrick Duffy, Michal Fried, Jonathan Kurtis, Dipak Kumar Raj
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Allelic diversity of MSP1 and MSP2 repeat loci correlate with levels of malaria endemicity in Senegal and Nigerian populations
Mary A. Oboh, Tolla Ndiaye, Khadim Diongue, Yaye D. Ndiaye, Mouhamad Sy, Awa B. Deme, Mamadou A. Diallo, Mamadou S. Yade, Sarah K. Volkman, Aida S. Badiane, Alfred Amambua-Ngwa, Daouda Ndiaye
Malaria Journal.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 of Plasmodium falciparum in the China–Myanmar border region
Cang-Lin Zhang, Hong-Ning Zhou, Quan Liu, Ya-Ming Yang
Malaria Journal.2019;[Epub] CrossRef

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6 Web of Science
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Original Article

Influencing Factors for Cure of Clonorchiasis by Praziquantel Therapy: Infection Burden and CYP3A5 Gene Polymorphism: Chung Hyeon Kim, Jeong-Keun Lee, Byung-Suk Chung, Shunyu Li, Min-Ho Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2011;49(1):45-49.
Published online March 18, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2011.49.1.45

Abstract
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Chemotherapy of clonorchiasis with praziquantel (PZQ) is effective but about 15% of treated cases have been reported uncured. The present study investigated correlation of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the cytochrome P450 gene, CYP3A5 and cure of clonorchiasis. A total of 346 egg passing residents were subjected and treated by 3 doses of 25 mg/kg PZQ. Reexamination recognized 33 (9.5%) uncured and 313 cured. Numbers of eggs per gram of feces (EPGs) before treatment were significantly lower in the cured group than in the uncured group (2,011.2±3,600.0 vs 4,998.5±7,012.0, P<0.001). DNAs of the subjects were screened for SNPs at 7 locations of CYP3A5 using PCR. In the uncured group, the SNP frequencies at g.-20555G>A and g.27526C>T of CYP3A5 were 15.2% and 9.1% while those were 3.8% and 1.0%, respectively, in the cured group. The cure rate was significantly lower in the cases with SNP at g.27526C>T and EPGs≥1,000. In conclusion, EPGs and SNPs of CYP3A5 are factors which influence cure of clonorchiasis by PZQ therapy. It is strongly suggested to recommend 2-day medication for individuals with high EPGs≥1,000.

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Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis: epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, morbidity, diagnosis, treatment, and control
Men-Bao Qian, Jennifer Keiser, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Graeme N. Forrest
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Efficacy and Safety of Tribendimidine Against Clonorchis sinensis
Men-Bao Qian, Peiling Yap, Yi-Chao Yang, Hai Liang, Zhi-Hua Jiang, Wei Li, Yu-Guang Tan, Hui Zhou, Jürg Utzinger, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Jennifer Keiser
Clinical Infectious Diseases.2013; 56(7): e76. CrossRef
Efficacy of Praziquantel against Schistosoma mekongi and Opisthorchis viverrini: A Randomized, Single-Blinded Dose-Comparison Trial
Leonore Lovis, Tippi K. Mak, Khampheng Phongluxa, Phonepasong Ayé Soukhathammavong, Youthanavanh Vonghachack, Jennifer Keiser, Penelope Vounatsou, Marcel Tanner, Christoph Hatz, Jürg Utzinger, Peter Odermatt, Kongsap Akkhavong, Banchob Sripa
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2012; 6(7): e1726. CrossRef

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Mini Review

Genetic Characteristics of Polymorphic Antigenic Markers among Korean Isolates of Plasmodium vivax: Seung-Young Hwang, So-Hee Kim, Weon-Gyu Kho; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(Suppl):S51.
Published online October 26, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.S.S51

Abstract
PDF

Plasmodium vivax, a protozoan malaria parasite of humans, represents a major public health concern in the Republic of Korea (= South Korea). However, little is known about the genetic properties and population structures of the P. vivax isolates circulating in South Korea. This article reviews known polymorphic genetic markers in South Korean isolates of P. vivax and briefly summarizes the current issues surrounding the gene and population structures of this parasite. The critical genetic characteristics of major antigens of the parasite, such as circumsporozoite protein (CSP), merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) and MSP-3, Duffy binding protein (DBP), apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA-1), and GAM-1, are also discussed.

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Daniel Kepple, Kareen Pestana, Junya Tomida, Abnet Abebe, Lemu Golassa, Eugenia Lo
Microorganisms.2020; 9(1): 15. CrossRef
Identification of an Immunogenic Broadly Inhibitory Surface Epitope of the Plasmodium vivax Duffy Binding Protein Ligand Domain
Miriam T. George, Jesse L. Schloegel, Francis B. Ntumngia, Samantha J. Barnes, Christopher L. King, Joanne L. Casey, Michael Foley, John H. Adams, Photini Sinnis
mSphere.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium vivax Causing Epidemic Malaria in the Republic of Korea
Young Yil Bahk, Jeonga Kim, Seong Kyu Ahn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Jong-Yil Chai, Tong-Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(6): 545. CrossRef
Genetic diversity and effect of natural selection at apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) among Iranian Plasmodium vivax isolates
Ahmad Reza Esmaeili Rastaghi, Fatemeh Nedaei, Hossein Nahrevanian, Nazanin Hoseinkhan
Folia Parasitologica.2014; 61(5): 385. CrossRef
The association of Duffy binding protein region II polymorphisms and its antigenicity in Plasmodium vivax isolates from Thailand
Patchanee Chootong, Amy M. McHenry, Francis B. Ntumngia, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, John H. Adams
Parasitology International.2014; 63(6): 858. CrossRef
First imported relapse case of Plasmodium vivax malaria and analysis of its origin by CSP sequencing in Henan Province, China
Ying Liu, Hong-wei Zhang, Rui-min Zhou, Cheng-yun Yang, Dan Qian, Yu-ling Zhao, Bian-li Xu
Malaria Journal.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Microsatellite DNA Analysis Revealed a Drastic Genetic Change of Plasmodium vivax Population in the Republic of Korea During 2002 and 2003
Moritoshi Iwagami, Seung-Young Hwang, So-Hee Kim, So-Jung Park, Ga-Young Lee, Emilie Louise Akiko Matsumoto-Takahashi, Weon-Gyu Kho, Shigeyuki Kano, Shan Lv
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2013; 7(10): e2522. CrossRef
Population Structure and Transmission Dynamics of Plasmodium vivax in the Republic of Korea Based on Microsatellite DNA Analysis
Moritoshi Iwagami, Megumi Fukumoto, Seung-Young Hwang, So-Hee Kim, Weon-Gyu Kho, Shigeyuki Kano, Mehmet Ali Ozcel
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2012; 6(4): e1592. CrossRef
Plasmodium vivax populations revisited: mitochondrial genomes of temperate strains in Asia suggest ancient population expansion
Miao Miao, Zhaoqing Yang, Harland Patch, Yaming Huang, Ananias A Escalante, Liwang Cui
BMC Evolutionary Biology.2012;[Epub] CrossRef
Geographical origin of Plasmodium vivax in the Republic of Korea: haplotype network analysis based on the parasite's mitochondrial genome
Moritoshi Iwagami, Seung-Young Hwang, Megumi Fukumoto, Toshiyuki Hayakawa, Kazuyuki Tanabe, So-Hee Kim, Weon-Gyu Kho, Shigeyuki Kano
Malaria Journal.2010;[Epub] CrossRef

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Original Articles

Genetic Variability of Antigen B among Echinococcus granulosus Egyptian Isolates: Gihan M. Tawfeek, Hala S. Elwakil, Nabil S. Awad, Laila El-Hoseiny, Hala S. Thabet, Rania M. Sarhan, Samar K. Darweesh, Wagida A. Anwar; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(3):259-264.
Published online August 28, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.3.259

Abstract
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Genetic polymorphisms of encoding antigen B2 gene (AgB2) in Echinococcus granulosus were studied using PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing among 20 Egyptian isolates. Five isolates from different host origins (humans, camels, pigs, and sheep) were collected and used. All examined isolates of each host group gave very similar patterns of PCR-RFLP after restriction enzyme digestion with AluI, with the gene size of approximately 140 bp and 240 bp for sheep and human isolates, and approximately 150 bp and 250 bp for pig and camel isolates. No digestion pattern was obtained after incubation of all studied isolates with EcoRI. These results reveal high intra-group homogeneity. DNA sequence analysis highlighted that human infecting strain showed 100% identity with respect to sheep infecting isolate, 96% and 99% with pig and camel infecting isolates, respectively.

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Characterization of antigen B subunit 2 (AgB2) gene polymorphism in sheep isolates of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and effect on serologic response
Harun Kaya Kesik, Figen Celik, Seyma Gunyakti Kilinc, Muhammet Uslug, Sami Simsek
Journal of Immunological Methods.2025; 542: 113896. CrossRef
Detection of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato cysts and seroprevalence of cystic echinococcosis in cattle and camels in Maiduguri Abattoir
Rebecca Arin Yakubu, Ishaya Haruna Nock, Iliya Shehu Ndams, Sodangi Abdulkarim Luka, Clement Ameh Yaro, Luay Alkazmi, Gaber El-Saber Batiha
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2022; 46(3): 876. CrossRef
Genotyping and Identification of Antigen B Gene Polymorphism of Echinococcus granulosus in Edirne, Thrace, and the First Report of Genotype G2 (Tasmanian Sheep Strain) in Turkey
Taner Tarladaçalışır, Canan Eryıldız, Kıymet Tabakçıoğlu, Nermin Şakru
Balkan Medical Journal.2022; 39(6): 401. CrossRef
Determination of Echinococcus granulosus Antigen B Polymorphism in Human and Animal Isolates From Alborz Province by PCR-SSCP
Parisa Asheri, Abolfazl Miahipour, Mohammad Zibaei, Hamid Hosseini
International Journal of Enteric Pathogens.2021; 9(3): 90. CrossRef
Identification of antigen B (AgB) Gene polymorphism in cattle and sheep isolates of Echinococcus granulosus and investigation of effects on serological diagnosis
Harun Kaya Kesik, Sami Simsek, Seyma Gunyakti Kilinc, Ergun Koroglu
Acta Tropica.2019; 199: 105099. CrossRef
Sero-epidemiological value of some hydatid cyst antigen in diagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis
Mohey Abdelhafez Hassanain, Raafat Mohamed Shaapan, Fathia Abdelrazik M. Khalil
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2016; 40(1): 52. CrossRef
Molecular characterization of cystic echinococcosis: First record of G7 in Egypt and G1 in Yemen
Yosra H. Alam-Eldin, Heba E. Abdel Aaty, Mona A. Ahmed
Acta Parasitologica.2015;[Epub] CrossRef
Mutation scanning analysis of genetic variation within and among Echinococcus species: Implications and future prospects
Abdul Jabbar, Robin B. Gasser
ELECTROPHORESIS.2013; 34(13): 1852. CrossRef
Comparative analysis of the diagnostic performance of crude sheep hydatid cyst fluid, purified antigen B and its subunit (12 Kda), assessed by ELISA, in the diagnosis of human cystic echinococcosis
Gihan M. Tawfeek, Hala S. Elwakil, Laila El-hoseiny, Hala S. Thabet, Rania M. Sarhan, Nabil S. Awad, Wagida A. Anwar
Parasitology Research.2011; 108(2): 371. CrossRef

9,499 View
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Cytokine Genes are Associated with Fibrosis of the Intrahepatic Bile Duct Wall in Human Clonorchiasis: Byung-Suk Chung, Jeong-Keun Lee, Min-Ho Choi, Myoung Hee Park, Dongil Choi, Sung-Tae Hong; Korean J Parasitol 2009;47(2):145-151.
Published online May 27, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2009.47.2.145

Abstract
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This study examined the association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with intrahepatic bile duct wall fibrosis in human clonorchiasis. A total of 240 residents in Heilongjiang, China underwent ultrasonography, blood sampling, and stool examination. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites for IFN-γ (+874 T/A), IL-10 (-1,082 G/A, -819 C/T, -592 C/A), TNF-α (-308 G/A), and TGF-β1 (codon 10 T/C, codon 25 G/C) genes were observed with the TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. No significant correlation was observed between individual cytokine gene polymorphisms and intrahepatic duct dilatation (IHDD). Among individuals with clonorchiasis of moderate intensity, the incidence of IHDD was high in those with IFN-γ intermediate-producing genotype, +874AT (80.0%, P = 0.177), and in those with TNF-α low-producing genotype, -308GG (63.0%, P = 0.148). According to the combination of IFN-γ and TNF-α genotypes, the risks for IHDD could be stratified into high (intermediate-producing IFN-γ and low producing TNF-α), moderate, and low (low-producing IFN-γ and high producing TNF-α) risk groups. The incidence of IHDD was significantly different among these groups (P = 0.022): 88.9% (odds ratio, OR = 24.0) in high, 56.5% (OR = 3.9) in moderate, and 25.0% (OR = 1) in low risk groups. SNP of IFN-γ and TNF-α genes may contribute to the modulation of fibrosis in the intrahepatic bile duct wall in clonorchiasis patients.

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Risk Factors of Clonorchis sinensis Human Infections in Endemic Areas, Haman-Gun, Republic of Korea: A Case-Control Study
Sang-Eun Lee, Hee-Eun Shin, Myoung-Ro Lee, Yang-Hee Kim, Shin-Hyeong Cho, Jung-Won Ju
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2020; 58(6): 647. CrossRef
The impact of cytokine gene polymorphisms on Epstein–Barr virus infection outcome in pediatric liver transplant recipients
Beata Kasztelewicz, Irena Jankowska, Joanna Pawłowska, Joanna Teisseyre, Katarzyna Dzierżanowska-Fangrat
Journal of Clinical Virology.2012; 55(3): 226. CrossRef
Clinical relevance of the interleukin 10 promoter polymorphisms in Chinese Han patients with major trauma: genetic association studies
Ling Zeng, Wei Gu, Kehong Chen, Dongpo Jiang, Lianyang Zhang, Dingyuan Du, Ping Hu, Qing Liu, Suna Huang, Jianxin Jiang
Critical Care.2009;[Epub] CrossRef

8,020 View
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Evolutionary course of CsRn1 long-terminal-repeat retrotransposon and its heterogeneous integrations into the genome of the liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis: Young-An Bae, Yoon Kong; Korean J Parasitol 2003;41(4):209-219.
Published online December 20, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.4.209

Abstract
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The evolutionary course of the CsRn1 long-terminal-repeat (LTR) retrotransposon was predicted by conducting a phylogenetic analysis with its paralog LTR sequences. Based on the clustering patterns in the phylogenetic tree, multiple CsRn1 copies could be grouped into four subsets, which were shown to have different integration times. Their differential sequence divergences and heterogeneous integration patterns strongly suggested that these subsets appeared sequentially in the genome of C. sinensis. Members of recently expanding subset showed the lowest level of divergence in their LTR and reverse transcriptase gene sequences. They were also shown to be highly polymorphic among individual genomes of the trematode. The CsRn1 element exhibited a preference for repetitive, agenic chromosomal regions in terms of selecting integration targets. Our results suggested that CsRn1 might induce a considerable degree of intergenomic variation and, thereby, have influenced the evolution of the C. sinensis genome.

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Recurrent emergence of structural variants of LTR retrotransposon CsRn1 evolving novel expression strategy and their selective expansion in a carcinogenic liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis
Seon-Hee Kim, Yoon Kong, Young-An Bae
Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology.2017; 214: 14. CrossRef
Genomics and transcriptomics of the Chinese liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis (Opisthorchiidae, Trematoda)
G. N. Chelomina
Molecular Biology.2017; 51(2): 184. CrossRef
Egg-specific expression of protein with DNA methyltransferase activity in the biocarcinogenic liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis
SEON-HEE KIM, HYE-JEONG CHO, WOON-MOK SOHN, CHUN-SEOB AHN, YOON KONG, HYUN-JONG YANG, YOUNG-AN BAE
Parasitology.2015; 142(9): 1228. CrossRef
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Neil D. Young, Aaron R. Jex, Cinzia Cantacessi, Bronwyn E. Campbell, Thewarach Laha, Woon-Mok Sohn, Banchob Sripa, Alex Loukas, Paul J. Brindley, Robin B. Gasser
Biotechnology Advances.2010; 28(6): 859. CrossRef
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M. Carmen Thomas, Francisco Macias, Carlos Alonso, Manuel C. López
Trends in Parasitology.2010; 26(7): 350. CrossRef
Functional Genes and Proteins of Clonorchis sinensis
Tae Im Kim, Byoung-Kuk Na, Sung-Jong Hong
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2009; 47(Suppl): S59. CrossRef
Molecular genetic profiles among individual Clonorchis sinensis adults collected from cats in two geographic regions of China revealed by RAPD and MGE-PCR methods
De-Hua Lai, Qiao-Ping Wang, Wen Chen, Lian-Shun Cai, Zhong-Dao Wu, Xing-Quan Zhu, Zhao-Rong Lun
Acta Tropica.2008; 107(2): 213. CrossRef
PwRn1, a novel Ty3/gypsy-like retrotransposon of Paragonimus westermani: molecular characters and its differentially preserved mobile potential according to host chromosomal polyploidy
Young-An Bae, Jong-Sook Ahn, Seon-Hee Kim, Mun-Gan Rhyu, Yoon Kong, Seung-Yull Cho
BMC Genomics.2008;[Epub] CrossRef

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Acanthamoeba sohi, n. sp., a pathogenic Korean isolate YM-4 from a freshwater fish: Kyung-il Im, Ho-Joon Shin; Korean J Parasitol 2003;41(4):181-188.
Published online December 20, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2003.41.4.181

Abstract
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A new species of Acanthamoeba was isolated from a freshwater fish in Korea and tentatively named Acanthamoeba sp. YM-4 (Korean isolate YM-4). The trophozoites were 11.0-23.0 ?m in length and had hyaline filamentous projections. Cysts were similar to those of A. culbertsoni and A. royreba, which were previously designated as Acanthamoeba group III. Acanthamoeba YM-4 can survive at 40℃, and its generation time was 19.6 hr, which was longer than that of A. culbertsoni. In terms of the in vitro cytotoxicity of lysates, Acanthamoeba YM-4 was weaker than A. culbertsoni, but stronger than A. polyphaga. On the basis of the mortality of experimentally infected mice, Acanthamoeba YM-4 was found to be highly virulent. The isoenzymes profile of Acanthamoeba YM-4 was similar to that of A. royreba. An anti-Acanthamoeba YM-4 monoclonal antibody, McAY7, was found to react only with Acanthamoeba YM-4, and not with A. culbertsoni. Random amplified polymorphic DNA marker analysis and RFLP analysis of mitochondrial DNA and of 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA, placed Acanthamoeba YM-4 in a separate cluster on the basis of phylogenetic distances. Thus the Acanthamoeba Korean isolate YM-4 was identified as a new species, and assigned as Acanthamoeba sohi.

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Seok-Ryoul Jeong, Sang-Chul Lee, Kyoung-Ju Song, Sun Park, Kyongmin Kim, Myung-Hee Kwon, Kyung-il Im, Ho-Joon Shin
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Brief Communication

Apical membrane antigen-1 (AMA-1) gene sequences of re-emerging Plasmodium vivax in South Korea: Eun-Taek Han, Jae-Hwan Park, Eun-Hee Shin, Min-Ho Choi, Myoung-Don Oh, Jong-Yil Chai; Korean J Parasitol 2002;40(3):157-162.
Published online September 30, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2002.40.3.157

Abstract
PDF

Plasmodium vivax malaria re-emerged in South Korea in 1993, and epidemics continue since then. We examined genetic variation in the region encompassing the apical membrane antigen-1 (PvAMA-1) of the parasites by DNA sequencing of the 22 re-emerging P. vivax isolates. The genotype of the PvAMA-1, which was based on sequence data previously reported for the polymorphic regions, showed that two haplotypes were present at one polymorphic site. Compared with reported data, the two types, SKOR type I and type II, were similar to Chinese CH-10A and CH-05A isolates, respectively. Thus, the present study showed that two genotypes of AMA-1 genes coexist in the re-emerging Korean P. vivax.

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Ashley Godoy, Kevin Euceda, Alejandra Pinto, Hugo O. Valdivia, Lesly Chaver, Gloria Ardon, Gustavo Fontecha
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Genetic Diversity of Plasmodium vivax Causing Epidemic Malaria in the Republic of Korea
Young Yil Bahk, Jeonga Kim, Seong Kyu Ahn, Byoung-Kuk Na, Jong-Yil Chai, Tong-Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Parasitology.2018; 56(6): 545. CrossRef
Genotyping of Plasmodium vivax by minisatellite marker and its application in differentiating relapse and new infection
Ram Das, Ramesh C. Dhiman, Deepali Savargaonkar, Anupkumar R. Anvikar, Neena Valecha
Malaria Journal.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Population genetic structure and natural selection of apical membrane antigen-1 in Plasmodium vivax Korean isolates
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Original Articles

Analysis of polymorphic region of GAM-1 gene in Plasmodium vivax Korean isolates: Weon-Gyu Kho, Joon-Yong Chung, Ui-Wook Hwang, Jin-Ho Chun, Yeong-Hong Park, Woo-Chul Chung; Korean J Parasitol 2001;39(4):313-318.
Published online December 31, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2001.39.4.313

Abstract
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The identification, characterization and quantification of Plasmodium sp. genetic polymorphism are becoming increasingly important in the vaccine development. We investigated polymorphism of Plasmodium vivax GAM-1 (PvGAM-1) gene in 30 Korean isolates. The polymorphic region of the PvGAM-1 gene, corresponding to nt 3792-4029, was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by sequencing. All of the P. vivax Korean isolates were one type of GAM-1 gene, which were identical to that of the Belem strain. It is suggested that PvGAM-1 could not be used as a genetic marker for identifying or classifying P. vivax Korean isolates. It revealed that the polymorphic pattern was acquired basically by duplication and modification or deletion event of a 33 bp-motif fragment ended by poly guanine (G) and that there were at least three complete and one partial 33 bp-motif sequences within the polymorphic region in the longest cases such as those of South Korean and Belem isolates. In addition, we clustered P. vivax isolates with parsimonious criteria on the basis of PvGAM-1 polymorphic patterns (insertion/deletion patterns).

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Malaria Journal.2006;[Epub] CrossRef

8,088 View
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Analysis of polymorphic regions of Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein of Korean isolates: Weon-Gyu Kho, Joon-Yong Chung, Eun-Jeong Sim, Dong-Wook Kim, Woo-Chul Chung; Korean J Parasitol 2001;39(2):143-150.
Published online June 30, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2001.39.2.143

Abstract
PDF

The present study was designed to investigate polymorphism in Duffy binding protein (DBP) gene of Plasmodium vivax isolates of Korea. Thirty samples were obtained from P. vivax patients in Yonchon-gun, Kyonggi-do in 1998. The PCR products of the samples were subjected to sequencing and hybridization analyses of the regions II and IV of P. vivax DBP gene. Two genotypes, SK-1 and SK-2, were identified on the basis of amino acid substitution and deletion. The genotype of 10 isolates was SK-1 and that of 20 isolates was SK-2. Most of the predicted amino acids in the region II of DBP gene were conserved between the Korean isolates and Belem strain except for 4-5 amino acid substitutions. In the region IV of DBP, a 6-bp insert that was shown in the Sal-1 allele type was found in SK-1, and a 27-bp insert that was shown in the Papua New Guinea allele type was found in SK-2. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that two genotypes of P. vivax coexist in the endemic area of Korea.

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